| 词条 | Loening OL | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Loening OL, also known as the Loening Amphibian, was an American two-seat amphibious biplane built by Loening for the United States Army Air Corps and the United States Navy. Design and developmentFirst flown in 1923, the OL was a high-performance amphibian with a large single hull and stabilizing floats fitted underneath each lower wing. The landing gear was retractable by use of a hand crank in the cockpit, and the plane was equipped with a tailskid for operations on land. It had a tandem open cockpit for a crew of two. The aircraft could be flown from either cockpit, with a wheel control in the forward cockpit and a removable stick control in the rear. Navigation and engine instruments were located in the forward cockpit. The hull was built of Duralumin on a wooden frame, with five watertight compartments connected through a selector switch to a bilge pump in the rear cockpit. Plugs in the bottom of each compartment permitted drainage on the ground. The fuselage was constructed on top of the hull. The aircraft was strength-tested at Columbia University.[1] The United States Army Air Corps ordered four prototypes as the XCOA-1, powered by a 400-hp Liberty V-1650-1 engine mounted inverted for clearance of the three-bladed variable-pitch steel propeller. The engine came with a fire suppression sprinkler system and was encased in a streamlined cowling to protect it from sea spray. Oil from a tank in the fuselage was cooled by passing through a spiral copper tube exposed to the slipstream on top of the cowling. The fuel tanks were mounted inside the hull, with a 140-gallon (530-liter) gasoline tank under the wings, and a reserve 60-gallon (230-liter) gasoline-benzol tank between the cockpits. Total fuel capacity provided for roughly ten hours of flight. A number of variants were introduced for both the Army and the Navy. During later production, the company merged with the Keystone Aircraft Corporation. Variants
Four prototypes powered by 400-hp V-1650-1 engines, three later to COA-1
Three prototypes and nine production aircraft for the Army Air Service
Army production aircraft with redesigned vertical tail and powered by a 420-hp, water-cooled Liberty V-12 engine that was mounted inverted, 15 built
One prototype with a single retractable mainwheel and skids fitted to wing floats, powered by an inverted V-12 Wright Typhoon,[1] redeignated XO-10 before delivery in 1929
Same as an OA-1A with a water-cooled V-1650-1 engine, nine built
OA-1B with redesigned fin and rudder, ten built
OA-1C with 480hp Wright IV-1460-1 engine modified tail surfaces and forward-firing machine gun moved to port upper wing, eight built
One XOA-1A redesignated before delivery by the U.S. Army[2]
Naval version with third cockpit, two prototypes powered by a 440-hp Packard 1A-1500
Naval version similar to the COA-1, five built
OL-1 powered by a 475-hp Packard 1A-1500 and other detail changes, four built
OL-3 powered by a 400-hp V-1650-2 engine, six built
Three of these were built for the U.S. Coast Guard in 1926.[3][4]
OL-3 with a redesigned vertical tail as OA-1C, 28 built
One OL-6 fitted with experimental thicker wing
One OL-6 re-engined with a 450-hp Pratt & Whitney R-1340-2 engine
As XOL-8 with two cockpits and a 450-hp R-1340-4 engine, 20 built
An OL-8 fitted with arrestor gear, 20 built
An OL-9 with equipment changes, 26 built
An improved version of the OL-6, prototype only
A development of the OA-2 with a 200-hp R-1340-0 engine, project cancelled Operators
Specifications (OL-9){{aerospecs|ref=The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 2376 |met or eng?=eng |crew=two |capacity= |length m=10.59 |length ft=34 |length in=9 |span m=13.72 |span ft=45 |span in=0 |swept m= |swept ft= |swept in= |rot number= |rot dia m= |rot dia ft= |rot dia in= |dia m= |dia ft= |dia in= |width m= |width ft= |width in= |height m=3.89 |height ft=12 |height in=9 |wing area sqm=46.82 |wing area sqft=504 |swept area sqm= |swept area sqft= |rot area sqm= |rot area sqft= |volume m3= |volume ft3= |aspect ratio= |empty weight kg=1655 |empty weight lb=3649 |gross weight kg=2451 |gross weight lb=5404 |lift kg= |lift lb= |eng1 number=1 |eng1 type=Pratt & Whitney R-1340-4 Wasp radial piston engine |eng1 kw=336 |eng1 hp=450 |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |eng1 kn-ab= |eng1 lbf-ab= |eng2 number= |eng2 type= |eng2 kw= |eng2 hp= |eng2 kn= |eng2 lbf= |eng2 kn-ab= |eng2 lbf-ab= |max speed kmh=196 |max speed mph=122 |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |range km=1006 |range miles=625 |endurance h= |endurance min= |ceiling m=4360 |ceiling ft=14,300 |glide ratio= |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= |sink rate ms= |sink rate ftmin= |armament1= |armament2= |armament3= |armament4= |armament5= |armament6= }} See also{{aircontent|see also= |related=
|similar aircraft=
|sequence= |lists=
}} References1. ^1 {{cite journal|magazine=Sport Aviation|date=May 1960}} 2. ^{{cite journal|magazine=Popular Mechanics|date=December 1929}} 3. ^1 "Air Stations", Historic Coast Guard Air Stations, U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office 4. ^1 Record of Movements, p 665
External links{{Commons category inline}}{{Loening aircraft}}{{USN observation aircraft}}{{USAAF observation aircraft}} 6 : United States military reconnaissance aircraft 1920–1929|Floatplanes|Loening aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Biplanes|Aircraft first flown in 1923 |
|||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。