| 词条 | Jezkazgan |
| 释义 |
| name = Jezkazgan | official_name = | native_name = {{lang|kk|Жезқазған}} {{lang|ru|Жезказган}} | image_skyline = Akimmat.jpg | image_flag = | image_seal = Seal Zhezkazgan.png | image_map = | map_caption = |pushpin_map = Kazakhstan |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_mapsize = 280 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Kazakhstan |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name = Kazakhstan |subdivision_name1 = Karaganda Region | established_title = Founded | established_date = 1938 | government_type = | leader_title = Akim (mayor) | leader_name = Batyrlan Akhmetov | area_magnitude = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_total_km2 = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_land_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_urban_km2 = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | population_as_of=2009 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 86227 | population_urban = 90661 | population_metro = | population_density_sq_mi = | population_density_km2 = | timezone = ALMT | utc_offset = +6 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|47|47|0|N|67|42|0|E|region:KZ|display=inline}} | elevation_footnotes= | elevation_m = 300 | elevation_ft = | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 100600 | area_code = +7 7102 | website = http://www.jezkazgan.kz | footnotes = Jezkazgan or Zhezkazgan ({{lang-kz|Жезқазған|translit=Jezqazǵan}}, جەزقازعان), formerly known as Dzhezkazgan ({{lang-ru|Джезказган}}, until 1992), is a city in Karaganda Region, Kazakhstan, on a reservoir of the Kara-Kengir River. Population: {{Kz-census2009|86,227|punct=;}} {{Kz-census1999|90,001|punct=.}} Its urban area includes the neighbouring mining town of Satpayev, for a total city population of 148,700. 55% of Jezkagan population are Kazakhs, 30% Russians, with smaller minorities of Ukrainians, Germans, Chechens and Koreans. Geography and climateJezkazgan is situated in the very heart of the Kazakh upland. It is also near the geographic center of the country. It has an extremely continental semi-arid climate (BSk); rain is frequent but never heavy and monthly rainfall has never reached {{convert|100|mm|in|0}}. The average temperature ranges from {{convert|24|°C|°F}} in July to {{convert|-16|°C|°F}} in January, whilst extremes ranges from {{convert|43|C|F|0}} in June 1988 to {{convert|−41.1|C|F|1}} in February 1951. {{Weather box |location = Dzhezkazgan |single line = Yes |metric first = Yes |Jan record high C = 5.0 |Feb record high C = 9.0 |Mar record high C = 27.4 |Apr record high C = 34.2 |May record high C = 37.2 |Jun record high C = 43.0 |Jul record high C = 42.2 |Aug record high C = 42.4 |Sep record high C = 39.9 |Oct record high C = 30.5 |Nov record high C = 22.0 |Dec record high C = 9.8 |year record high C = 43.0 |Jan high C = -8.5 |Feb high C = -7.1 |Mar high C = 0.6 |Apr high C = 15.7 |May high C = 23.4 |Jun high C = 29.9 |Jul high C = 31.3 |Aug high C = 29.8 |Sep high C = 23.2 |Oct high C = 13.7 |Nov high C = 2.2 |Dec high C = -5.7 |year high C = 12.4 |Jan mean C = -13.0 |Feb mean C = -12.3 |Mar mean C = -4.5 |Apr mean C = 8.6 |May mean C = 16.2 |Jun mean C = 22.6 |Jul mean C = 24.4 |Aug mean C = 22.5 |Sep mean C = 15.2 |Oct mean C = 6.3 |Nov mean C = -2.8 |Dec mean C = -10.2 |year mean C = 6.1 |Jan low C = -17.6 |Feb low C = -17.3 |Mar low C = -9.0 |Apr low C = 2.2 |May low C = 8.7 |Jun low C = 14.5 |Jul low C = 16.8 |Aug low C = 14.4 |Sep low C = 7.1 |Oct low C = -0.1 |Nov low C = -7.1 |Dec low C = -14.6 |year low C = -0.2 |Jan record low C = -40.0 |Feb record low C = -41.1 |Mar record low C = -36.1 |Apr record low C = -15.6 |May record low C = -6.6 |Jun record low C = -2.2 |Jul record low C = 3.9 |Aug record low C = -2.6 |Sep record low C = -11.4 |Oct record low C = -19.0 |Nov record low C = -37.2 |Dec record low C = -40.0 |year record low C = -41.1 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 19 |Feb precipitation mm = 16 |Mar precipitation mm = 16 |Apr precipitation mm = 17 |May precipitation mm = 19 |Jun precipitation mm = 17 |Jul precipitation mm = 18 |Aug precipitation mm = 11 |Sep precipitation mm = 5 |Oct precipitation mm = 16 |Nov precipitation mm = 17 |Dec precipitation mm = 16 |year precipitation mm = 187 |Jan humidity = 78 |Feb humidity = 76 |Mar humidity = 75 |Apr humidity = 56 |May humidity = 48 |Jun humidity = 40 |Jul humidity = 41 |Aug humidity = 40 |Sep humidity = 43 |Oct humidity = 60 |Nov humidity = 76 |Dec humidity = 79 |year humidity = 59 |Jan rain days = 1 |Feb rain days = 2 |Mar rain days = 4 |Apr rain days = 6 |May rain days = 9 |Jun rain days = 8 |Jul rain days = 8 |Aug rain days = 5 |Sep rain days = 4 |Oct rain days = 6 |Nov rain days = 5 |Dec rain days = 2 |year rain days = 60 |Jan snow days = 17 |Feb snow days = 13 |Mar snow days = 7 |Apr snow days = 2 |May snow days = 0.3 |Jun snow days = 0 |Jul snow days = 0 |Aug snow days = 0 |Sep snow days = 0.03 |Oct snow days = 2 |Nov snow days = 8 |Dec snow days = 14 |year snow days = 63 |source 1 = погода и климат[1] }} HistoryThe city was created in 1938 in connection with the exploitation of the rich copper deposits. In 1973 a large mining and metallurgical complex was constructed to the southeast to smelt the copper that until then had been sent elsewhere for processing. Other metal ores mined and processed locally are manganese and iron. During the Soviet era, Jezkazgan was the site of a Gulag labor camp, Kengir, mentioned in Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's book The Gulag Archipelago, and Alexander Dolgun's "An American In The Gulag", and the period of forced resettlement of Koreans from the Russian Far East. IndustryToday the city is the headquarters of the copper conglomerate Kazakhmys, the city's main employer. The company has subsidiaries in China, Russia and the United Kingdom and is listed on the London Stock Exchange. There is a power station, Kazakhmys Power Plant with generation capacity of 207 MW and a 220 metres tall main chimney.{{Citation needed|date=November 2018}} TransportJezkazgan has a rail line to the regional capital city Karaganda. Jezkazgan is connected by road to Karaganda via European route E018 and Kyzylorda and Arkalyk via European route E123. The city is accessible by air via the Zhezkazgan Airport. Soyuz emergency landingsThe Soyuz 33 spacecraft returning cosmonauts from outer space landed in the remote flat countryside surrounding Jezkazgan in 1979. The Baikonur Cosmodrome lies {{convert|400|km|mi}} to the southwest and, by tradition, every cosmonaut plants a tree on Jezkazgan's Seyfullin-Boulevard to mark his or her safe return from space.{{citation needed|date=March 2008}} Again on 11 October 2018 the Soyuz MS-10/56S landed near Jezkazgan when a booster failed during launch.[2] Luna 16's samples from the moon returned close to here on 24 September 1970. Persons associated with Jezkazgan
References1. ^{{cite web| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20161125140718/http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/35671.htm| archivedate = 25 November 2016| url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/35671.htm| title = Weather and Climate – The Climate of Jezkazgan| accessdate = 25 November 2016| publisher = Weather and Climate (Погода и климат)| language = Russian}} 2. ^https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/10/10/live-coverage-two-man-crew-to-launch-on-six-month-space-station-expedition/ External links
5 : Cities and towns in Kazakhstan|Populated places established in 1938|Populated places in Karaganda Region|Cities and towns built in the Soviet Union|1938 establishments in the Soviet Union |
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