| 词条 | Geita Gold Mine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name=Geita |image= |width= |caption= |pushpin_map= Tanzania#Africa#World |pushpin_label=Geita Gold Mine |pushpin_map_caption= Location of Geita Gold Mine |pushpin_relief=Yes |coordinates= {{coord|02|50|S|032|18|E|region:TZ|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |place=Geita |subdivision_type=Region |state/province=Mwanza |country=Tanzania |owner=AngloGold Ashanti |official website=[https://web.archive.org/web/20100716214942/http://www.anglogold.com/Default.htm AngloGold Ashanti website] |acquisition year= |stock_exchange=JSE |stock_code=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110716104416/http://fin.jse.co.za/findata/sharesearchresult.asp?searchtype=string&searchtext=ANG&requesttype=&y=&GetCodeOnly=1 ANG] |financial year=2009 |amount=272,000 |opening year=2000 |closing year= }} The Geita Gold Mine is an open pit gold mine located in the Geita District of the Geita Region (formerly part of the Mwanza Region) of Tanzania. It is operated by AngloGold Ashanti.[1] In 2008, the mine accounted for 6% of the company's overall annual gold production and employed close to 3,200 staff.[1] HistoryGold mining in Tanzania in modern times dates back to the German colonial period, beginning with gold discoveries near Lake Victoria in 1894. The first gold mine in what was then Tanganyika, the Sekenke Mine, began operation in 1909, and gold mining in Tanzania experienced a boom between 1930 and World War II. After World War II production was increased at Geita. By 1948 ore was recovered at three levels, processed in ball mills and gold recovered by the cyanide process. Ore was also recovered from a mine at Ridge Eight and carried 13 km to Geita by aerial ropeway. The General Manager and mine manager Art Sadler were Canadian; the company Secretary was Steve Charlton and the chief accountant Mildred Hayward. The company employed about 20 European specialists and 300 African miners. Electric power was provided from wood gasification plant feeding a Crossley engine giving 2 megawatt capacity. Gold was smelted and shipped monthly by road to Mwanza; in the rainy season the road became impassable and a DH Dragon was charted to collect the ingots from a rudimentary airstrip for transport to Dar es Salaam. Two prospectors were employed and ore samples assayed continuously by the lead/silver/acid process, A level of 6 dwt per ton was considered minimum economical level for recovery. In 1951 an eight-inch pipeline was laid to bring water 15 miles from Lake Victoria. By 1967, gold production in the country had dropped to insignificance but was revived in the mid-1970s, when the gold price rose once more. In the late 1990s, foreign mining companies started investing in the exploration and development of gold deposits in Tanzania, leading to the opening of a number of new mines.[2] The Geita mine re-commenced production in 2000, initially as a joint venture of AngloGold and Ashanti. With the merger of the two companies in 2004, the mine became fully owned by AngloGold Ashanti.[1] The mine was inaugurated by then-Tanzanian President Benjamin Mkapa, who pledged more incentives for investments in the sector. But the opening of the mine also raised fears within environmentalists from Tanzania and Uganda that its closeness to Lake Victoria, 20 kilometres away, could cause further environmental damage to the already affected water system.[3] Unlike the North Mara Gold Mine, where a spill caused extremely high levels of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, copper, chrome, nickel and zinc at the area around, at Geita the situation was found to be less acute. But at Geita, too, higher than natural levels of arsenic and other metals in sediments were found.[4] The mine started to experience production difficulties from 2007 onwards, starting with the failure of the highwall in the Nyankanga open pit, continued with some significant breakdowns of major mining equipment and in the process plant. Geita continued to underperform in 2009, producing 272,000 ounces of gold for the year, 43,000 short of the anticipated 315,000 ounces.[1] In March 2010, a gang of robbers stormed into the mine, tied up a security guard, seized his gun and stole 14 boxes of explosives. The police later managed to arrest one of the gang members and retrieved 12 of the 14 boxes but the incident raised questions in regards to the security at the mine.[5] At the end of September 2012, Charles Kitwanga, the deputy minister to the vice president’s office singled out the mine for its environmental efforts, citing it as a great example of how mines do not go hand in hand with pollution.[6] ProductionProduction figures of the recent past were:
References1. ^1 2 3 Country report: Tanzania AngloGold Ashanti website, accessed: 24 July 2010 2. ^Tanzania Mining History tanzaniagold.com, accessed: 24 July 2010 3. ^Tanzania: Gold mining adds new problems to Lake Victoria World Rainforest Movement website, accessed: 24 July 2010 4. ^Dangerous Levels of Arsenic Found Near Tanzania Mine MiningWatch Canada website, published: 17 November 2009, accessed: 24 July 2010 5. ^Beef up security at Geita Gold Mine The Citizen (Tanzania), published: 23 March 2010, accessed: 24 July 2010 6. ^{{Citation| url = http://allafrica.com/stories/201210030721.html| title= Tanzania: Mine Wins Praise for Keeping Clean Environment| year = 2012| publisher = Allafrica.com| publication-place = Africa| accessdate = 3 October 2012}} 7. ^1 2 Annual Report 2005 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719053855/http://www.anglogoldashanti.co.za/subwebs/InformationForInvestors/AnnualReport05/report/pdf/ar_report_2005.pdf |date=2011-07-19 }} AngloGold Ashanti website, accessed: 11 July 2010 8. ^Annual Report 2006 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707144403/http://www.anglogold.com/NR/rdonlyres/5F4B53A4-2DE4-43EC-87AB-BDB13F5C8C1F/0/ar_report_2006.pdf |date=2011-07-07 }} AngloGold Ashanti website, accessed: 11 July 2010 9. ^1 2 Annual Report 2009 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912032422/http://www.anglogoldashanti.com/subwebs/InformationForInvestors/Reports09/AnnualReport09/f/AGA_AR09.pdf |date=September 12, 2011 }} AngloGold Ashanti website, accessed: 9 May 2010 10. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.anglogoldashanti.com/en/Media/Reports/Annual%20Reports/AGA-annual-financial-statements-2010.pdf| title = AngloGold Ashanti Annual Financial Statements 2010| date = 11 March 2011| publisher = AngloGold Ashanti| pages = | archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20150419015718/http://www.anglogoldashanti.com/en/Media/Reports/Annual%20Reports/AGA-annual-financial-statements-2010.pdf| archivedate = 2015-04-19| dead-url = yes| accessdate = 2014-12-02}} 11. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.anglogoldashanti.com/en/Media/Reports/Annual%20Reports/AGA-annual-financial-statements-2011.pdf| title = Annual Financial Statements 2011| date = 16 March 2012| format = | publisher = AngloGold Ashanti| pages = | archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20150419015913/http://www.anglogoldashanti.com/en/Media/Reports/Annual%20Reports/AGA-annual-financial-statements-2011.pdf| archivedate = 2015-04-19| dead-url = yes| accessdate = 2014-12-02}} External links
5 : AngloGold Ashanti|Gold mines in Tanzania|Surface mines in Tanzania|Buildings and structures in the Mwanza Region|2000 establishments in Tanzania |
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