| 词条 | London 1883 chess tournament | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The London 1883 chess tournament was a strong chess tournament among most of the leading players of the day. It was won convincingly by Johannes Zukertort (22 points out of 26) ahead of Wilhelm Steinitz (with 19 points). Remarkably, Zukertort was already assured of victory with three rounds to go, having scored an astonishing 22/23. He then lost his last three games against relatively weak players, probably due to exhaustion. The tournament established Zukertort as rivalling Steinitz to claim to be the best player in the world,[1] and led to the World Chess Championship 1886 match between the two (the first official World Chess Championship match). The event was a double round-robin tournament. Marmaduke Wyvill contributed to organizing the tournament. The tournament was also notable for the first use of the double-sided chess clock, manufactured by T.B. Wilson of Manchester. A common story relates to an incident that occurred at the tournament banquet, when the St. George Chess Club President proposed a toast to the best chess player in the world and both Steinitz and Zukertort stood up at the same time to thank him. Research by Edward Winter suggests that this story has been embellished.[2] The tournament book was dedicated to Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, for his patronage of the tournament.[3] {{clear}}CrosstableThe results and standings:[4]
In this tournament a game ending in a draw was replayed at least twice. The third game after two draws would count, whatever the result. References1. ^{{ cite web | title=Early Uses of ‘World Chess Champion’ | url=http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/champion.html | author=Edward Winter (chess historian)}} 2. ^Chess Notes 4360, by Edward Winter, 13 May 2006 3. ^{{citation|url=http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/winter17.html#4044._Prince_Leopold_Duke_of_Albany|title=4044. Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany|work=Chess Notes|first=Edward|last=Winter|authorlink=Edward Winter (chess historian)|date=4 December 2005|accessdate=13 August 2012}} 4. ^Crosstable External links1883 London Tournament, Mark Weeks' Chess Pages {{Chess|state=collapsed}} 8 : Chess competitions|Chess in London|1883 in chess|1883 in London|1883 in English sport|April 1883 sports events|May 1883 sports events|June 1883 sports events |
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