“List of Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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List of Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople

释义

Bishops of Byzantium (until 330)
Archbishops of Constantinople (330–451)
Patriarchs of Constantinople (since 451)
451–998 999–1453 1453–1466 1466–1833 1834–1923 1923–present
See also
Notes
Citations
External links

This is a list of the Patriarchs of Constantinople.

Bishops of Byzantium (until 330)

1. St. Andrew the Apostle (38), founder (St. Andrew as founder is disputed by Catholics^[1])
2. St. Stachys the Apostle (38–54)
3. St. Onesimus (54–68)
4. Polycarpus I (69–89)
5. Plutarch (89–105)
6. Sedecion (105–114)
7. Diogenes (114–129)
8. Eleutherius (129–136)
9. Felix (136–141)
10. Polycarpus II (141–144)
11. Athenodorus (144–148)
12. Euzois (148–154)
13. Laurence (154–166)
14. Alypius (166–169)
15. Pertinax (169–187)
16. Olympianus (187–198)
17. Mark I or Marcus I (198–211)
18. Philadelphus (211–217)
19. Cyriacus I (217–230)
20. Castinus (230–237)
21. Eugenius I (237–242)
22. Titus (242–272)
23. Dometius (272–284)
24. Rufinus I (284–293)
25. Probus (293–306)
26. St. Metrophanes (306–314)
27. St. Alexander (314–337)

Archbishops of Constantinople (330–451)

28. St. Paul I ("the Confessor") (337–339)
29. Eusebius of Nicomedia (339–341)
- Paul I (341–342), restored 1st time
30. Macedonius I (342–346)
- Paul I (346–350), restored 2nd time
- Macedonius I (351–360), restored
31. Eudoxius of Antioch (360–370)
- Florentius (c. 363)
32. Demophilus (370–380)
33. Evagrius (370 or 379)
34. Maximus I (380)
35. St. Gregory I of Nazianzus the Theologian (380–381)
36. Nectarius (381–397)
37. St. John Chrysostom (398–404)
38. Arsacius of Tarsus (404–405)
39. Atticus (406–425)
40. Sisinnius I (426–427)
41. Nestorius (428–431)
42. Maximianus (431–434)
43. St. Proclus (434–446)
44. St. Flavian or Flavianus (446–449), also Flavian I
45. St. Anatolius (449–458) (Patriarch from 451)

Patriarchs of Constantinople (since 451)

451–998

46. Gennadius I (458–471)
47. Acacius (471–488)
48. Fravitta (488–489), also Flavian II
49. Euphemius (489–495)
50. Macedonius II (495–511)
51. Timothy I (511–518)
52. John II the Cappadocian (518–520)
53. Epiphanius (520–535)
54. Anthimus I (535–536)
55. Menas (536–552)
56. Eutychius (552–565)
57. John III Scholasticus (565–577)
- Eutychius (577–582), restored
58. John IV Nesteutes (582–595)
59. Cyriacus II (596–606)
60. St. Thomas I (607–610)
61. Sergius I (610–638)
62. Pyrrhus I (638–641)
63. Paul II (641–653)
- Pyrrhus I (653–654), restored
64. Peter (654–666)
65. Thomas II (667–669)
66. John V (669–675)
67. Constantine I (675–677)
68. Theodore I (677–679)
69. George I (679–686)
70. Paul III (687–693)
71. Callinicus I (693–705)
72. Cyrus (705–711)
73. John VI (712–715)
74. Germanus I (715–730)
75. Anastasius (730–754)
76. Constantine II (754–766)
77. Nicetas I (766–780)
78. Paul IV (780–784)
79. Saint Tarasius (784–806)
80. Nicephorus I (806–815)
81. Theodotus I Kassiteras (815–821)
82. Antony I (821–836)

83. John VII Grammaticus (836–843)
84. Methodius I (843–847)
85. Ignatius I (847–858)
86. Photios I the Great (858–867)
- Ignatius I (867–877), restored
- Photios I the Great (877–886), restored
87. Stephen I (886–893)
88. Antony II Kauleas (893–901)
89. Nicholas I Mystikos (901–907)
90. Euthymius I Synkellos (907–912)
- Nicholas I Mystikos (912–925), restored
91. Stephen II of Amasea (925–928)
92. Tryphon, also Tryphonius (928–931)
93. Theophylactus (933–956)
94. Polyeuctus (956–970)
95. Basil I Scamandrenus (970–974)
96. Antony III the Studite (974–980)
97. Nicholas II Chrysoberges (984–996)
98. Sisinnius II (996–999)

999–1453

99. Sergius II (1001–1019)
100. Eustathius (1019–1025)
101. Alexius I the Studite (1025–1043)
102. Michael I Cerularius (1043–1058)
103. Constantine III Leichoudes (1058–1063)
104. John VIII Xiphilinos (1063–1075)
105. Kosmas I (1075–1081)
106. Eustratius Garidas (1081–1084)
107. Nicholas III Grammaticus (1084–1111)
108. John IX Agapetus (1111–1134)
109. Leo Styppeiotes (1134–1143)
110. Michael II Kourkouas (1143–1146)
111. Cosmas II Atticus (1146–1147)
112. Nicholas IV Muzalon (1147–1151)
113. Theodotus II (1151–1153)
114. Neophytos I (1153–1154)
115. Constantine IV Chliarenus (1154–1156)
116. Luke Chrysoberges (1156–1169)
117. Michael III of Anchialus (1169–1177)
118. Chariton (1177–1178)
119. Theodosius I Boradiotes (1178–1183)
120. Basil II Kamateros (1183–1186)
121. Niketas II Mountanes (1186–1189)
122. Leo Theotokites (1189–1190)
123. Dositheus (1190–1191)
124. George II Xiphilinos (1191–1198)
125. John X Kamateros (1198–1206)
126. Michael IV Autoreianos (1206–1212)
127. Theodore II Eirenikos (1214–1216)
128. Maximos II (1216)
129. Manuel I Charitopoulos (1216–1222)
130. Germanus II (1223–1240)
131. Methodius II (1240)
- vacant (1240–1244)
132. Manuel II (1244–1255)
133. Arsenius Autoreianus (1255–1259)
134. Nicephorus II (1260–1261)
- Arsenius Autoreianus (1261–1265), restored
135. Germanus III (1266)
136. Joseph I Galesiotes (1266–1275)
137. John XI Bekkos (1275–1282)
- Joseph I Galesiotes (1282–1283), restored
138. Gregory II Cyprius (1283–1289)
139. Athanasius I (1289–1293)
140. John XII (1293–1303)
- Athanasius I (1303–1310), restored
141. Nephon I (1310–1314)
142. John XIII Glykys (1314–1320)
143. Gerasimos I (1320–1321)
144. Isaias (1321–1334)
145. John XIV Kalekas (1334–1347)
146. Isidore I (1347–1350)
147. Callistus I (1350–1354)
148. Philotheus Kokkinos (1354–1355)
- Callistus I (1355–1363), restored
- Philotheus Kokkinos (1363–1376), restored
149. Macarius (1376–1379)
150. Nilus Kerameus (1379–1388)
151. Antony IV (1388–1390)
- Macarius (1390–1391), restored
- Antony IV (1391–1397), restored
152. Callistus II Xanthopoulos (1397)
153. Matthew I (1397–1410)
154. Euthymius II (1410–1416)
155. Joseph II (1416–1439)
156. Metrophanes II (1439–1443)
157. Gregory III Mammas (1443–1450)
158. Athanasius II (1450–1453)

On May 29, 1453 occurred the Fall of Constantinople, thus marking the end of the Byzantine Empire. The Ecumenical Patriarchate became subject to the Ottoman Empire.

1453–1466

159. Gennadius II Scholarios (1454–1456)
160. Isidore II Xanthopoulos (1456–1462)

{{anchor|1462–1466}}There are different suggestions by scholars for the succession of the Patriarchs from 1462 to 1466. The main positions are the following:{{Col-begin|width=100%}}{{Col-3}}

According to Kiminas (2009):{{r|Kiminas}}

161. Joasaph I, Apr 1462 – Apr 1463
Gennadius II, Apr 1463 – June 1463
162. Sophronius I, Jun 1463 – Aug 1464
Gennadius II, Aug 1464 – aut. 1465
163. Mark II, aut. 1465 – aut. 1466
164. Symeon I, au. 1466 – end 1466

According to Laurent (1968):{{r|Laurent}}

Joasaph I, Apr 1462 – Apr 1463
Gennadius II, Apr 1463 – May 1463
Sophronius I, May 1463 – July 1464
Gennadius II, Aug 1464 – aut. 1465
Symeon I, autumn 1465
Mark II, beg. 1466 – aut. 1466

According to Gemanos of Sardeis (1933–38):{{r|Sardeon}}

Gennadius II, sum. 1462 – sum. 1463
Sophronius I, Aug 1463 – Aug 1464
Gennadius II, Aug 1464 – aut. 1464
Joasaph I, beg. 1465 – beg. 1466
Mark II, beg. 1466 – mid 1466
Symeon I, mid 1466 – end 1466

1466–1833

165. Dionysius I (end 1466–1471)
- Symeon I of Trebizond (1471–1475), restored 1st time
166. Raphael I (1475–1476)
167. Maximus III (1476–1482)
- Symeon I of Trebizond (1482–1486), restored 2nd time
168. Nephon II (1486–1488)
- Dionysius I (1488–1490), restored
169. Maximus IV (1491–1497)
- Nephon II (1497–1498), restored 1st time
170. Joachim I (1498–1502)
- Nephon II (1502), restored 2nd time
171. Pachomius I (1503–1504)
- Joachim I (1504), restored
- Pachomius I (1504–1513), restored
172. Theoleptus I (1513–1522)
173. Jeremias I (1522–1524)
174. Joannicius I (1524–1525)
- Jeremias I (1525–1546), restored
175. Dionysius II (1546–1556)
176. Joasaph II (1556–1565)
177. Metrophanes III (1565–1572)
178. Jeremias II Tranos (1572–1579)
- Metrophanes III (1579–1580), restored
- Jeremias II Tranos (1580–1584), restored 1st time
179. Pachomius II (1584–1585)
180. Theoleptus II (1585–1586)
- Jeremias II Tranos (1587–1595), restored 2nd time
181. Matthew II (1596)
182. Gabriel I (1596)
- Theophanes I Karykes (locum tenens, 1596)
- Meletius I Pegas (locum tenens, 1597)
183. Theophanes I Karykes (1597)
184. Meletius I Pegas (locum tenens, 1597–1598)
- Matthew II (1598–1602), restored 1st time
185. Neophytus II (1602–1603)
- Matthew II (1603), restored 2nd time
186. Raphael II (1603–1607)
- Neophytus II (1607–1612), restored
187. Cyril I Lucaris (locum tenens, 1612)
188. Timothy II (1612–1620)
- Cyril I Lucaris (1620–1623), restored 1st time
189. Gregory IV (1623)
190. Anthimus II (1623)
- Cyril I Lucaris (1623–1633), restored 2nd time
191. Cyril II Kontares (1633)
- Cyril I Lucaris (1633–1634), restored 3rd time
192. Athanasius III Patelaros (1634)
- Cyril I Lucaris (1634–1635), restored 4th time
- Cyril II Kontares (1635–1636), restored 1st time
193. Neophytus III of Nicaea (1636–1637)
- Cyril I Lucaris (1637–1638) restored 5th time
- Cyril II Kontares (1638–1639), restored 2nd time
194. Parthenius I (1639–1644)
195. Parthenius II (1644–1646)
196. Joannicius II (1646–1648)
- Parthenius II (1648–1651), restored
- Joannicius II (1651–1652), restored 1st time
197. Cyril III (1652–1652)
- Athanasius III (1652), restored
198. Paisius I (1652–1653）
- Joannicius II (1653–1654), restored 2nd time
- Cyril III (1654), restored
- Paisius I (1654-1655), restored
- Joannicius II (1655–1656), restored 3rd time
199. Parthenius III (1656–1657)
200. Gabriel II (1657)
201. Parthenius IV (1657–1659)
202. Theophanes II (1659)
- vacant (1659–1662)
203. Dionysius III (1662–1665)
- Parthenius IV (1665–1667), restored 1st time
204. Clement (1667)
205. Methodius III (1668–1671)
- Parthenius IV (1671), restored 2nd time
206. Dionysius IV Muselimes (1671–1673)
207. Gerasimus II (1673–1674)
- Parthenius IV (1675–1676) restored 3rd time
- Dionysius IV Muselimes (the Muslim) (1676–1679), restored 1st time
208. Athanasius IV (1679)
209. James (1679–1682)
- Dionysius IV Muselimes (the Muslim) (1682–1684), restored 2nd time
- Parthenius IV (1684–1685) restored 4th time
- James (1685–1686), restored 1st time
- Dionysius IV Muselimes (the Muslim) (1686–1687), restored 3rd time
- James (1687–1688), restored 2nd time
210. Callinicus II (1688)
211. Neophytus IV (1688)
- Callinicus II (1689–1693), restored 1st time
- Dionysius IV Muselimes (the Muslim) (1693–1694), restored 4th time
- Callinicus II (1694–1702), restored 2nd time
212. Gabriel III (1702–1707)
213. Neophytus V (1707)
214. Cyprianus (1707–1709)
215. Athanasius V (1709–1711)
216. Cyril IV (1711–1713)
- Cyprianus (1713–1714), restored
217. Cosmas III (1714–1716)
218. Jeremias III (1716–1726)
- Callinicus III (1726)^[2]
219. Paisius II (1726–1732)
- Jeremias III (1732–1733), restored
220. Serapheim I (1733–1734)
221. Neophytus VI (1734–1740)
- Paisius II (1740–1743), restored 1st time
- Neophytus VI (1743–1744), restored
- Paisius II (1744–1748), restored 2nd time
222. Cyril V (1748–1751)
- Paisius II (1751–1752), restored 2nd time
- Cyril V (1752–1757), restored 1st time
223. Callinicus IV (1757)
224. Serapheim II (1757–1761)
225. Joannicius III (1761–1763)
226. Samuel I Chatzeres (1763–1768)
227. Meletius II (1769–1769)
228. Theodosius II (1769–1773)
- Samuel I Chatzeres (1773–1774), restored
229. Sophronius II (1774–1780)
230. Gabriel IV (1780–1785)
231. Procopius (1785–1789)
232. Neophytus VII (1789–1794)
233. Gerasimus III (1794–1797)
234. Gregory V (1797–1798)
- Neophytus VII (1798–1801), restored
235. Callinicus V (1801–1806)
- Gregory V (1806–1808), restored 1st time
- Callinicus V (1808–1809), restored
236. Jeremias IV (1809–1813)
237. Cyril VI (1813–1818)
- Gregory V (1818–1821), restored 2nd time
238. Eugenius II (1821–1822)
239. Anthimus III (1822–1824)
240. Chrysanthus I (1824–1826)
241. Agathangelus I (1826–1830)
242. Constantius I (1830–1834)

On July 23, 1833 the Church of Greece declared itself autocephalous. It was followed by the Romanian Orthodox Church in 1864, the Bulgarian Exarchate in 1872, and the Serbian Orthodox Church in 1879, thus reducing the territorial extent of the Ecumenical Patriarchate's jurisdiction.

1834–1923

243. Constantius II (1834–1835)
244. Gregory VI (1835–1840)
245. Anthimus IV (1840–1841)
246. Anthimus V (1841–1842)
247. Germanus IV (1842–1845)
248. Meletius III (1845)
249. Anthimus VI (1845–1848)
- Anthimus IV (1848–1852), restored
- Germanus IV (1852–1853), restored
- Anthimus VI (1853–1855), restored 1st time
250. Cyril VII (1855–1860)
251. Joachim II (1860–1863)
252. Sophronius III (1863–1866)
- Gregory VI (1867–1871), restored
- Anthimus VI (1871–1873), restored 2nd time
- Joachim II (1873–1878), restored
253. Joachim III (1878–1884)
254. Joachim IV (1884–1887)
255. Dionysius V (1887–1891)
256. Neophytus VIII (1891–1894)
257. Anthimus VII (1895–1896)
258. Constantine V (1897–1901)
- Joachim III (1901–1912), restored
259. Germanus V (1913–1918)
- vacant (1918–1921)
260. Meletius IV (1921–1923)

On July 24, 1923 the Ottoman Empire dissolved, replaced by the Republic of Turkey.

1923–present

261. Gregory VII (1923–1924)
262. Constantine VI (1924–1925)
263. Basil III (1925–1929)
264. Photios II (1929–1935)
265. Benjamin I (1936–1946)
266. Maximus V (1946–1948)
267. Athenagoras I (1948–1972)
268. Demetrios I (1972–1991)
269. Bartholomew I (1991–present)

Notes

A selection of different spellings of certain names as seen on [https://www.patriarchate.org/list-of-ecumenical-patriarchs Patriarchate.org]:

Dimitrios = Demetrios
Germanos = Germanus
Stephanos = Stephen

Citations

1. ^Vailhé, S. (1908). Constantinople. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved August 2, 2014 from New Advent: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04301a.htm
2. ^Sometimes not counted among the patriarchs.
3. ^{{cite journal| last=Vitalien |first=Laurent |title=Les premiers patriarches de Constantinople sous la domination turque (1454-1476) |journal=Revue des études byzantines | issue=26| year=1968 |pages=229–263| doi=10.3406/rebyz.1968.1407 |url=http://www.persee.fr/docAsPDF/rebyz_0766-5598_1968_num_26_1_1407.pdf }}
4. ^{{cite journal| author=Σαρδεων Γερμανος |title=Συµβολή εις τους πατριαρχικούς καταλόγους Κωνσταντινουπόλεως από της αλώσεως και εξής |journal=Ορθοδοξια | issue=8-13| year=1933–38}}{{Link language|el}}

^[3]^[4]
}}

External links

Patriarchate.org, Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
EC-patr.org, List of Ecumenical Patriarchs from the official website of the Ecumenical Patriarchate

5 : Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople|Lists of Eastern Orthodox bishops and archbishops|Turkey religion-related lists|Eastern Orthodoxy in Europe|Lists of patriarchs

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