| 释义 |
- Allies of World War II
- Cold War (1953–1962)
- Cold War (1962–1979)
- Cold War (1985–1991)
- See also
- References
- External links
Soviet Union–United States summits were held from 1943 to 1991. The topics discussed at the summits between the President of the United States and either the General Secretary or the Premier of the Soviet Union ranged from fighting the Axis Powers during World War II to arms control between the two superpowers themselves during the Cold War.[1]Allies of World War II{{Main|Allies of World War II}}| Date | Place | Country | President of the United States | General Secretary or Premier of the Soviet Union | Notes |
|---|
| November 28–December 1, 1943 | Tehran | Iran|1925}} [2] | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Joseph Stalin | Also in attendance Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom. See Tehran Conference | | February 4–11, 1945 | Yalta | Soviet Union}}[2] | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Joseph Stalin | Also in attendance Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom. First visit by a United States President to the Soviet Union.[3] See Yalta Conference | | July 17–August 2, 1945 | Potsdam | Allied-occupied Germany[4] | Harry S. Truman | Joseph Stalin | Also in attendance Prime Ministers Winston Churchill and Clement Attlee of the United Kingdom. See Potsdam Conference | |
Cold War (1953–1962){{Main|Cold War (1953–1962)}}| Date | Place | Country | President of the United States | General Secretary or Premier of the Soviet Union | Notes |
|---|
| July 18–23, 1955 | Geneva | Switzerland}}[5] | Dwight D. Eisenhower | Nikita Khrushchev and Nikolai Bulganin | Also in attendance Prime Minister Anthony Eden of the United Kingdom and Prime Minister Edgar Faure of France. See Geneva Summit | | September 15, 26–27, 1959 | Washington, D.C. and Camp David | United States}}[7][6] | Dwight D. Eisenhower | Nikita Khrushchev | First visit by a Soviet leader to the United States. | | May 16–17, 1960 | Paris | France}}[5] | Dwight D. Eisenhower | Nikita Khrushchev | Also in attendance Prime Minister Harold Macmillan of the United Kingdom and President Charles de Gaulle of France. Khrushchev left the summit due to the dispute over the 1960 U-2 incident. | | June 3–4, 1961 | Vienna | Austria}}[7] | John F. Kennedy | Nikita Khrushchev | See Vienna Summit | |
Cold War (1962–1979){{Main|Cold War (1962–1979)}}| Date | Place | Country | President of the United States | General Secretary or Premier of the Soviet Union | Notes |
|---|
| June 23 and 25, 1967 | Glassboro | United States}}[8] | Lyndon B. Johnson | Alexei Kosygin | See Glassboro Summit Conference | | May 22–30, 1972 | Moscow | Soviet Union}}[9] | Richard Nixon | Leonid Brezhnev and Alexei Kosygin | Signing of the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, the first Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I), and the U.S.–Soviet Incidents at Sea Agreement. See Moscow Summit (1972). | | June 18–25, 1973 | Washington, D.C. | United States}}[8] | Richard Nixon | Leonid Brezhnev and Alexei Kosygin | Signing of the Agreement on the Prevention of Nuclear War. | | June 28–July 3, 1974 | Moscow | Soviet Union}}[9] | Richard Nixon | Leonid Brezhnev | Signing of the Threshold Test Ban Treaty (TTBT). | | November 23–24, 1974 | Vladivostok | Soviet Union}}[10] | Gerald Ford | Leonid Brezhnev | See Vladivostok Summit Meeting on Arms Control | | July 30 and August 2, 1975 | Helsinki | Finland}}[10] | Gerald Ford | Leonid Brezhnev | See Helsinki Accords and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe | | June 15–18, 1979 | Vienna | Austria}}[11] | Jimmy Carter | Leonid Brezhnev | Signing of the second Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT II). | |
Cold War (1985–1991){{Main|Cold War (1985–1991)}}| Date | Place | Country | President of the United States | General Secretary or Premier of the Soviet Union | Notes |
|---|
| November 19–21, 1985 | Geneva | Switzerland}}[12] | Ronald Reagan | Mikhail Gorbachev | See Geneva Summit | | October 10–12, 1986 | Reykjavík | Iceland}}[12] | Ronald Reagan | Mikhail Gorbachev | See Reykjavík Summit | | December 7–10, 1987 | Washington, D.C. | United States}}[8] | Ronald Reagan | Mikhail Gorbachev | Signing of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty. See Washington Summit. | | May 29–June 1, 1988 | Moscow | {{flag|Soviet Union}}[12] | Ronald Reagan | Mikhail Gorbachev | See Moscow Summit (1988). | | December 7, 1988 | New York City | United States}}[8] | Ronald Reagan | Mikhail Gorbachev | Also in attendance President-elect George H. W. Bush. Gorbachev left the summit early due to the 1988 Spitak earthquake which struck the Armenian S.S.R. that same day. | | December 2–3, 1989 | Valletta | Malta}}[13] | George H. W. Bush | Mikhail Gorbachev | See Malta Summit | | May 30–June 3, 1990 | Washington, D.C. | United States}}[8] | George H. W. Bush | Mikhail Gorbachev | Signing of the 1990 Chemical Weapons Accord | | September 9, 1990 | Helsinki | Finland}}[13] | George H. W. Bush | Mikhail Gorbachev | Discussed the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.[14] See Helsinki Summit | | November 19, 1990 | Paris | France}} [13] | George H. W. Bush | Mikhail Gorbachev | Signing of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe. | | July 17, 1991 | London | United Kingdom}}[13] | George H. W. Bush | Mikhail Gorbachev | Held in conjunction with the 17th G7 Summit. | | July 30–31, 1991 | Moscow | {{flag|Soviet Union}}[13] | George H. W. Bush | Mikhail Gorbachev | Signing of the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START I). | | October 29–30, 1991 | Madrid | Spain}}[13] | George H. W. Bush | Mikhail Gorbachev | Held in conjunction with the Madrid Conference of 1991. | |
See also{{Div col}}- Arms control
- Cold War
- Détente
- Foreign policy of the United States
- Foreign relations of the Soviet Union
- List of international trips made by the President of the United States
- Nuclear disarmament
- Soviet Union–United States relations
{{div col end}}References1. ^Fain III, W. Taylor "Chronology: US-Soviet summits, 1943-1991" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111109051926/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1584/is_n32_v2/ai_11317240/?tag=content%3Bcol1 |date=2011-11-09 }} US Department of State Dispatch, August 12, 1991
2. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/roosevelt-franklin-d |title=Travels of President Franklin D. Roosevelt |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/63gnJLpqs?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/roosevelt-franklin-d |archivedate=2011-12-04 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/russia |title=Presidents Travels to Russia |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64PB46AE9?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/russia |archivedate=2012-01-03 |deadurl=no |df= }}
4. ^{{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/truman-harry-s |title=Travels of President Harry S. Truman |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/63go7tl43?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/truman-harry-s |archivedate=2011-12-04 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
5. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/eisenhower-dwight-d |title=Travels of President Dwight D. Eisenhower |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/63goC10Wd?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/eisenhower-dwight-d |archivedate=2011-12-04 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1959/Khrushchev-Visits-the-United-States/12295509433704-8/ |title=1959 Year In Review Khrushchev Visits the United States |publisher=United Press International |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64SGRRTiR?url=http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1959/Khrushchev-Visits-the-United-States/12295509433704-8/ |archivedate=2012-01-05 |deadurl=no |df= }}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/kennedy-john-f |title=Travels of President John F. Kennedy |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/63goGt8ev?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/kennedy-john-f |archivedate=2011-12-04 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
8. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/visits/russia |title=Visits By Foreign Leaders of Russia |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64SFxxL8f?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/visits/russia |archivedate=2012-01-05 |deadurl=no |df= }}
9. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/nixon-richard-m |title=Travels of President Richard M. Nixon |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/63goRswKm?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/nixon-richard-m |archivedate=2011-12-04 |deadurl=no |df= }}
10. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/ford-gerald-r |title=Travels of President Gerald R. Ford |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/63goWGZIu?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/ford-gerald-r |archivedate=2011-12-04 |deadurl=no |df= }}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/carter-jimmy |title=Travels of President Jimmy Carter |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/63goarqHc?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/carter-jimmy |archivedate=2011-12-04 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
12. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/reagan-ronald |title=Travels of President Ronald Reagan |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/63gpFw8s3?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/reagan-ronald |archivedate=2011-12-04 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
13. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/bush-george-h-w |title=Travels of President George H. W. Bush |publisher=U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/63gpLb7Kk?url=http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/bush-george-h-w |archivedate=2011-12-04 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=18810#axzz1Kh9DPkjW |title=Joint News Conference of President Bush and Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev in Helsinki, Finland September 9, 1990 |publisher=The American Presidency Project |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64SGmHxCq?url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=18810 |archivedate=January 5, 2012 |deadurl=no |df= }}
External links- [https://web.archive.org/web/20140421115659/https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/552529 Zbigniew Brzezinski interviewed about the summits] from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20120312181034/http://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/552494/browse?type=title Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives]
- {{cite web|url=http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1987/121087d.htm |title=Address to the Nation on the Soviet-United States Summit Meeting December 10, 1987 |publisher=Ronald Reagan Presidential Library |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64SH7roDr?url=http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1987/121087d.htm |archivedate=January 5, 2012 |deadurl=no |df= }}
- {{cite web|url=http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB261/index.htm |title=Reagan, Gorbachev and Bush at Governor's Island |publisher=The National Security Archive |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64SHTEdAJ?url=http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB261/index.htm |archivedate=2012-01-05 |deadurl=no |df= }}
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