| 词条 | Guan County, Shandong |
| 释义 |
| name = {{raise|0.2em|Guan County}} | native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|冠县}}}}}} | settlement_type = County | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = China Shandong | pushpin_label = Guanxian | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_map_caption = Location of the seat in Shandong | coordinates = {{coord|36.484|N|115.443|E|type:adm3rd_region:CN-37|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = People's Republic of China | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = Shandong | subdivision_type2 = Prefecture-level city | subdivision_name2 = Liaocheng | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | seat_type = | seat = | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = | leader_name = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = | population_as_of = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = | timezone1 = China Standard | utc_offset1 = +8 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = | website = | footnotes = }}{{Infobox Chinese|title=Guanxian|psp=Kwanhsien|s=冠县|t=冠縣|w=Kuan4-hsien4|p=Guàn Xiàn[1]}} Guan County ({{zh|s=冠县 |t=冠縣 |p=Guàn Xiàn}}) is a county of western Shandong province, People's Republic of China, bordered by Hebei province to the west. It is administered by Liaocheng City. The population was {{Formatnum:730300}} in 1999.[2] HistoryAs an isolated county, with relatively low education levels and a weak orthodox gentry,{{sfnp|Esherick|1987|p=142}} Guan long served as center for secret societies and heterodox sects. For example Guan was one of the earliest places where Yi-he boxing was practised, namely in 1779. This material arts style later served as base for the prominent Yìhéquán (Boxer) movement. In 1861–63, the county was also the center of a rebellion against the Qing dynasty, led by Song Jing-shi and supported by the White Lotus.{{sfnp|Esherick|1987|p=141}} In the last decades of the Qing Empire and the early Republic, Guan County was home to the Red as well as Green Gangs, the Yellow Sand Society, and the "Way of the Sages".{{sfnp|Esherick|1987|p=142}} References1. ^{{cite book|last1=|first1= |script-title=zh:現代漢語詞典(第七版) |trans-title=Contemporary Chinese Dictionary |edition=7 |date=1 September 2016|publisher=The Commercial Press |isbn=978-7-100-12450-8|page=483 |quote={{lang|zh-hans|【冠县】 Guàn Xiàn}} |location=Beijing}} 2. ^National Population Statistics Materials by County and City - 1999 Period, in China County & City Population 1999, Harvard China Historical GIS Bibliography
|last = Esherick |first = Joseph W. |title= The Origins of the Boxer Uprising |language= |url= |date= 1987 |publisher= University of California Press |location= Berkeley, California; Los Angeles; London |isbn= |ref=harv}} External links
1 : Counties of Shandong |
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