| 词条 | Khalil Khasmammadov |
| 释义 |
|name = Khalil Bey Khasmammadov Xəlil bəy Xasməmmədov |image = Khalil bek Khasmamedov.jpeg |image_size = 250px |order = |title = Minister of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) |term_start = December 26, 1918 |term_end = June 16, 1919 |predecessor = Behbud Khan Javanshir |successor = Nasib Yusifbeyli |president = Fatali Khan Khoyski (Chairman of Azerbaijani Parliament) |office2 = Minister of Justice of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) |term_start3 = May 28, 1918 |term_end3 = June 17, 1918 |term_start2 = December 24, 1919 |term_end2 = April 1, 1920 |predecessor3 = office established |successor3 = Aslan bey Safikurdski |predecessor2 = Aslan bey Safikurdski |successor2 = office terminated |birth_date = {{birth-date|1875}} |birth_place = Ganja, Elisabethpol Governorate |death_date = {{death-date and age|1947|1875}} |death_place = Istanbul, Turkey |religion = Islam |branch = |serviceyears = |rank = |battles = }} Khalil bey Khasmammadov ({{lang-az|Xəlil bəy Xasməmmədov}}; 1873[1]–1947) was an Azerbaijani public figure, politician and diplomat. He served as a Member of the First and Second State Duma of the Russian Empire, Minister of Internal Affairs and Minister of Justice of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, and as the first Ambassador of Azerbaijan to Ottoman Turkey. Early lifeKhasmammadov was born to a family of lawyers in Elisavetpol (Ganja) in 1873 (on his grave: 1870).[2] He had four brothers. Khasmammadov graduated from Moscow State University with a degree in Law. İsmayil bey Gaspiranli played a significant role in shaping his thoughts.[3][4] His political activity started during the university years when he was a member of Muslim-Caucasus Fellow Countrymen Society. He then worked as an attorney in Yekaterinodar and Ganja district courts.[5] Political careerIn the fall of 1905, together with his brother Alakbar, Khasmammadov participated in the establishment of Difai (Defense), a clandestine political association in Ganja. The group, which also included intellectuals such as Nasib Yusifbeyli, Ismayil Ziyadkhanov, and Ahmed Bey Aghayev, sought to counter the activity of Armenian Revolutionary Federation.[6] Khasmammadov was a member of the first and second Russian Duma.[7] Along with five other Azerbaijani deputies,[8] in November 1911, he spoke in the Duma against a discriminatory practice of exempting Azeris and other Caucasian Muslims from military service in Russian Imperial forces, while levying them with a special tax.[9] As a member of Musavat Party, he was also closely involved with Azerbaijani national movement for autonomy within Russian Empire.[7] Khasmammadov has also been active during establishment of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in 1918. He was a member of Azerbaijani National Council and one of the co-signers of declaration of independence of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in Tiflis on May 28, 1918.[8][10][11] During the ADR period, Khasmammadov held ministerial posts in four of the five cabinets of Azerbaijani government.[7] Khasmammadov served as the first Minister of Justice from May 28, 1918 until June 17, 1918; Minister of Internal Affairs from December 26, 1918 through June 16, 1919; and again Minister of Justice from December 24, 1919[12] until April 1, 1920, the end of 5th cabinet.[13] He secured the cooperation of Defense, National Security and Internal Affairs ministries to face of external challenges against statehood. In the beginning of April 1920, Khasmammadov was appointed ADR's ambassador to Turkey, and upon his arrival to Istanbul, ADR government fell to Bolsheviks. He stayed in Turkey for the rest of his life and died in 1947. He was buried in Feriköy cemetery.[14] See also
References1. ^{{cite book |last1=Dilqəm |first1=Əhməd |title=Bir İldən Yüz İlə |date=2018 |publisher=TEAS Press |isbn=978 9952 310 47 4 |pages=55}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Khasmammadov, Khalil Bey}}2. ^{{cite book |last1=Əhməd |first1=Dilqəm |title=Bir İldən Yüz İlə |date=2018 |publisher=TEAS Press |location=Turkey |isbn=978 9952 310 47 4 |pages=55}} 3. ^{{cite book |last1=Əhməd |first1=Dilqəm |title=Bir ildən yüz ilə |date=2018 |publisher=TEAS Press |isbn=978 9952 310 47 4 |pages=55}} 4. ^Dilqəm Əhməd "Bir ildən yüz ilə" 5. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.azadliq.org/content/article/2051407.html |title=Tənha Cümhuriyyətçi… |date=2010-05-24 |accessdate=2011-02-01}} 6. ^{{cite book |title=Russia and Azerbaijan: A borderland in transition |last=Swietochowski |first=Tadeusz |authorlink= Tadeusz Swietochowski|year=1995 |publisher=Columbia University Press |location= |isbn=0-231-07068-3 |page=40 |pages= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pjDLcdzEju4C&pg=PA40 |accessdate=}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.deputat.az/partiya.php?id=1 |title=Information on Musavat |accessdate=2011-01-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101122052925/http://deputat.az/partiya.php?id=1 |archivedate=2010-11-22 |df= }} 8. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.azerbaijan.az/_StatePower/_LegislativePower/legislativePower_01_e.html |title=OUR INDEPENDENT STATE AND PARLIAMENT: 87 YEARS AGO AND TODAY |accessdate=2011-02-01}} 9. ^{{cite book |title=Empire, Islam, and Politics in Central Eurasia |last=Uyama |first=Tomohiko |authorlink= |year=2007 |publisher=Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido University |location= |isbn=4-938637-42-1 |page=52 |pages= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JrrXAAAAMAAJ |accessdate=}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dqmk.az/aze/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2316&Itemid=261&lang=az |title=İSTİQLAL BƏYANNAMƏSİNİN QƏBUL EDİLMƏSİ VƏ AZƏRBAYCAN XALQ CÜMHURİYYƏTİNİN YARANMASI |accessdate=2011-02-01 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110213024930/http://www.dqmk.az/aze/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2316&Itemid=261&lang=az |archivedate=2011-02-13 |df= }} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mct.gov.az/?/en/azerbaijan/2008/15 |title=People's Republic of Azerbaijan (May 1918 - April 1920) |accessdate=2011-02-01}} 12. ^{{cite book |title=British documents on foreign affairs: reports and papers from the Foreign Office confidential print. From the First to the Second World War. the Soviet Union, 1917-1939 |last=Watt |first=Donald Cameron |authorlink= |author2=Bourne, Kenneth |author3=Great Britain Foreign Office |year=1984 |publisher=University Publications of America |location= |isbn=0-89093-601-3 |page=3 |pages= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wrkkAQAAIAAJ |accessdate=}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://mia.gov.az/?/en/content/28998/ |title=Ministry of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan. Historic background of the MIA |accessdate=2011-02-01}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.justice.gov.az/museum.php |title=AZƏRBAYCAN ƏDLİYYƏSİNİN TARİXİ MUZEYİ |trans-title=Museum of Ministry of Justice of Azerbaijan |accessdate=2011-02-01}} 10 : 1875 births|1947 deaths|People from Ganja, Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan Democratic Republic politicians|Government ministers of Azerbaijan|Ambassadors of Azerbaijan to the Ottoman Empire|Members of the National Assembly of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic|Azerbaijani anti-communists|Azerbaijani emigrants to Turkey|Burials at Feriköy Cemetery |
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