| 词条 | John Maclay, 1st Viscount Muirshiel |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable |name = The Viscount Muirshiel |honorific-suffix = {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KT|CH|CMG|PC|DL}} |image = John Scott Maclay.jpg |imagesize = |smallimage = |caption = 1962 portrait of Maclay by Herbert James Gunn. |office = Secretary of State for Scotland |term_start = 13 January 1957 |term_end = 13 July 1962 |primeminister = Harold Macmillan |predecessor = Hon. James Stuart |successor = Michael Noble |office1 = Minister of State for the Colonies |term_start1 = 18 October 1956 |term_end1 = 13 January 1957 |primeminister1 = Anthony Eden |predecessor1 = John Hare |successor1 = John Drummond |office2 = Minister of Civil Aviation |term_start2 = 31 October 1951 |term_end2 = 7 May 1952 |primeminister2 = Winston Churchill |predecessor2 = David Rees-Williams |successor2 = Alan Lennox-Boyd |office3 = Chairman of the National Liberal Party |term_start3 = 1947 |term_end3 = 1956 |predecessor3 = Stanley Holmes |successor3 = James Duncan |constituency_MP4 = West Renfrewshire |term_start4 = 23 February 1950 |term_end4 = 15 October 1964 |predecessor4 = Thomas Scollan |successor4 = Norman Buchan |constituency_MP5 = Montrose Burghs |term_start5 = 5 July 1940 |term_end5 = 23 February 1950 |predecessor5 = Charles Kerr |successor5 = Constituency abolished |birth_date = 26 October 1905 |birth_place = |death_date = 17 August 1992 (aged 86) |death_place = |restingplace = |nationality = British |party = National Liberal Scottish Unionist |alma_mater = Trinity College, Cambridge |occupation = |profession = |religion = |spouse = Betty Astley (1902–1974) }}John Scott Maclay, 1st Viscount Muirshiel, {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|KT|CH|CMG|PC|DL}} (26 October 1905 – 17 August 1992) was a British politician, sitting as a National Liberal and Conservative Member of Parliament before the party was fully assimilated into the Unionist Party in Scotland in the early 1960s.[1] Lord Muirshiel served as Secretary of State for Scotland from 1957 to 1962 within Harold Macmillan's Conservative government, having held a number of junior ministerial posts beforehand. In 1964, he was elevated to the House of Lords. Background and educationMaclay was the fifth son of Joseph Paton Maclay, 1st Baron Maclay, and the younger brother of Joseph Maclay, 2nd Baron Maclay.[2] He was educated at Winchester and Trinity College, Cambridge, and was bowman in the victorious Cambridge boat in the 1927 Boat Race.{{citation needed|date=September 2010}} At Cambridge, he was also a member of the University Pitt Club.[3] Political careerIn 1940 Maclay was elected in a wartime by-election as Member of Parliament (MP) for Montrose Burghs.[4] During the Second World War, he led the British Merchant shipping Mission to Washington, D.C., leading to his appointment to the Order of St Michael and St George as a Companion (CMG) in the 1944 Birthday Honours.[5] In 1945 he briefly served as Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Minister of Production.{{citation needed|date=September 2010}} He retained his Montrose seat at the 1945 general election.[6] During the 1945 to 1951 Labour government, he led the National Liberals in the House of Commons.{{citation needed|date=September 2010}} The Montrose Burghs constituency was abolished for the 1950 general election, and Maclay was instead returned for West Renfrewshire,[7] a seat he held until 1964. He served under Winston Churchill as Minister of Civil Aviation and Minister of Transport between October 1951 and May 1952. In 1952 he was admitted to the Privy Council. Maclay remained out of office until October 1956 when he was appointed Minister of State for the Colonies by Sir Anthony Eden. When Harold Macmillan became Prime Minister in January 1957, he was made Secretary of State for Scotland with a seat in the cabinet. He continued in this post until July 1962, when he was a victim of the "Night of the Long Knives", when one-third of the Cabinet lost their ministries. In 1964 Maclay was raised to the peerage as Viscount Muirshiel, of Kilmacolm in the County of Renfrew.[8] He had been made a Companion of Honour in 1962[9] and was made a Knight of the Thistle in 1973.[10] From 1967 to 1980 he served as Lord-Lieutenant of Renfrewshire. Personal lifeLord Muirshiel married Betty, daughter of Delaval Graham L'Estrange Astley, in 1930. The marriage was childless. She died in June 1974, aged 71. Lord Muirshiel remained a widower until his death in August 1992, aged 86. The viscountcy died with him.[2] He is buried alongside a number of family members including the Barons Maclay in the Mount Zion Church graveyard in Quarrier's Village near Kilmacolm in his former West Renfrewshire constituency.{{citation needed|date=September 2010}} Styles of address
See also
References1. ^https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-viscount-muirshiel-1541565.html 2. ^1 thepeerage.com John Scott Maclay, 1st Viscount Muirshiel 3. ^{{cite book |last1=Fletcher |first1=Walter Morley |authorlink1=Walter Morley Fletcher |others= |title=The University Pitt Club: 1835-1935 |format= |accessdate= |type= |edition=First Paperback |date=2011 |month= |origyear=1935 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-1-107-60006-5 |page=100 |pages= |chapter= }} 4. ^{{London Gazette |issue=34892 |date=9 July 1940 |page=4170 }} 5. ^{{London Gazette |issue=36544 |date=2 June 1944 |page=2569 |supp=y}} 6. ^{{London Gazette |issue=37238 |date=24 August 1945 |page=4296 }} 7. ^{{London Gazette |issue=38851 |date=28 February 1950 |page=1044 }} 8. ^{{London Gazette |issue=43383 |date=17 July 1964 |page=6097 }} 9. ^{{London Gazette |issue=42736 |date=20 July 1962 |page=5807 }} 10. ^{{London Gazette |issue=45963 |date=27 April 1973 |page=5331 }}
External links
| years = 1940–1950}}{{s-non| reason = Constituency abolished}}{{s-bef| before = Thomas Scollan}}{{s-ttl| title = Member of Parliament for West Renfrewshire | years = 1950–1964}}{{s-aft| after = Norman Buchan}}{{s-off}}{{s-bef| before = Alfred Barnes}}{{s-ttl| title = Minister of Transport | years = 1951–1952}}{{s-aft| after = Alan Lennox-Boyd | rows = 2}}{{s-bef| before = The Lord Ogmore}}{{s-ttl| title = Minister of Civil Aviation | years = 1951–1952}}{{s-bef| before = Hon. John Hare}}{{s-ttl| title = Minister of State for the Colonies | years = 1956–1957}}{{s-aft| after = The Earl of Perth}}{{s-bef| before = Hon. James Stuart}}{{s-ttl| title = Secretary of State for Scotland | years = 1957–1962}}{{s-aft| after = Michael Noble}}{{s-hon}}{{s-bef| before = Sir Walter Shaw-Stewart, Bt}}{{s-ttl| title = Lord-Lieutenant of Renfrewshire | years = 1957–1962}}{{s-aft| after = David Makgill-Crichton-Maitland}}{{s-reg|uk}}{{s-new|creation}}{{s-ttl| title = Viscount Muirshiel | years = 1964–1992}}{{s-non| reason = Extinct}}{{s-end}}{{Secretaries of State for Scotland}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Maclay, John Scott}} 21 : 1905 births|1992 deaths|People educated at Winchester College|Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge|Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies|Viscounts in the Peerage of the United Kingdom|Knights of the Thistle|Lord-Lieutenants of Renfrewshire|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour|Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George|Secretaries of State for Scotland|UK MPs 1935–45|UK MPs 1945–50|UK MPs 1950–51|UK MPs 1951–55|UK MPs 1955–59|UK MPs 1959–64|Scottish male rowers|Unionist Party (Scotland) MPs|Younger sons of barons |
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