“List of universities in the Netherlands”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Research universities in the Netherlands are institutions of tertiary education that in Dutch are called universiteit. Their focus is towards academic education and scientific research. They are accredited to confer bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees. Prior to the Bologna Process, the universities granted drs. (doctorandus), mr. (for law studies) and ir. (for engineering studies) degrees, which are equivalent to current MBA, MA, LLM or MSc degrees. The term universiteit is reserved to doctorate granting institutes in the Dutch context, and the additional qualifier "research" is hardly ever used in practice.

Universities of applied sciences

Universities of applied sciences (Dutch: hogeschool) in the Netherlands are focused on professional education rather than scientific research. While the literal translation of hogeschool is "high school", these are institutes of higher education, and can be compared with colleges, polytechnics, and vocational universities in other countries.

They are accredited to confer bachelor's and master's degrees. Prior to the Bologna Process, they also conferred professional engineer's (abbreviated ing.) degrees. Dutch universities of applied sciences are not accredited to confer doctoral (PhD) degrees; PhD studies can sometimes be conducted in the context of a university of applied sciences, however, the title will be granted by one of the research universities, and a full professor of that university will be appointed as principal supervisor (promotor).

In international contexts, the phrase University of Applied Sciences is used for the majority of these schools, as suggested by the Dutch Minister of Education.^[9] Some specific exceptions have been made. For example, tertiary art schools and schools of education use an internationally recognisable name of choice.

Private For-Profit Medical Schools

Although there are none of these schools in the mainland, many exist in the Dutch Caribbean either in the special municipalities of the Netherlands or constituents countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Only one in particular (Saba University) has direct accreditation from Accreditation Organisation of the Netherlands and Flanders which accredits universities in the Netherlands and Flanders.

Private For-Profit Business Schools

A number of private universities of applied sciences (hogescholen) are active in the Netherlands. Some of these are exclusively distance learning (online) medium learning providers.

Webster University: The American University in the Netherlands

Webster University Leiden is a university outside the Dutch system, offering Bachelor and Master programs in the Netherlands. Webster University is a private, non-profit American university, accredited in the United States by the Higher Learning Commission's North Central Association. The International Business and Management program, as well as the Applied Behavioral and Social Sciences program are accredited in the Netherlands by the NVAO at the hbo (professional master) level.

International rankings

In relation to their population size, Switzerland (first), Sweden (second) and the Netherlands (third) are the three countries with the highest number of universities among the 100 best of the Academic Ranking of World Universities (2014-2015).^[10]

The following universities rank in the top 200 of at least two of the four major global rankings:

See also

References

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2. ^¹²³Rüegg, Walter (ed.): A History of the University in Europe. Vol. III: Universities in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries (1800–1945), Cambridge University Press {{ISBN|978-0-521-36107-1}}, pp. 39
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9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.minocw.nl/documenten/Brief%20naamgeving%20HBO-raad%20aangepast.pdf |title=Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap | Organisatie | Rijksoverheid.nl |website=Minocw.nl |date= |accessdate=2016-08-01 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
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11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2019|title=QS World University Rankings 2019|accessdate=6 June 2018|publisher=Quacquarelli Symonds Ltd.}}
12. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2019/world-ranking#!/page/0/length/25/locations/GB/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats|title=World University Rankings|date=2018-09-26|work=Times Higher Education (THE)|access-date=2018-09-29|language=en}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shanghairanking.com/World-University-Rankings-2018/UK.html|title=Academic Ranking of World Universities – 2017|accessdate=15 August 2018|publisher=Shanghai Ranking Consultancy}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.leidenranking.com/ranking/2018/list|title=CWTS Leiden Ranking 2018 - PP top 10%|accessdate=16 May 2018|work=CWTS Leiden Ranking}}

Research universities