“List of IARC Group 2A carcinogens”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The agents in this list have been classified in Group 2A (probable carcinogens)^[1] by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The term "agent" encompasses both substances and exposure circumstances that pose a risk. This designation is applied when there is limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans as well as sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals. In some cases, an agent may be classified in this group when there is inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans along with sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and strong evidence that the carcinogenesis is mediated by a mechanism that also operates in humans. Exceptionally, an agent may be classified in this group solely on the basis of limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans.

Agents

Substances

Acrylamide

Adriamycin

Androgenic (anabolic) steroids

Azacitidine

BCNU (Bischloroethyl nitrosourea)

Captafol

Chloral

Chloral hydrate

Chloramphenicol

α-Chlorinated toluenes (benzal chloride, benzotrichloride, benzyl chloride) and benzoyl chloride (combined exposures)

CCNU (1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea)

4-Chloro-o-toluidine

Chlorozotocin

Cisplatin

Cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene

Diazinon

Dibenz[a,j]acridine

Dibenz[a,h]anthracene

Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene

Dichloromethane (methylene chloride)

Diethyl sulfate

Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride

Dimethylformamide

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine

Dimethyl sulfate

Epichlorohydrin

Ethylene dibromide

Ethyl carbamate (urethane)

N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea

Glycidol

Glyphosate

Human papillomavirus type 68

Hydrazine

Indium phosphide

2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ)

Lead compounds, inorganic

Malaria (caused by infection with Plasmodium falciparum in holoendemic areas)

Malathion

5-Methoxypsoralen

Methyl methanesulfonate

Mercaptobenzothiozole

Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV)

MNNG (N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine)

N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea

Nitrate or nitrite (ingested) under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation

Nitrogen mustard

1-Nitropyrene

N-Nitrosodiethylamine (DEN)

N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)

Nitrotoluene

6-Nitrochrysene

Phenacetin

Pioglitazone

Polybrominated biphenyls

Procarbazine hydrochloride

1,3-Propane sultone

Styrene

Styrene-7,8-oxide

Teniposide

Tetrabromobisphenol A

Tetrachloroethylene

Tetrafluoroethylene

1,2,3-Trichloropropane

Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate

Vinyl bromide

Vinyl fluoride

Mixtures

Bitumens, occasional exposure to oxidized bitumens and their emissions during roofing

Creosotes (from coal tars)

High-temperature frying, emissions from

Household combustion of biomass fuel (primarily wood), indoor emissions from

Non-arsenical insecticides (occupational exposures in spraying and application of)

Red meat^[2]

Very hot beverages (more than 65℃)^[3]

Exposure circumstances

Art glass, glass containers and pressed ware (manufacture of)

Carbon electrode manufacture

Cobalt metal with tungsten carbide

Hairdresser or barber (occupational exposure as a)

Petroleum refining (occupational exposures in)

Shift work that involves circadian disruption

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/latest_classif.php |title=List of Classifications, Volumes 1-115 |author= |date=February 22, 2016 |website=IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Risk to Humans |publisher=IARC |access-date=March 5, 2016}}
2. ^{{cite web|title=IARC Monographs evaluate consumption of red meat and processed meat|url=http://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/pr/2015/pdfs/pr240_E.pdf|accessdate=26 October 2015}}
3. ^{{cite journal |last1=Loomis |first1=Dana |last2=Guyton |first2=Kathryn Z |last3=Lauby-Sectretan |first3= Béatrice |last4=El Ghissassi |first4=Fatiha |last5=Bouvard |first5= Véronique |last6=Benbrahim-Tallaa |first6=Lamia |last7=Guha |first7=Neela |last8=Mattock |first8=Heidi |last9=Straif |first9=Kurt |display-authors= |title=Carcinogenicity of drinking coffee, mate, and very hot beverages |url=http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/article/PIIS1470-2045(16)30239-X/fulltext |dead-url=no |format= |department= |journal=The Lancet Oncology |type=Online First |series= |edition= |publisher=Elsevier Ltd. |publication-date=June 15, 2016 |volume= 17|issue= 7|pages= 877–8|nopp= |asin= |bibcode= |doi=10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30239-X |registration=yes |pmid=27318851 |year=2016}}

Agents

Substances

Mixtures

Exposure circumstances

References

External links