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词条 Markus Persson
释义

  1. Biography

  2. Personal life

  3. Games

      Minecraft    Scrolls    0x10c    Ludum Dare entries  

  4. Controversies over political opinions

  5. In popular culture

  6. References

  7. External links

{{BLP sources|date=November 2018}}{{pp-blp|small=yes}}{{EngvarB|date=October 2014}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}{{Infobox person
| name = Markus Persson
| image = Notch receives the Pioneer Award at GDC 2016 (cropped).jpg
| image_size = 220px
| caption = Persson at the 2016 Game Developers Conference
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1979|06|01}}
| birth_place = Stockholm, Sweden
| residence = Beverly Hills, California
| nationality = Swedish
| birth_name = Markus Alexej Persson
| other_names = Notch
| known_for = Minecraft
| spouse = {{marriage|Elin Zetterstrand|2011|2012|reason=divorced}}
| website = {{URL|http://notch.tumblr.com|notch.tumblr.com}}
{{URL|https://twitter.com/notch|Twitter}}
| networth = US$1.4 billion (December 2018)[1]
}}

Markus Alexej Persson ({{IPA-sv|ˈmarkɵs ˈpæːʂɔn|lang|Sv-Markus_Persson.ogg}}; born 1 June 1979),[2] better known as Notch, is a Swedish video game programmer and designer. He is best known for creating the sandbox video game Minecraft and for founding the video game company Mojang in 2010, alongside Carl Manneh and Jakob Porser.

Persson's principal venture for founding Mojang was Minecraft which gained popularity and support since its tech demo in 2009.[3] Since then, he has gained significant notability within the video game industry, winning multiple awards and establishing relations with the industry's figureheads.[4] He retained his position as the lead designer of Minecraft until the game's official launch in 2011, after which he transferred creative authority to Jens Bergensten.[5] In November 2014, he left Mojang after its acquisition by Microsoft for $2.5 billion.[6]

Biography

Persson was born in Stockholm,[7] Sweden, to a Finnish mother and a Swedish father on 1 June 1979.[8] He lived in Edsbyn for the first seven years of his life[9] before his family moved back to Stockholm.[10] He began programming on his father's Commodore 128 home computer at the age of seven.[11] Having experimented with various type-in programs he produced his first game at the age of eight, a text-based adventure game.[9][11] Professionally he had worked as a game developer for King for over four years, until 2009.[9][11] Afterwards he worked as a programmer for Jalbum.[12] He is also one of the founders of Wurm Online,[13] though he no longer works on it.[12] Outside of work, he has made seven games for competitions.[12] He is the central figure of The Story of Mojang, a documentary by 2 Player Productions about the rise of Minecraft and Mojang.

Personal life

Persson is a member of the Swedish chapter of Mensa.[14] On 13 August 2011, he married Elin Zetterstrand.{{cn|date=November 2018}} On 15 August 2012, he announced that he was single again.[15]

Persson has criticized both piracy[16] and the stance of large game companies on piracy;[17] additionally, he is a member of the Pirate Party of Sweden.[18] He is an atheist and one of the principal donors to Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders).[19] Under his direction, Mojang contributed a week to developing Catacomb Snatch for the Humble Indie Bundle; the $458,248 raised was donated to charity.[20]

In December 2014, Persson purchased a home in Trousdale for $70 million, a record sales price for Beverly Hills at the time.[21]

Games

Minecraft

{{main|Minecraft}}

Persson's most popular creation is the survival sandbox game Minecraft, which was released on 18 November 2011.[22] Persson left his job as a game developer to work on Minecraft full-time until completion. In early 2011, Mojang AB sold the one millionth copy of the game, several months later their second, and several more their third. Mojang hired several new staff members for the Minecraft team, while Persson passed the lead developer role to Jens Bergensten. A version for Android and iOS, the Pocket Edition, has also been released. An Xbox 360 edition of Minecraft was released on 9 May 2012. The Xbox edition features updates including a tutorial and skin packs.[23] He has stopped working on Minecraft after a deal with Microsoft to sell Mojang for $2.5 billion. This brought his net worth to US$1.5 billion.[24]

Scrolls

{{main|Scrolls (video game)}}

Persson and Jakob Porsér came up with the idea for Scrolls including elements from board games and collectible card games.{{Citation needed|date=May 2016}} Persson noted that he will not be actively involved in development of the game and that Porsér will be developing it.{{Citation needed|date=May 2016}} Persson revealed on his tumblr blog on 5 August 2011 that he was being sued by a Swedish law firm representing Bethesda Softworks over the trademarked name of Scrolls, claiming that it conflicted with their The Elder Scrolls series of games.[25] On 17 August 2011, Persson challenged Bethesda to a Quake 3 tournament to decide the outcome of the naming dispute.[26] On 27 September 2011, Persson confirmed that the lawsuit was going to court.[27] ZeniMax Media, owner of Bethesda Softworks, announced the lawsuit’s settlement in March 2012.[28][29] The settlement allowed Mojang to continue using the Scrolls trademark.[30]

0x10c

{{main|0x10c|l1=0x10c}}

Following the end to his involvement with Minecraft, Persson began pre-production of an alternate reality space game set in the distant future in March 2012. On April Fools' Day, Mojang launched a satirical website for Mars Effect (parody of Mass Effect), citing the lawsuit with Bethesda as an inspiration.[31] However, the gameplay elements remained true and on 4 April, Mojang revealed 0x10c (pronounced Ten to the C) as a space sandbox title.[32] Persson officially halted game production in August 2013. However, C418, the composer of the game's soundtrack (as well as that of Minecraft), released an album of the work he had made for the game.[33]

Ludum Dare entries

Persson has also participated in several Ludum Dare 48-hour game making competitions.[34]

  • Breaking the Tower was a game Persson developed for the entry to the Ludum Dare No. 12 competition.{{Citation needed|date=May 2016}} The game takes place on a small island, where the player must gather resources, construct buildings, and train soldiers in order to destroy a large tower on this island. The game received brief gaming media attention.[35][36]
  • Metagun is a 2D platformer created for Ludum Dare no. 18.[37]
  • Prelude of the Chambered is a game Persson developed for the entry to the Ludum Dare No. 21 competition. Prelude of the Chambered is a short first-person dungeon crawler video game.{{Citation needed|date=May 2016}}
  • Minicraft is a game developed for Ludum Dare No. 22, held 16–19 December 2011.[38][39] It is a small top-down game with similarities to Zelda and influenced by Minecraft. It is written in Java.{{Citation needed|date=May 2016}}

Controversies over political opinions

Starting around 2017, Persson began receiving criticism for political and social opinions he expressed on Twitter. In July 2017, he tweeted in support of a heterosexual pride day. After facing community backlash, he deleted the tweets and walked back his statements, writing in one tweet, "So yeah, it's about pride of daring to express, not about pride of being who you are. I get it now."[40]

In November 2017, Persson was criticized for posting a tweet that read, "It's ok to be white." In follow-up tweets, he said he believed privilege is a "made up metric." Critics of Persson said his message was "tone-deaf" and "ignorant"; The Root called the tweets a "white-privilege meltdown."[41]

An update to Minecraft released in March 2019 by Microsoft removed all mention of Persson's involvement or name from the game's loading screens, though is still in the game credits. Kotaku has reached out to Microsoft for clarification but believes it is related to the criticism Persson has received for his social media commentary.[42]

In popular culture

In the video game Faster Than Light, one of the random default names that the crew can have is 'Notch'.[43] Skyrim features a unique item called the "Notched Pickaxe", named after Persson.[44]

Persson made an appearance in the movie The Story of Mojang.

In 2014, he joined alongside Arin Hanson, Brian Wecht and Dan Avidan to provide backing vocals for one of the tracks on their album Player Select, titled "Minecraft is for Everyone!" which parodies Minecraft.

Persson has been written about extensively by {{ill|Linus Larsson|sv}} and {{ill|Daniel Goldberg (writer)|lt=Daniel Goldberg|sv|Daniel Goldberg}} in Minecraft and Minecraft, Second Edition, the English language translations have been published by Seven Stories Press.[45]

References

1. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/markus-persson/|title=Markus Persson|work=Forbes|access-date=December 10, 2018|language=en}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://notch.tumblr.com/post/113753678/turning-30-is-scary|title=Turning 30 is scary.|work=Tumblr|first=Markus|last=Persson|date=29 May 2009|accessdate=22 February 2011}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://pc.ign.com/articles/113/1133465p1.html|title=This is Minecraft|publisher=IGN|first=Jeremy|last=Ashdown|date=11 November 2010|accessdate=8 March 2012}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.wired.com/magazine/tag/markus-persson/|title=How the Creator of Minecraft Developed a Monster Hit|publisher=Wired|first=David|last=Thomas|date=29 November 2011|accessdate=3 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303065347/http://www.wired.com/magazine/tag/markus-persson/|archivedate=3 March 2012}}
5. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.joystiq.com/2011/12/02/notch-steps-down-as-lead-developer-on-minecraft-to-focus-on-new |title=Notch steps down as lead developer on Minecraft to focus on 'new project' |publisher=Joystiq |first= Christopher |last=Grant |date=2 December 2011 |accessdate=8 March 2012}}
6. ^{{cite web |first1=Daniel |last1=Goldberg |first2=Linus |last2=Larsson |url= https://www.wired.com/2015/06/minecraft-book-excerpt |title=The Unlikely Story of Microsoft's Surprise Minecraft Buyout |date=2 June 2015 |work=Wired |publisher= Condé Nast }}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/notch/status/258479708449173504 |title=Twitter / notch: Wikipedia has a policy that ... |work=Twitter |first=Markus |last= Persson |date=17 October 2012 |accessdate= 17 October 2012}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/blogs/cat_fernim/2011/09/21/20-things-you-might-not-know-about-notch|title=20 Things You Might Not Know About Notch|work=IGN|author=Cat_Fernim|date=21 September 2011|accessdate=22 August 2012}}
9. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySRgVo1X_18|title=Minecraft: The Story of Mojang|work=YouTube|author=2 Player Productions|date=8 November 2013|accessdate=2 May 2014}}
10. ^{{cite news|last=Peisner|first=David|title=The Wizard of Minecraft|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/the-wizard-of-minecraft-20140507|accessdate=16 May 2014|newspaper=Rolling Stone|date=7 May 2014}}
11. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/27719/Interview_Markus_Notch_Persson_Talks_Making_Minecraft.php|title=Interview: Markus 'Notch' Persson Talks Making Minecraft|publisher=Gamasutra|first=Alex|last=Handy|date=23 March 2010|accessdate=26 June 2010|quote=my first own program when I was eight years old. It was an extremely basic text adventure game}}
12. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.gamasutra.com/view/pressreleases/164329/MINECRAFT_MASTERMIND_MARKUS_PERSSON_TO_RECEIVE_BAFTA_SPECIALAWARD.php|title=MINECRAFT MASTERMIND MARKUS PERSSON TO RECEIVE BAFTA SPECIAL AWARD|publisher=Gamasutra|first=Kristoff|last=Clark|date=5 March 2012}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pcgamer.com/2010/07/29/community-heroes-notch-for-minecraft/|title=Community heroes: Notch, for Minecraft|publisher=PC Gamer|first=Jaz|last=McDougall|date=29 July 2010|accessdate=3 August 2010}}
14. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.aftonbladet.se/nojesbladet/spela/article8210456.ab|title=Minecraft kan bli fyra gånger större|publisher=Aftonbladet|first=Jonas|last=Högberg|date=1 December 2010|accessdate=30 January 2014|language=Swedish}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/notch/status/235746965823033345|title=Twitter / notch: As of today, I am single.|work=Twitter|first=Markus|last=Persson|date=15 August 2012|accessdate=15 August 2012}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/gjrf4/iama_indie_game_developer_who_made_a_commercially/c1o1ule?context=1|title=IAmA indie game developer who made a commercially successful game. AMAA|work=reddit|first=Markus|last=Persson|date=6 April 2011|accessdate=18 July 2011}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pcgamer.com/2011/03/02/notch-on-piracy-if-a-pirated-game-is-a-lost-sale-should-bad-reviews-be-illegal/|title=Notch on piracy: "if a pirated game is a lost sale, should bad reviews be illegal?"| publisher=PC Gamer|first=Tim|last=Edwards|date=2 March 2011|accessdate=18 July 2011}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://torrentfreak.com/piracy-is-theft-ridiculous-lost-sales-they-dont-exist-says-minecraft-creator-110303/|title= Piracy is Theft? Ridiculous. Lost Sales? They Don't Exist, Says Minecraft Creator | publisher=TorrentFreak|author=Enigmax|date=3 March 2011|accessdate=18 July 2011}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dailydot.com/society/reddit-atheists-doctors-without-borders-charity/|title=Reddit atheists upvote fundraising for Doctors Without Borders|publisher=The Daily Dot|first=Kevin|last=Morris|date=5 December 2011|accessdate=14 March 2012}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-02-20-humble-bundle-mojam-raises-nearly-USD500k-for-charity|title=Humble Bundle Mojam raises nearly $500k for charity|publisher=Eurogamer|first=Wesley|last=Yin-Poole|date=20 February 2012}}
21. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/erincarlyle/2014/12/18/minecraft-billionaire-markus-persson-buys-70-million-beverly-hills-contemporary-with-car-lift/#690727f72a3b |title='Minecraft' Billionaire Markus Persson Buys $70 Million Beverly Hills Contemporary with Car Lift |first=Erin |last=Carlyle |date=December 18, 2014 |work=Forbes}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gamezone.com/news/minecraft-release-date-and-time-officially-announced|title=Minecraft Release Date and Time Officially Announced|publisher=GameZone|first=Matt|last=Liebl|date=18 November 2011}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://majornelson.com/2012/03/22/announcing-arcade-next/|title=Announcing ‘Arcade Next’|work=Major Nelson|date=22 March 2012}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://business.financialpost.com/2014/09/10/minecraft-founder-markus-persson-from-indie-tech-champion-to-potential-billionaire-on-microsoft-deal/|title=Minecraft founder Markus Persson: From ‘indie’ tech champion to potential billionaire on Microsoft deal|accessdate=11 September 2014|quote=He’s also collected more than US$100 million in dividends since 2011, which would give him a total net worth of US$1.5 billion, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index.}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2011/08/elder-scrolls-vs-minecraft-dev-scrolls-is-our-word/|title=Elder Scrolls vs. Minecraft dev: "scrolls" is our word|first=Andrew|last=Webster|date=10 August 2011|accessdate=12 July 2012}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2011/08/minecraft-maker-jokingly-calls-quake-challenge-poor-choice-vows-fight/|title=Minecraft maker jokingly calls Quake challenge "poor choice," vows fight|first=Jason|last=Schreier|date=19 August 2011|accessdate=12 July 2012}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/notch/status/118644693801250816|title=Twitter / notch: The Scrolls case is going to ...|work=Twitter|first=Markus|last=Persson|date=27 September 2011|accessdate=27 September 2011}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tomshardware.com/news/ZeniMax-Mojang-Bethesda-Scrolls-Trademark,14982.html|title=ZeniMax, Mojang Settle "Scrolls" Dispute|first= Kevin |last=Parrish |date=12 March 2012|accessdate=28 May 2014}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://notch.tumblr.com/post/10814623188/the-eventual-release-and-the-legal-documents|title=The eventual release, and the legal documents|work=Tumblr|first=Markus|last=Persson|date=29 September 2011|accessdate=30 September 2011}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2012/03/bethesda-mojang-settle-trademark-dispute-over-scrolls-name/|title=Bethesda, Mojang settle trademark dispute over Scrolls name|first=Kyle|last=Orland|date=12 March 2012|accessdate=12 July 2012}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shadowlocked.com/201203312487/news/minecraft-creator-scores-april-fool-with-project-mars-effect.html|title=MINECRAFT CREATOR SCORES APRIL FOOL WITH 'MARS EFFECT'|publisher=Shadowlocked|first=Rebecca|last=Fields|date=31 March 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403183008/http://www.shadowlocked.com/201203312487/news/minecraft-creator-scores-april-fool-with-project-mars-effect.html|archivedate=3 April 2012|df=dmy-all}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexknapp/2012/04/03/mojang-registers-website-for-its-new-game-0x10c/|title=Mojang Registers Website For Its New Game '0x10c'|publisher=Forbes|first=Alex|last=Knapp|date=3 April 2012}}
33. ^Andy Chalk, Minecraft composer releases 0x10c tracks, muses on Notch's departure from Mojang, PC Gamer, 17 September 2014.
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ludumdare.com/compo/author/notch/|title=Notch Ludum Dare|first=Markus|last=Persson|year=2011|accessdate=18 August 2012}}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2008/08/20/breaking-the-tower/|first=Jim|last=Rossignol|title=Breaking The Tower|publisher=Rock, Paper, Shotgun|date=20 August 2008|accessdate=2 January 2012}}
36. ^{{cite web| url=http://www.indiegames.com/blog/2008/08/browser_game_pick_breaking_the.html|title=Browser Game Pick: Breaking the Tower (Markus Persson)|publisher=IndieGames.com|author=Tim W.|date=19 August 2008|accessdate=2 January 2012}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2010/08/26/person-shooter-metagun/|title=Person Shooter: Metagun|publisher=Rock, Paper, Shotgun|first=Alec|last=Meer|date=26 August 2010|accessdate=2 January 2012}}
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gamesradar.com/markus-notch-persson-creates-minicraft-two-days/|title=Markus "Notch" Persson creates Minicraft in two days|publisher=GamesRadar|first=Matt|last=Bradford|date=20 December 2011|accessdate=2 January 2012}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2011-12-19-notch-makes-minicraft-in-two-days|title=Notch makes Minicraft in two days|publisher=Eurogamer.net|first=Wesley|last=Yin-Poole|date=19 December 2011|accessdate=2 January 2012}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://fortune.com/2017/07/02/minecraft-markus-persson-homophobia/|title=Minecraft Creator Sparks Cries of Homophobia|last=Morris|first=David Z.|date=July 2, 2017|work=Fortune|publisher=Time Inc.|accessdate=December 3, 2017}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theroot.com/minecraft-creator-goes-full-white-privilege-denying-whi-1820904201|title=‘Minecraft’ Creator Goes Full White Man Denying White Privilege on Twitter|last=Judge|first=Monique|date=November 30, 2017|work=The Root|accessdate=December 3, 2017}}
42. ^{{cite web | url =https://kotaku.com/minecraft-update-removes-mentions-of-notch-the-games-c-1833624305 | title = Minecraft Update Removes Mentions Of Notch, The Game's Creator | first = Luke | last =Plunkett | date = March 27, 2019 | accessdate = March 27, 2019 | work = Kotaku }}
43. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.vgfacts.com/trivia/8498/|title=FTL: Faster Than Light|publisher=VGFacts|author=Dazz|accessdate=2017-08-02|quote=The random default names for the crew were given by people who had pledged to the game's Kickstarter. Two notable default names are: Notch, creator of Minecraft, and Vitas Varnas, actor, occasional Game Grumps contributor, and writer for VGFacts and Did You Know Gaming?}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gamezone.com/news/notch-responds-to-minecraft-themed-pickaxe-in-skyrim|title=Notch Responds to Minecraft-Themed Pickaxe in Skyrim - GameZone|date=3 October 2012|publisher=}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.sevenstories.com/authors/126-daniel-goldberg |title=Books | Seven Stories Press |publisher=Sevenstories.com |date= |accessdate=2017-03-29}}

External links

{{Commons category}}{{Wikiquote}}
  • {{IMDb name|4573217}}
  • {{tumblr|notch}}
  • {{twitter|notch}}
  • {{official website|https://minecraft.net|Official Minecraft website}}
{{Portal bar|Biography|Video games|Sweden}}{{Mojang}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Persson, Markus}}

16 : 1979 births|BAFTA winners (people)|Living people|Mojang|People from Stockholm|People from Beverly Hills, California|Pseudonymous artists|Swedish atheists|Swedish computer programmers|Swedish philanthropists|Video game designers|Video game programmers|Mensans|Swedish people of Finnish descent|Swedish electronic musicians|Swedish billionaires
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