| 词条 | Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport Launch Pad 0 |
| 释义 |
|image = Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport - aerial photo.jpg |caption = LP-0B (left) and LP-0A (center, with the large water tower) |name = Launch Pad 0 |pads = 2 |site = MARS (WFF) |operator = NASA VCSFA |tlaunches = 15 |short = LP-0 |status = Active |pad1 = Pad A (LP-0A) |launches = 9 |first = 23 October 1995 |last = 21 May 2018 |rockets = Conestoga Antares (active) |status2 = Active |pad2 = Pad B (LP-0B) |first2 = 16 December 2006 |last2 = 20 November 2013 |launches2 = 6 |rockets2 = {{plainlist|
}} }} Launch Pad 0, Pad 0 or LP-0, also known as Launch Complex 0,[1][1] Launch Area 0 or LA-0, is a launch complex at the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS) on Wallops Island, Virginia in the United States. MARS is located adjacent to NASA's Wallops Flight Facility (WFF),[2] which ran the launch complex until 2003. WFF continues to provide various support services to MARS launches under contract with the Commonwealth of Virginia. The launch complex consists of two individual launch pads, LP-0A and LP-0B. {{coord|37|51|N|75|28|W|region:US-VA_type:isle|display=title}}Launch statistics{{ #invoke:Chart | bar chart| float = center | width = 600 | height = 300 | stack = 1 | group 1 = 0:0:0:0: 0:0:0:2:3: 0:1:1:1 | group 2 = 1:1:0:1: 0:1:0:1:0: 0:0:0:0 | group 3 = 0:0:0:0: 0:0:0:0:0: 0:0:0:0 | group 4 = 0:0:0:0: 0:0:0:1:0: 0:0:0:0 | group 5 = 0:0:0:0: 0:0:0:0:0: 0:0:0:0 | colors = CornflowerBlue : MediumTurquoise : Teal : SeaGreen : Orange | group names = Antares (0A) : Minotaur I (0B) : Minotaur IV (0B) : Minotaur V (0B) : Vector-R (0B) | x legends = 2006 ::::: 2011 ::::: 2016 :: | units suffix = _launches }}Chart excludes the only launch of Conestoga from pad 0A in 1995. HistoryPad 0ALP-0A was first built for the failed Conestoga rocket program.[3] The original launch tower was subsequently demolished in September 2008.[4] A new pad facility was built from 2009-2011 for Orbital Sciences Taurus II, now renamed Antares.[5] Pad modifications for Antares included the construction of a Horizontal Integration Facility for launcher/payload mating and a wheeled transporter/erector that will roll out and erect the rocket on its launch pad about 24 hours prior to launch.[5] The first launch of Antares occurred on April 21, 2013.[6] The pad was reinforced with pilings and features a liquid fueling facility, flame trench, and deluge system for cooling and sound suppression. The pad is capable of supporting a gross liftoff weight of {{convert|453.6|MT|lb}} and can launch payloads of up to {{convert|5035|kg}} into low Earth orbit [7]On October 28, 2014, an Orbital Systems Antares rocket, flying as mission Cygnus CRS Orb-3, crashed 6 seconds after takeoff and appeared to have done significant damage to the launch pad itself. On October 29, 2014, teams of investigators began examining debris at the crash site.[8] By May 2015, estimates had been revised down to around $13 million. At that time, NASA had committed $5 million, Virginia Commercial Space Flight Authority committed $3 million and Orbital ATK $3 million. Repairs were underway and planned to be completed by September 2015, but repairs were only funded up to August with Virginia CSFA requesting that Orbital provide the remaining $2 million. On September 30, 2015, the spaceport announced repairs on pad 0A had been completed.[9] The launch pad resumed flight operations with the Cygnus CRS OA-5 mission on October 17, 2016.[10] Pad 0BLP-0B became operational in 1999,[11] and was subsequently upgraded in 2003 with the construction of a mobile service tower, which was completed in 2004.[12] It is active, and is currently used by Minotaur rockets. The first launch from LP-0B was of a Minotaur I in December 2006,[13] and was the first launch from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport. Vector Space Systems announced on October 19, 2017 that their upcoming Vector-R rocket will be conducting three launches in the next two years, with an option for 5 additional launches, from pad 0B.[14]References1. ^{{cite web|title=Facility Access Plan|url=http://www.spaceflightnews.net/special/minotaur/tacsat-3/docs/facilities_access_plan_final_7_31_07.pdf|publisher=Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS)|accessdate=24 April 2013|page=1.2.2|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203075617/http://www.spaceflightnews.net/special/minotaur/tacsat-3/docs/facilities_access_plan_final_7_31_07.pdf|archivedate=3 December 2013|df=}} {{Wallops Island}}2. ^1 {{cite web|title=Commercial Space Transportation License LSO-02-007|url=http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ast/launch_license/active_licenses/media/lso_02_007_%28rev_2%29.pdf|publisher=FAA|accessdate=23 April 2013}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/sites/waldla0a.htm |title=Wallops Island LA0A |last=Wade |first=Mark |publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica |accessdate=2009-01-21 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120215219/http://astronautix.com/sites/waldla0a.htm |archivedate=2008-11-20 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gmbnet.com/portfolio/launch-tower-demolition/ |title=Launch Tower Demolition|publisher=GMB |accessdate=2009-01-21 }} 5. ^1 {{cite web |first=Ed|last=Kyle|url=http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/taurus2.html |date=2011-05-14 |publisher=Space Launch Report |title=TaConurus 2 |accessdate=2011-12-19 }} 6. ^{{cite web|title=NASA Partner Orbital Sciences Test Launches Antares Rocket|url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/wallops/news/antares-launches.html|publisher=NASA|accessdate=21 April 2013}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=MARS Launch Pad 0A|url=http://www.orbital.com/NewsInfo/MissionUpdates/Orb-D1/files/10%20MARS%20Launch%20Pad%200A.pdf|publisher=Orbital Sciences}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/29/us/rocket-explodes-off-virginia/index.html|title=Teams investigate failure of unmanned rocket off Virginia coast|website=cnn.com|date=29 October 2014|accessdate=29 October 2014}} 9. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.vaspace.org/index.php/8-news/18-mid-atlantic-regional-spaceport-launch-pad-0a-repair-completion |title= Completion Of Repairs at the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport Launch Pad 0A |publisher= vaspace.org |date= September 30, 2015 }} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Graham|first1=William|title=Antares 230 successfully returns with launch of OA-5 Cygnus|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2016/10/antares-230-launch-oa-5-cygnus/|website=NASASpaceFlight.com|accessdate=3 August 2017|date=17 October 2016}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.marsspaceport.com/facilities.php |title=Facilities |publisher=Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport |accessdate=2009-01-21 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081016101817/http://www.marsspaceport.com/facilities.php |archivedate=October 16, 2008 }} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.marsspaceport.com/pdfs/0-B%20FacStudy.pdf |title=Launch Pad 0-B |publisher=Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport |accessdate=2009-01-21 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704080504/http://www.marsspaceport.com/pdfs/0-B%20FacStudy.pdf |archivedate=July 4, 2008 }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/sites/waldla0b.htm|title=Wallops Island LA0B|last=Wade|first=Mark|publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|accessdate=2009-01-21|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111115161524/http://www.astronautix.com/sites/waldla0b.htm|archivedate=2011-11-15|df=}} 14. ^{{Cite news|url=http://spacenews.com/vector-to-perform-first-orbital-launches-from-virginia/|title=Vector to perform first orbital launches from Virginia - SpaceNews.com|date=2017-10-24|work=SpaceNews.com|access-date=2017-11-10|language=en-US}} 1 : Spaceports in the United States |
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