| 词条 | Heinz Politzer |
| 释义 |
| name = Heinz Politzer | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = December 31, 1910 | birth_place = Vienna, Austria | death_date = July 30, 1978 | death_place = Berkeley, California | nationality = | other_names = | occupation = Professor of German | years_active = | known_for = Kafka scholarship | notable_works = }} Heinz Politzer (December 31, 1910 – July 30, 1978) was an emigre from Nazism first to Palestine and then to the United States who taught German language and literature as a professor at the Bryn Mawr College, Oberlin College, and the University of California, Berkeley. He was a literary scholar, published poet, and prominent editor, particularly of Franz Kafka. As a close associate of Kafka's protégé, Max Brod, Politzer coedited with Brod the first complete collection of Kafka's works in eight volumes, published initially by the Schocken publishing house of Berlin during the early years of the Nazi dictatorship and subsequently by the successor firm Schocken Books in New York. LifePolitzer was born in Vienna to Marie (née Löwenthal) and Moritz Sigmund Politzer, a courtroom lawyer. After completing secondary schooling at a humanities-focused Gymnasium in 1929, he enrolled at the University of Vienna and studied German and English literatures. He transferred in 1931 to the Charles University in Prague, where he began dissertation research on Kafka. In 1933-35, he collaborated with Max Brod, comparing the already published versions of Kafka's books with the original manuscripts in order to prepare volumes 1-4 of Kafka's collected works for publication. He also worked on parts of volume 5 prior to emigrating. Fleeing fascism, Politzer moved to Palestine in 1938. Here he befriended Martin Buber and enrolled from 1938 to 1940 at the Hebrew University. He was involved with the American Guild for German Cultural Freedom in 1938-39, prior to relocating to the U.S. in 1947, where he matriculated at Bryn Mawr College, taught there as an instructor, completed a Ph.D. in 1950 with a dissertation on Kafka (work for which had begun in Prague), and advanced to an assistant professorship. He was naturalized as a U.S. citizen in 1952 and in the same year converted from Judaism to Episcopalianism. Politzer taught and conducted research as an associate professor at Oberlin College starting in 1952 and then in 1960 received an appointment as a full professor at the University of California, Berkeley, where he was employed until his retirement in 1978. His scholarly focus was on Austrian literature, and he was increasingly interested in a psychoanalytical approach to literary interpretation. During the last decade of his life, he studied the works of Sigmund Freud. His volume Freud and Tragedy appeared posthumously (German edition 2003, English version 2006). In 1976, he converted to Roman Catholicism. With his first wife, Ilse née Schröter, he had one son, Michael. He was survived by his second wife, Jane née Horner, with whom he had three sons, David, Stephen, and Eric, and a daughter, Maria. His ashes are interred at the Petersfriedhof in Salzburg, Austria. Awards and honorsAmong many other prizes and honors, he was three times a recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship (1958, 1966, 1974). In 1963, the Commonwealth Club of California awarded him its Silver Medal. In his homeland, he received the Austrian Cross (1966), the Grillparzer Ring (1972), and the Vienna Humanities Prize (1974) as well as an invitation to deliver the inaugural address at the 1976 Salzburg Music Festival. Germany conferred upon him an Officer's Cross, and on his 65th birthday his colleagues presented him with a Festschrift.[1] Works
References1. ^Austriaca. Beiträge zur österreichischen Literatur. Festschrift für Heinz Politzer zum 65. Geburtstag, ed. Richard Brinkmann, Winfried G. Kudszus, and Hinrich C. Seeba (Tubingen: Nax Niemeyer, 1975), ix + 495 pp. Further reading
External links
27 : 1910 births|1978 deaths|20th-century Austrian poets|Academics from California|Academics from Ohio|Academics from Pennsylvania|American literary critics|American male non-fiction writers|American people of Austrian-Jewish descent|Austrian emigrants to the United States|Austrian Jews|Austrian literary historians|Austrian male poets|Bryn Mawr College alumni|Bryn Mawr College faculty|Franz Kafka scholars|Germanists|Guggenheim Fellows|Israeli Jews|Israeli people of Austrian-Jewish descent|Jewish American historians|Oberlin College faculty|Poets from California|Poets from Ohio|Poets from Pennsylvania|University of California, Berkeley faculty|Writers from Vienna |
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