“List of state leaders in 1955”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Africa

Egypt

President - Gamal Abdel Nasser, Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council of Egypt (1954–1970)^[1]
Prime Minister - Gamal Abdel Nasser, Prime Minister of Egypt (1954–1962)^[2]

Ethiopia

Monarch - Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia (1930–1974)^[3]
Prime Minister - Makonnen Endelkachew, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1942–1957)

Liberia

President - William Tubman, President of Liberia (1944–1971)

Libya

Monarch - Idris, King of Libya (1951–1969)
Prime Minister - Mustafa Ben Halim, Prime Minister of Libya (1954–1957)

South Africa

Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of South Africa (1952–1961)
Governor-General - Ernest George Jansen, Governor-General of South Africa (1951–1959)
Prime Minister - Johannes Gerhardus Strijdom, Prime Minister of South Africa (1954–1958)

Asia

Afghanistan

Monarch - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1933–1973)
Prime Minister - Mohammed Daoud Khan, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1953–1963)

Bhutan

Monarch - Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1952–1972)
Prime Minister - Jigme Palden Dorji, Prime Minister of Bhutan (1952–1964)

Burma

President - Ba U, President of Burma (1952–1957)
Prime Minister - U Nu, Prime Minister of Burma (1948–1956)

Cambodia

Monarch -
#Norodom Sihanouk, King of Cambodia (1941–1955)^[4]
#Norodom Suramarit, King of Cambodia (1955–1960)
Prime Minister -
#Penn Nouth, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1954–1955)
#Leng Ngeth, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1955)
#Prince Norodom Sihanouk, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1955–1956)

Ceylon

Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Ceylon (1952–1972)
Governor-General - Sir Oliver Ernest Goonetilleke, Governor-General of Ceylon (1954–1962)
Prime Minister - Sir John Kotelawala, Prime Minister of Ceylon (1953–1956)

China (People's Republic of China)

Communist Party Leader - Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Communist Party of China (1935–1976)
Head of State - Mao Zedong, Chairman of China (1949–1959)
Premier - Zhou Enlai, Premier of the State Council of China (1949–1976)

India

President - Rajendra Prasad, President of India (1950–1962)
Prime Minister - Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India (1947–1964)

Indonesia

President - Sukarno, President of Indonesia (1945–1967)
Prime Minister -
#Ali Sastroamidjojo, Prime Minister of Indonesia (1953–1955)
#Burhanuddin Harahap, Prime Minister of Indonesia (1955–1956)
Islamic State of Indonesia (unrecognized secessionist state)
Leader - Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosuwirjo, Imam of the Islamic State of Indonesia (1949–1962)

Iran

Monarch - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (1941–1979)
Prime Minister -
# Fazlollah Zahedi, Prime Minister of Iran (1953–1955)
# Hossein Ala', Prime Minister of Iran (1955–1957)

Iraq

Monarch - Faisal II, King of Iraq (1939–1958)
Prime Minister - Nuri as-Said, Prime Minister of Iraq (1954–1957)

Israel

President - Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, President of Israel (1952–1963)
Prime Minister -
# Moshe Sharett, Prime Minister of Israel (1954–1955)
# David Ben-Gurion, Prime Minister of Israel (1955–1963)

Japan

Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926–1989)
Prime Minister - Ichirō Hatoyama, Prime Minister of Japan (1954–1956)

Jordan

Monarch - Hussein, King of Jordan (1952–1999)
Prime Minister -
# Tawfik Abu al-Huda, Prime Minister of Jordan (1954–1955)
# Sa`id al-Mufti, Prime Minister of Jordan (1955)
# Hazza Al-Majali, Prime Minister of Jordan (1955)
# Ibrahim Hashem, Prime Minister of Jordan (1955–1956)

North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)

Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Korean Workers' Party (1949–1994)
Head of State - Kim Tu-bong, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (1947–1957)^[5]
Prime Minister - Kim Il-sung, Prime Minister of the Cabinet of North Korea (1946–1972)^[6]

South Korea (Republic of Korea)

President - Syngman Rhee, President of South Korea (1948–1960)

Laos

Monarch - Sisavang Vong, King of Laos (1946–1959)^[7]
Prime Minister - Katay Don Sasorith, Prime Minister of Laos (1954–1956)

Lebanon

President - Camille Chamoun, President of Lebanon (1952–1958)
Prime Minister -
# Sami as-Solh, President of the Council of Ministers of Lebanon (1954–1955)
# Rashid Karami, President of the Council of Ministers of Lebanon (1955–1956)

Mongolia

Communist Party Leader - Dashiin Damba, First secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1954–1958)
Head of State - Jamsrangiin Sambuu, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Great Hural of Mongolia (1954–1972)
Premier - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia (1952–1974)

Muscat and Oman

Monarch - Said Bin Taimur, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (1932–1970)

Nepal

Monarch -
#Tribhuvan, King of Nepal (1951–1955)
#Mahendra, King of Nepal (1955–1972)
Prime Minister -
#Matrika Prasad Koirala, Prime Minister of Nepal (1953–1955)
#Mahendra, Prime Minister of Nepal (1955–1956)

Pakistan

Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Pakistan (1952–1956)
Governor-General -
# Malik Ghulam Muhammad, Governor-General of Pakistan (1951–1955)
# Iskander Mirza, Governor-General of Pakistan (1955–1958)^[8]
Prime Minister -
# Muhammad Ali Bogra, Prime Minister of Pakistan (1953–1955)
# Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, Prime Minister of Pakistan (1955–1956)

Philippines

President - Ramon Magsaysay, President of the Philippines (1953–1957)

Saudi Arabia

Monarch - Saud, King of Saudi Arabia (1953–1964)
Prime Minister - Crown Prince Faisal, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (1954–1960)

Syria

President -
# Hashim al-Atassi, President of Syria (1954–1955)
# Shukri al-Quwatli, President of Syria (1955–1958)
Prime Minister -
# Faris al-Khoury, Prime Minister of Syria (1954–1955)
# Sabri al-Assali, Prime Minister of Syria (1955)
# Said al-Ghazzi, Prime Minister of Syria (1955–1956)

Taiwan (Republic of China)

President - Chiang Kai-shek, President of Taiwan (1950–1975)
Premier - Yu Hung-Chun, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (1954–1958)

Thailand

Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–2016)
Prime Minister - Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Prime Minister of Thailand (1948–1957)

Turkey

President - Celâl Bayar, President of Turkey (1950–1960)
Prime Minister - Adnan Menderes, Prime Minister of Turkey (1950–1960)

North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam)

Communist Party Leader - Trường Chinh, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (1941–1956)
President - Hồ Chí Minh, President of North Vietnam (1945–1969)
Premier -
# Hồ Chí Minh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of North Vietnam (1945–1955)
# Phạm Văn Đồng, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of North Vietnam (1955–1987)^[9]

South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam)

the State of Vietnam changed name to Republic of Vietnam on 26 October 1955
Head of State -
# Bảo Đại, Chief of State of South Vietnam (1949–1955)
# Ngô Đình Diệm, President of South Vietnam (1955–1963)
Prime Minister - Ngô Đình Diệm, Prime Minister of South Vietnam (1954–1955)

Yemen

Monarch -
# Ahmad bin Yahya, King of Yemen (1948–1955)
# Abdullah bin Yahya, King of Yemen (1955)
# Ahmad bin Yahya, King of Yemen (1955–1962)
Prime Minister - Hassan ibn Yahya, Prime Minister of Yemen (1948–1955)

Europe

Albania

Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944–1985)
Head of State - Haxhi Lleshi, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953–1982)
Premier - Mehmet Shehu, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1954–1981)

Andorra

Monarchs -
French Co-Prince - René Coty, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1954–1959)
Co-Prince's Representative - Guy Henri Victor Menant (1952–1956)
Episcopal Co-Prince - Ramon Iglesias i Navarri, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1943–1969)
Co-Prince's Representative - Jaume Sansa Nequí (1937–1972)
First Syndic - Francesc Cairat Freixes, First Syndic of Andorra (1937–1960)

Austria

Allied-occupied Austria regained its sovereignty on 15 May 1955
President - Theodor Körner, Federal President of Austria (1951–1957)
Chancellor - Julius Raab, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1953–1961)
American high commissioner - Llewellyn Thompson (1952–1955)
British high commissioner - Sir Geoffrey Wallinger (1954–1955)
French high commissioner - Jean Payart (1950–1955)
Soviet high commissioner - Ivan Ilichev (1953–1955)

Belgium

Monarch - Baudouin, King of the Belgians (1951–1993)
Prime Minister - Achille Van Acker, Prime Minister of Belgium (1954–1958)

Bulgaria

Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1954–1989)
Head of State - Georgi Damyanov, Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly of Bulgaria (1950–1958)
Premier - Vulko Chervenkov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1950–1956)

Czechoslovakia

Communist Party Leader - Antonín Novotný, First Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1953–1968)
President - Antonín Zápotocký, President of Czechoslovakia (1953–1957)
Prime Minister - Viliam Široký, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1953–1963)

Denmark

Monarch - Frederick IX, King of Denmark (1947–1972)
Prime Minister -
# Hans Hedtoft, Prime Minister of Denmark (1953–1955)
# H. C. Hansen, Prime Minister of Denmark (1955–1960)

Finland

President - Juho Kusti Paasikivi, President of Finland (1946–1956)
Prime Minister - Urho Kekkonen, Prime Minister of Finland (1954–1956)

France

President - René Coty, President of France (1954–1959)
Prime Minister -
# Pierre Mendès France, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1954–1955)
# Christian Pineau, Acting President of the Council of Ministers of France (1955)
# Edgar Faure, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1955–1956)

East Germany (German Democratic Republic)

Communist Party Leader - Walter Ulbricht, First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1950–1971)
President - Wilhelm Pieck, President of East Germany (1949–1960)
Premier - Otto Grotewohl, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1949–1964)

West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)

President - Theodor Heuss, Federal President of West Germany (1949–1959)
Chancellor - Konrad Adenauer, Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1949–1963)
West Berlin (Western Allies-occupied free city)
Governing Mayor -
# Walther Schreiber, Governing Mayor of Berlin (1953–1955)
# Otto Suhr, Governing Mayor of Berlin (1955–1957)

Greece

Monarch - Paul, King of the Hellenes (1947–1964)
Prime Minister -
# Alexandros Papagos, President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1952–1955)
# Stephanos Stephanopoulos, Acting President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1955)
# Konstantinos Karamanlis, President of the Ministerial Council of Greece (1955–1958)

Hungary

Communist Party Leader - Mátyás Rákosi, First Secretary of the Hungarian Workers' Party (1945–1956)
Head of State - István Dobi, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1952–1967)
Premier -
# Imre Nagy, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1953–1955)
# András Hegedüs, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1955–1956)

Iceland

President - Ásgeir Ásgeirsson, President of Iceland (1952–1968)
Prime Minister - Ólafur Thors, Prime Minister of Iceland (1953–1956)

Ireland

President - Seán T. O'Kelly, President of Ireland (1945–1959)
Prime Minister - John A. Costello, Taoiseach of Ireland (1954–1957)

Italy

President -
# Luigi Einaudi, President of Italy (1948–1955)
# Giovanni Gronchi, President of Italy (1955–1962)
Prime Minister -
# Mario Scelba, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1954–1955)
# Antonio Segni, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1955–1957)

Liechtenstein

Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
Prime Minister - Alexander Frick, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1945–1962)

Luxembourg

Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)^[10]
Prime Minister - Joseph Bech, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1953–1958)

Monaco

Monarch - Rainier III, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
Head of Government - Henry Soum, Minister of State of Monaco (1953–1959)

Kingdom of the Netherlands

Monarch - Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands (1948–1980)
Netherlands (constituent country)
Prime Minister - Willem Drees, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1948–1958)
Netherlands Antilles (constituent country)
Governor - Teun Struycken, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (1951–1956)
Prime Minister - Efraïn Jonckheer, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (1954–1968)
Suriname (constituent country)
Governor-General - Jan Klaasesz, Governor-General of Suriname (1949–1956)
Prime Minister -
# Archibald Currie, Prime Minister of Suriname (1952–1955)
# Johan Ferrier, Prime Minister of Suriname (1955–1958)

Norway

Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)^[11]
Regent - Crown Prince Olav, Regent of Norway (1955–1957)
Prime Minister -
# Oscar Torp, Prime Minister of Norway (1951–1955)
# Einar Gerhardsen, Prime Minister of Norway (1955–1963)

Poland

Communist Party Leader - Bolesław Bierut, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1948–1956)
Head of State - Aleksander Zawadzki, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1952–1964)
Premier - Józef Cyrankiewicz, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1954–1970)

Portugal

President - Francisco Craveiro Lopes, President of Portugal (1951–1958)
Premier - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1932–1968)

Romania

Communist Party Leader -
# Gheorghe Apostol, First Secretary of the Romanian Workers' Party (1954–1955)
# Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, First Secretary of the Romanian Workers' Party (1955–1965)
Head of State - Petru Groza, Chairman of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly of Romania (1952–1958)
Premier -
# Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1952–1955)
# Chivu Stoica, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1955–1961)

San Marino

Captains Regent -
# Agostino Giacomini and Luigi Montironi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1954–1955)
# Domenico Forcellini and Vittorio Meloni, Captains Regent of San Marino (1955)
# Primo Bugli and Giuseppe Maiani, Captains Regent of San Marino (1955–1956)

Soviet Union

Communist Party Leader - Nikita Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1953–1964)
Head of State - Kliment Voroshilov, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1953–1960)
Premier -
# Georgy Malenkov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1953–1955)
# Nikolai Bulganin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1955–1958)

Spain

Head of State - Francisco Franco, Head of State of Spain (1936–1975)
Prime Minister - Francisco Franco, President of the Government of Spain (1938–1973)

Sweden

Monarch - Gustaf VI Adolf, King of Sweden (1950–1973)
Prime Minister - Tage Erlander, Prime Minister of Sweden (1946–1969)

Switzerland

Federal Council:^[12]
: Philipp Etter (1934–1959), Max Petitpierre (1944–1961, President), Markus Feldmann (1951–1958), Hans Streuli (1953–1959), Paul Chaudet (1954–1966), Giuseppe Lepori (1954–1959), Thomas Holenstein (1954–1959)

United Kingdom

Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
Prime Minister -
# Sir Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1951–1955)
# Sir Anthony Eden, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1955–1957)

Vatican City

Monarch - Pope Pius XII, Sovereign of Vatican City (1939–1958)
President of the Governorate - Cardinal Nicola Canali, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1939–1961)
Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
Secretary of State - Domenico Tardini, Pro-Secretary of State (1952–1961)

Yugoslavia

Communist Party leader - Josip Broz Tito, General Secretary of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1936–1980)
President - Josip Broz Tito, President of Yugoslavia (1953–1980)
Premier - Josip Broz Tito, Chairman of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia (1943–1963)

North America

Canada

Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952–present)
Governor General - Vincent Massey, Governor General of Canada (1952–1959)
Prime Minister - Louis St. Laurent, Prime Minister of Canada (1948–1957)

Costa Rica

President - José Figueres Ferrer, President of Costa Rica (1953–1958)

Cuba

President - Fulgencio Batista, President of Cuba (1952–1959)
Prime Minister -
# Andrés Domingo y Morales del Castillo, Acting Prime Minister of Cuba (1954–1955)
# Jorge García Montes, Prime Minister of Cuba (1955–1957)

Dominican Republic

De facto Head of State - Rafael Trujillo, de facto ruler of the Dominican Republic (1930–1961)
President - Héctor Trujillo, President of the Dominican Republic (1952–1960)

El Salvador

President - Óscar Osorio, President of El Salvador (1950–1956)

Guatemala

President - Carlos Castillo Armas, President of Guatemala (1954–1957)

Haiti

President - Paul Magloire, President of Haiti (1950–1956)

Honduras

President - Julio Lozano Díaz, Supreme Head of State of Honduras (1954–1956)

Mexico

President - Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, President of Mexico (1952–1958)

Nicaragua

President - Anastasio Somoza García, President of Nicaragua (1950–1956)

Panama

President -
# José Antonio Remón Cantera, President of Panama (1952–1955)
# José Ramón Guizado, President of Panama (1955)
# Ricardo Arias, President of Panama (1955–1956)

United States of America

President - Dwight D. Eisenhower, President of the United States (1953–1961)

Oceania

Australia

Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952–present)
Governor-General - Sir William Slim, Governor-General of Australia (1953–1960)
Prime Minister - Robert Menzies, Prime Minister of Australia (1949–1966)

New Zealand

Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952–present)
Governor-General - Sir Willoughby Norrie, Governor-General of New Zealand (1952–1957)
Prime Minister - Sidney Holland, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1949–1957)

South America

Argentina

President -
# Juan Perón, President of Argentina (1946–1955)
# José Domingo Molina Gómez, Chairman of Military Junta of Argentina (1955)
# Eduardo Lonardi, President of Argentina (1955)
# Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, President of Argentina (1955–1958)

Bolivia

President - Víctor Paz Estenssoro, President of Bolivia (1952–1956)

Brazil

President -
# Café Filho, President of Brazil (1954–1955)
# Carlos Luz, Acting President of Brazil (1955)
# Nereu Ramos, Acting President of Brazil (1955–1956)

Chile

President - Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, President of Chile (1952–1958)

Colombia

President - Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, President of Colombia (1953–1957)

Ecuador

President - José María Velasco Ibarra, President of Ecuador (1952–1956)

Paraguay

President - Alfredo Stroessner, President of Paraguay (1954–1989)

Peru

President - Manuel A. Odría, President of Peru (1950–1956)
Prime Minister - Roque Augusto Saldías Maninat, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (1954–1956)

Uruguay

Head of State -
#Andrés Martínez Trueba, President of the National Council of Government of Uruguay (1951–1955)
#Luis Batlle Berres, President of the National Council of Government of Uruguay (1955–1956)

Venezuela

President - Marcos Pérez Jiménez, President of Venezuela (1952–1958)

References

1. ^Gamal Abdel Nasser was President of the United Arab Republic 1958-1961.
2. ^Gamal Abdel Nasser was Prime Minister of the United Arab Republic 1958-1961.
3. ^In exile between 1936 and 1941.
4. ^Cambodia only became independent in 1953.
5. ^North Korea only became independent in 1948.
6. ^North Korea only became independent in 1948.
7. ^Laos only became independent in 1953.
8. ^Iskandar Ali Mirza was titled President of Pakistan between 1956 and 1958 after the abolishing of the monarchy.
9. ^Prime minister of Vietnam from 1976 to 1987.
10. ^In exile between 1940 and 1945.
11. ^In exile between 1940 and 1945.
12. ^The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.