词条 | Nursing in Pakistan |
释义 |
Nursing is a health-care profession which is mainly aimed on the care of families and individuals. Nursing is important in every part of the world, but in developing countries like Pakistan, the subject of nursing care has provided special focus and attention on the health sector by nursing care. Nurses are also encouraged{{By whom|date=December 2009}} to gain certification in a specialized area so as to give their nursing careers a proper dimension. In Pakistan, nurses are required{{By whom|date=December 2009}} to wear distinguishing devices like pins and colored epaulets to identify them as licensed professionals. Nursing education and organizationsPakistani educational system included these famous nursing institutes:[3]
The Canadian International Development Agency funded several nursing education initiatives in the 1980s and 1990s.[5] Pakistan has established professional nursing organizations. The Pakistan Nursing Council (PNC), established in 1948 and formally constituted by Acts in 1952 and 1973, certifies nurses, midwives, Lady Health Visitors (LHVs), [https://sites.google.com/site/lpnpak/ Licensed Practical Nurses] and Nursing Auxiliaries for practice.[6] The PNC has involvement in improving and standardizing public education and clinical nursing standards.[7] They also oversee the ethical standards and general welfare of nurses. The PNC inspects and approves nursing schools. This Council also approves education programs and has the authority to examine, register and enrol nurses, midwives and nursing auxiliaries of nursing council. The Council provides licenses to the nursing agencies and monitors nursing employers. HistoryInitially, the health-care services in Pakistan were ill-developed and the rate of employment in health-care jobs in Pakistan was very low. Since 1951 Pakistani governments have concentrated on the development and improvement of health care services and one of the major steps is increasing the rate of funding to PNC Clinics. The Nursing council (PNC) has also played a key role to provide world-class health care and nursing council services to the patients. Pakistan had a nurse-to-population ratio of 1:32000 in 1960, improving to 1:5199 by 1997.[8] Further reading
|last= Wilkinson |first= Alice |authorlink= |title= A brief history of nursing in India and Pakistan |year= 1958 |publisher= Trained Nurses’ Association of India |location= Delhi |pages= 115 }} See also
References1. ^[https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22nursing%20in%20pakistan%22&hl=en&ned=us&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=ws "Nursing in Pakistan" search at Google Scholar]. Accessed December 10, 2009. 2. ^{{cite web|title=Press Information Department|publisher=Government of Pakistan|url=http://www.pid.gov.pk/press19-05-09.htm|accessdate=2009-12-12}} 3. ^{{cite web|author1=Muhammad Waqas|title=Nursing Colleges in Pakistan|url=https://nursingscholar.net/nursing-colleges-in-pakistan/|website=Nursing Scholar|accessdate=1 September 2017|language=English}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=School of Nursing|url=http://www.pims.gov.pk/nursing_School.htm|publisher=Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences|accessdate=2009-12-12}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/nursing/communities_pakistan.shtml|publisher=McMaster University|title=Community Partnerships at the School of Nursing - Pakistan|accessdate=2009-12-12}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pnc.org.pk/|title=PAKISTAN NURSING COUNCIL|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Government of Pakistan|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=2017-11-21}} 7. ^Pakistan nursing council 8. ^1 {{cite web|publisher=Journal of Public Health Medicine|url=http://jpubhealth.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/22/1/38.pdf|title=Health Care Systems in Transition III. Pakistan, Part I.|accessdate=2009-12-12}} External links{{nursing}}{{Health in Pakistan}}{{Asia topic|Nursing in}}Pakistan Nursing Council 1 : Nursing in Pakistan |
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