| 词条 | Gottfried Schatz |
| 释义 |
Gottfried Schatz (18 August 1936 – 1 October 2015) was a Swiss-Austrian biochemist. Life and careerSchatz was born in Strem. Upon obtaining his PhD in chemistry and biochemistry at the University of Graz (Austria), he did postdoctoral work at the University of Vienna and at "The Public Health Institute" of the City of New York. In 1968, he emigrated to the US in order to assume a professorship Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. Six years later, he returned to Europe in order to join the newly created Biozentrum[1] at the University of Basel, which he chaired from 1983 to 1985, From 1984 to 1989 he was Secretary General of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO). After his retirement in 2000, he presided the Swiss Science and Technology Council (SSTC) until 2003. He is the author of more than 200 professional publications as well as of two books of essays on the broader implications of science. His scientific autobiography "Interplanetary travels"[2] was published in 2000. Schatz died on 1 October 2015, aged 79.[3] Work{{refimprove section|date=October 2014}}Schatz played a leading role in elucidating the biogenesis of mitochondria and in discovering mitochondrial DNA.[4] He recognized that this DNA encoded only a small number of mitochondrial proteins which was decisive for his further research on the import of proteins into the mitochondria and the degradation of proteins within these organelles. Schatz discovered a complex transport system that recognizes mitochondrial proteins made in the cytoplasm by specific signals attached to these proteins and then transfers them into the mitochondria. This system comprises two protein complexes, TOM and TIM, which are localized in the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes respectively. Mutations in these complexes can disrupt protein import and cause illnesses such as the neurodegenerative Mohr-Tranebjaerg syndrome, which leads to deafness. Schatz also demonstrated that the energy-requiring protease Lon regulates protein turnover within the mitochondria, thus maintaining the integrity and the proper functioning of mitochondrial DNA. Gottfried Schatz is the author of more than 200 scientific publications, three volumes of essays, an autobiography and a novel. His books have appeared in English, French, Greek and Czech translation.[5] Honorary memberships and prizes
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.biozentrum.unibas.ch/about-us/biozentrum-at-a-glance/history/emeriti/gottfried-schatz/ |title=Biozentrum History |publisher=Biozentrum.unibas.ch |date= |accessdate=2015-10-04}} 2. ^Gottfried Schatz: Interplanetary travels - A scientific autobiography (Selected Topics in the History of Biochemistry, edited by G. Semenza and R. Jaenicke: Personal Recollections VI - Comprehensive Biochemistry Vol.41, Chapter 9, p. 449-530 - Elsevier Science B.V., 2000) 3. ^http://www.kleinezeitung.at/s/steiermark/graz/4834638/Wissenschaft_Biochemiker-Gottfried-Schatz-verstorben 4. ^Ellen Haslbrunner, Hans Tuppy and Gottfried Schatz (1964 at the Institut for Biochemistry at the Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna in Vienna, Austria): "Deoxyribonucleic Acid Associated with Yeast Mitochondria" (PDF) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 15, 127 - 132. 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kleinezeitung.at/s/steiermark/graz/4834638/Wissenschaft_Biochemiker-Gottfried-Schatz-verstorben|title=Wissenschaft - Biochemiker Gottfried Schatz verstorben|work=Kleine Zeitung}} 6. ^[https://www.jeantet.ch/en/prix-louis-jeantet/laureats/1990-en/professeur-gottfried-schatz/ Louis-Jeantet Prize] 7. ^{{cite web|author= |url=https://www.knaw.nl/en/members/foreign-members/4742 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214182855/https://www.knaw.nl/en/members/foreign-members/4742 |title=G. Schatz |publisher=Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences |date= |archive-date=14 February 2016 |accessdate=14 February 2016}} 8. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/AB/AB_10542/imfname_251156.pdf | title = Reply to a parliamentary question | language = German | page=1359 |trans-title=| format = pdf | accessdate = 27 November 2012 }} 9. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/AB/AB_10542/imfname_251156.pdf | title = Reply to a parliamentary question | language = German | page=1908 |trans-title=| format = pdf | accessdate = 27 November 2012 }} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://idw-online.de/pages/de/news330416|title=Gottfried Schatz erhält europäischen Preis für Wissenschaftskultur|work=idw-online.de}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.europaeische-kulturstiftung.de/|title=Europäische Kulturstiftung Pro Europa|date=26 February 2011|work=europaeische-kulturstiftung.de}} Books for a general audience
External links{{Wikiquote}}
14 : Austrian biochemists|Swiss biochemists|Cornell University faculty|University of Basel faculty|Members of Academia Europaea|Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|Members of the European Molecular Biology Organization|Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences|Recipients of the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria|Recipients of the Austrian Decoration for Science and Art|Biozentrum University of Basel|2015 deaths|1936 births |
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