“Hexaquark”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

In particle physics hexaquarks are a large family of hypothetical particles, each particle consisting of six quarks or antiquarks of any flavours. Six constituent quarks in any of several combinations could yield a colour charge of zero; for example a hexaquark might contain either six quarks, resembling two baryons bound together (a dibaryon), or three quarks and three antiquarks.^[1] Once formed, dibaryons are predicted to be fairly stable by the standards of particle physics. In 1977 Robert Jaffe proposed that a possibly stable H dibaryon with the quark composition udsuds could notionally result from the combination of two uds hyperons^[2]

A number of experiments have been suggested to detect dibaryon decays and interactions. In the 1990s several candidate dibaryon decays were observed but they were not confirmed.^[3]^[4]^[5]

There is a theory that strange particles such as hyperons ^[6] and dibaryons^[7] could form in the interior of a neutron star, changing its mass–radius ratio in ways that might be detectable. Accordingly, measurements of neutron stars could set constraints on possible dibaryon properties.^[8] A large fraction of the neutrons in a neutron star could turn into hyperons and merge into dibaryons during the early part of its collapse into a black hole {{Citation needed|date=July 2010}}. These dibaryons would very quickly dissolve into quark–gluon plasma during the collapse, or go into some currently unknown state of matter.

In 2014 a potential dibaryon was detected at the Jülich Research Center at about 2380 MeV. The particle existed for 10⁻²³ seconds and was named d*(2380).^[9]

See also

References

1. ^{{cite journal|first1=J.|last1=Vijande|first2=A|last2=Valcarce|first3=J.-M.|last3=Richard|arxiv=1111.5921|title=Stability of hexaquarks in the string limit of confinement|date=25 November 2011|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.85.014019|volume=85|issue=1|pages=014019|journal=Physical Review D|bibcode=2012PhRvD..85a4019V}}
2. ^{{cite journal |author=R. L. Jaffe |year=1977 |title=Perhaps a Stable Dihyperon? |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=38 |issue=5 |pages=195–198 |bibcode=1977PhRvL..38..195J |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.38.195}}
3. ^{{cite journal |author=J. Belz et al. (BNL-E888 Collaboration) |year=1996 |title=Search for the weak decay of an H dibaryon |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=76 |issue= 18|pages=3277–3280 |arxiv=hep-ex/9603002 |bibcode=1996PhRvL..76.3277B |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.3277}}
4. ^{{cite journal |author=R. W. Stotzer et al. (BNL-E836 Collaboration) |year=1997 |title=Search for H dibaryon in He-3 (K-, k+) Hn |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=78 |issue= 19|pages=3646–36490 |bibcode=1997PhRvL..78.3646S |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.3646}}
5. ^{{cite journal |author=A. Alavi-Harati et al. (KTeV Collaboration) |year=2000 |title=Search for the weak decay of a lightly bound H0 dibaryon |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=84 |issue= 12|pages=2593–2597 |arxiv=hep-ex/9910030 |bibcode=2000PhRvL..84.2593A |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.2593 |pmid=11017277}}
6. ^{{cite journal |author1=V. A. Ambartsumyan |author2=G. S. Saakyan |year=1960 |title=The Degenerate Superdense Gas of Elementary Particles |url=http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1960SvA.....4..187A |journal=Soviet Astronomy |volume=37 |issue= |pages=193 |bibcode=1960SvA.....4..187A}}
7. ^{{cite journal |author1=S. Kagiyama |author2=A. Nakamura |author3=T. Omodaka |year=1992 |title=Compressible bag model and dibaryon stars |journal=Zeitschrift für Physik C |volume=56 |issue=4 |pages=557–560 |bibcode=1992ZPhyC..56..557K |doi=10.1007/BF01474728}}
8. ^{{cite journal |author1=A. Faessler |author2=A. J. Buchmann |author3=M. I. Krivoruchenko |year=1997 |title=Constraints to coupling constants of the ω- and σ-mesons with dibaryons |journal=Physical Review C |volume=56 |issue= 3|pages=1576–1581 |arxiv=nucl-th/9706080 |bibcode=1997PhRvC..56.1576F |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1576}}
9. ^{{cite journal |author=P. Adlarson|year=2014 |title=Evidence for a New Resonance from Polarized Neutron-Proton Scattering |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=112 |issue=2 |pages=202301 |arxiv=1402.6844 |bibcode=2014PhRvL.112t2301A |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.202301|display-authors=etal}}