| 词条 | Hydrocotyle bonariensis |
| 释义 |
|image = Hydrocotyle bonariensis.jpg |image_caption = Largeleaf pennywort |genus = Hydrocotyle |species = bonariensis |authority = Lam.[1] |synonyms = Hydrocotyle bonariensis Comm. ex Lam. Hydrocotyle multiflora Ruiz & Pav. Hydrocotyle petiolaris DC. Hydrocotyle yucatanensis Millsp.[2] Hydrocotyle caffra Meisn.[3] | range_map = Hydrocotyle bonariensis distMap.png | range_map_caption = Occurrence data from GBIF |}}Hydrocotyle bonariensis, the largeleaf pennywort,[1] once a member of the family Apiaceae, now in the family Araliaceae[4] and of the genus Hydrocotyle is a hairless and creeping[5] perennial.[6] Description
DistributionThis species colonizes sandy ground[5] and disturbed foreshore sites, estuaries, coastline, sand dunes and ponds.[6] H. bonariensis has also displayed a tendency to prefer, and be stronger at, higher elevations.[9]
Afrotropic: West-Central Tropical Africa: Cameroon West Tropical Africa: Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal South Tropical Africa: Angola, Mozambique Southern Africa: South Africa Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion Nearctic: Southeastern United States: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina South-Central United States: Texas Neotropic: Central America: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama Caribbean: Cuba, Puerto Rico Northern South America: Venezuela Brazil: Brazil Western South America: Bolivia, Colombia, Peru Southern South America: Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay Neighbors
References1. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=HYBO | title = PLANTS Profile, Hydrocotyle bonariensis | accessdate = 2008-04-25 | author = Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) | authorlink = Natural Resources Conservation Service | work = The PLANTS Database | publisher = United States Department of Agriculture}} 2. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.tropicos.org/Name/01702251 | title = Hydrocotyle bonariensis Lam. | accessdate = 2008-04-25 | author = Tropicos | publisher = Missouri Botanical Garden}} 3. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.ville-ge.ch/cjb/bd/africa/details.php?langue=an&id=27212 | title = Hydrocotyle bonariensis Lam. record n° 27212 | accessdate = 2008-04-25 | work = African Plants Database | publisher = South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève and Tela Botanica. }} 4. ^{{GRIN genus | name = Hydrocotyle | id = 5898 | accessdate = 2008-04-25}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url = http://www.aluka.org/action/showCompilationPage?doi=10.5555/AL.AP.COMPILATION.PLANT-NAME-SPECIES.HYDROCOTYLE.BONARIENSIS |title = Hydrocotyle bonariensis Lam. [family UMBELLIFERAE] |accessdate = 2008-04-25 |author = Aluka |authorlink = Aluka |work = African Plants |doi = 10.5555/AL.AP.COMPILATION.PLANT-NAME-SPECIES.HYDROCOTYLE.BONARIENSIS |publisher = Ithaka Harbors, Inc}}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 6. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url = http://www.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/science/hot_science_topics/Ecology_of_Cumberland_Plain_Woodland/woodland_plants/hydrocotyle_bonariensis |title = Ecology of Cumberland Plain Woodland *Hydrocotyle bonariensis |accessdate = 2008-04-25 |work = Hot Science topics |publisher = Department of Environment and Climate Change, Botanic Gardens Trust |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080801103503/http://www.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/science/hot_science_topics/Ecology_of_Cumberland_Plain_Woodland/woodland_plants/hydrocotyle_bonariensis |archivedate = 2008-08-01 |df = }} 7. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Klein | first1 =Alecsandro Schardosim | author2 = Vanilde Citadini-Zanette | author3 = Robson Santos | title =Florística e estrutura comunitária de restinga herbácea no município de Araranguá, Santa Catarina | journal =Biotemas | volume =20 | issue =3 | pages =15–26 | date = September 2007 | url = http://www.biotemas.ufsc.br/pdf/volume203/p15a26.pdf | language = Spanish | id =– 1643 | accessdate = 2008-04-25 | format = }} {{dead link|date=May 2009}} 8. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.peld.furg.br/portugues/habitates_de_praias_do_oceno.htm |title = HABITATS DE PRAIAS DO ATLÂNTICO |accessdate = 2008-04-20 |work = DESCRIÇÃO DO SITE |publisher = BRAZILIAN LONG TERM ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH (PELD) |language = Portuguese |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070525051815/http://www.peld.furg.br/portugues/habitates_de_praias_do_oceno.htm |archivedate = 2007-05-25 |df = }} 9. ^{{cite journal | last =Knight | first =Tiffany M. | authorlink = Florida State University |author2=Thomas E. Miller | journal =Evolutionary Ecology Research | title =Local adaptation within a population of Hydrocotyle bonariensis | issue =6 | pages =103–114 | year =2004 | url =http://www.biology.wustl.edu/faculty/knight/knightandmiller.pdf | format = PDF | accessdate = 2008-04-25 }} 10. ^{{GRIN | accessdate = 2008-04-25 }} 11. ^{{cite web | url = http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/rs-treaties/papers/LM_October2004fieldreport_english.pdf | title = RAPID ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION FOR THE PROJECT ON THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT TREATIES | accessdate = 2008-04-25 | last = Berlinc | first = Christian Niel |author2=Rosario Beyhaut |author3=Eduardo Marchisi |author4=Nestor Pérez |author5=Gonzalo Picasso |author6=Carlos Prigioni |author7=José Manuel Venzal | date = 17–23 October 2004 | work = Remote Sensing Technologies for Ecosystem Management Treaties | publisher = Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs and United States Department of State}} External links
| url = http://beta.uniprot.org/taxonomy/82089 | title = Hydrocotyle bonariensis | accessdate = 2008-04-25 | author = UniProt | authorlink = UniProt }}{{Taxonbar|from=Q5954749}} 3 : Hydrocotyle|Flora of the Southeastern United States|Flora of Australia |
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