| 词条 | McMillenville, Arizona |
| 释义 |
|official_name = McMillenville, Arizona |settlement_type = Populated place |image_skyline = |image_caption = |imagesize = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |pushpin_map = Arizona#USA |pushpin_label = McMillenville |pushpin_label_position = right |map_caption = Location in the state of Arizona |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_name1 = Arizona |subdivision_name2 = Gila |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = Established |established_date = circa 1876 |extinct_title = Abandoned |extinct_date = circa 1886 |named_for = Charles McMillen |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |elevation_footnotes = [1] |elevation_ft = 4442 |elevation_m = 1354 |population_as_of = |population_footnotes = |population_total = |population_metro = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = MST (no DST) |utc_offset = -7 |coordinates = {{coord|33|33|17|N|110|40|44|W|region:US-AZ|display=inline,title}} |website = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |GNIS_id = |blank_name = Post Office Opened |blank_info = November 12, 1877 |blank1_name = Post Office Closed |blank1_info = October 12, 1882 |footnotes = }} McMillenville, also known as McMillianville or McMillanville, is a populated place in Gila County, Arizona. Silver ore was discovered by chance in 1876 by Theodore H. Harris and Charles McMillen, and the town formed around the ore deposits. HistoryOn March 26, 1876, Harris and McMillen were heading 28 miles northeast of Globe on a prospecting trip. While traveling through the White Mountains McMillen got off his horse as he was too hungover to proceed farther. He went to sleep so Harris stopped, dismounted and sat down on a nearby ledge. Boredom led Harris to drive his pick into the rock and discovered silver. The pair founded the Stonewall Jackson mine which eventually turned into McMillenville, named after the drunken McMillen. The town grew fast and a year later on November 12, 1877, a post office was opened. At its peak, 1,000 settlers lived there. The town soon was bolstered with several adobe saloons, dance halls, boarding houses, casinos, as well as homes for hundreds of people, public buildings and the mining structures. The town's first bloodshed came in 1880 over a mining claim dispute. Jack Brown the founder of the claim established a camp which another prospector intended to exploit. After Jack Brown and his killer had a long argument, the two met on the main street and fought a duel. Both men fired their revolvers true and they both died from a gunshot wound seconds later. McMillenville's peak was in 1880, the original five-stamp mill was replaced with by twenty-stamps. A new hoisting mechanism was erected for lifting ore out of the shaft. Silver ingots here taken about 100 miles to Casa Grande. The town was booming until 1882 when Geronimo's warriors attacked; it became a ghost town by 1886.[2][3][3] Battle of McMillenvilleThe Apache attack was one of many engagements of the Indian wars in Arizona. It was fought on July 7, 1882. Geronimo's warriors, who had escaped the nearby San Carlos Reservation, were raiding throughout the area. Hundreds of natives fled after the Battle of Cibecue Creek who then went to Mexico or began raided across the Southwest. Hostilities became pitched when locals reported the large number of Apache warriors approaching the town. The women and children were rushed to the mine shaft with a few men for protection, the rest armed themselves and made a position out of a large two-story adobe building. The Apaches attacked with dozens of warriors, they swarmed the small town until they reached the makeshift fortification. There several settlers defeated the attack with accurate fire. Only one American was wounded in the arm. The natives' casualties are not known; the Apache usually concealed their casualties by removing bodies and wounded men from the field. The warriors retreated after cavalry from Fort Apache began to arrive. Several buildings were damaged in the fighting, some from fire. The natives used primarily rifles and pistols with some bow and arrows compared to various firearms used by the settlers. The battle was an American victory with little loss but McMillenville was still abandoned within the next few years.[2] RemnantsAlmost nothing remains of the mines and mill, and only scattered ruins of the adobe buildings of the town mark the site of McMillenville today.[4][5] GeographyThe town is located off U.S. Route 60, about {{convert|18|mi}} Northeast of Globe.[5] GeologyThe Stonewall Jackson mine was one of the best producing mines in the area at the time.,[6] mainly producing silver, copper and lead.[7] References1. ^{{gnis|31681|McMillianville}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|title=Ghost Towns of Arizona|first=James E|last=Sherman|author2=Barbara H. Sherman|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|year=1969|isbn=0-8061-0843-6|ref=AZ}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Bauer|first=Carolyn|title=Ghost towns of Arizona: remnants of the mining days|year=1988|publisher=American Traveler Press|isbn=1-55838-095-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QmZEBYrJbLUC&lpg=PA29&dq=mcmillenville%20ghost%20town&pg=PA29#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=2010-08-01|page=29}} 4. ^1 {{cite book |title=Arizona The Grand Canyon State A State Guide |publisher=US History Publishers |isbn=1-60354-003-2 |author=Federal Writers' Project |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mB9Sm6JCnAQC&lpg=PA468&dq=mcmillenville%20ghost%20town&pg=PA468#v=onepage&q=mcmillenville%20ghost%20town&f=false |accessdate=2010-08-01|page=468}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/prospector/sited1.htm |title=National Park Service - Prospector, Cowhand, and Sodbuster (Survey of Historic Sites and Buildings) |publisher=Nps.gov |date=2005-05-22 |accessdate=2010-07-31}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Bancroft|first=Hubert Howe|title=History of Arizona and New Mexico, 1530-1888|year=1889|publisher=The History Company|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ss8NAAAAIAAJ&lpg=PA588&ots=23uGmaOgpd&dq=mcmillanville&pg=PA588#v=onepage&q=mcmillanville&f=false|accessdate=2010-08-01|page=588}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mindat.org/loc-55316.html |title=Stonewall Jackson Mine (McMillan Silver Mines group; McMillan-Stonewall Mine; Stonewall Jackson-Little Mac Mine), McMillanville (McMillanville District), Globe Hills, Globe Hills District, Globe-Miami District, Gila Co., Arizona, USA |publisher=Mindat.org |accessdate=2010-08-01}} External links
4 : Ghost towns in Arizona|Populated places in Graham County, Arizona|Battles involving the Apache|Apache Wars |
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