| 词条 | Parasuta dwyeri |
| 释义 |
| status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | image = Dwyers Snake (Parasuta dwyeri) (9105384525).jpg | image_caption = | genus = Parasuta | species = dwyeri | authority = (Worrell, 1956) | synonyms = *Denisonia dwyeri {{small|Worrell, 1956}}
| synonyms_ref =[2] }}Parasuta dwyeri, commonly called Dwyer's snake,[2] whip snake[3] and variable black-naped snake,[4][5] is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to Australia, where it is found from New South Wales to South Queensland.[4][6][7] While closely related to Australian sea snakes,[7] P. dwyeri is a terrestrial reptile.[8] EtymologyThe specific name, dwyeri, is in honor of Australian herpetologist John Dwyer.[9] TaxonomyThere has been a great amount of instability of the nomenclature of many Australian snake taxa, particularly concerning the generic classification of the smaller Elapidae, some of which have been placed in several different genera in the span of just a few decades.[10] Accordingly, Dwyer's snake, which was originally named Denisonia dwyeri by Worrell in 1956, has been variously called Unechis dwyeri by Cogger in 1983, Suta dwyeri by Valentic in 1998, Suta spectabilis dwyeri by Cogger in 2000, and Parasuta dwyeri by Greer in 2006.[4] DescriptionAdult P. dwyeri males average 31 cm (12 inches) in length from the tip of the snout to the uro-genital vent. Females are slightly smaller at around 29 cm (11 inches) in snout-to-vent length (SVL).[11] P. dwyeri has a cylindrical brown body with a slender to medium build. The head is short and somewhat widened so as to be distinct from the neck. The tail is short as well, and the dorsal scales are smooth. The eye is medium-sized, with a vertically elliptical pupil.[12] ReproductionBreeders of exotic reptiles advise letting pairs of P. dwyeri mate when they reach a length of about 23 centimeters (22 cm in the case of the female). This species is viviparous rather than egg laying and successfully births about three offspring per brood. Newborn P. dwyeri young are about 13 cm long.[11]Defense mechanismsLike other snakes in the family Elapidae, P. dwyeri is venomous and has hollow fangs fixed at the front of the upper jaw. These fangs are connected via ducts to venom glands near the eyes. Like the majority of Australian elapids, Dwyer's snake is inoffensive and mostly harmless. Herpetologists at the Queensland Museum describe Dwyer's snake as "weakly venomous", and do not include it among their list of eight snake species in the Brisbane area considered capable of inflicting potentially fatal bites.[8] A 25-year-old man in Western Sydney mildly describes a snakebite from this species by saying that he was:
When threatened P. dwyeri prefers to coil into a tight ball as a defense mechanism for protection from larger predators. This enables the snake to protect its head and more vulnerable areas of its body.[3] HabitatP. dwyeri is a secretive, nocturnal snake that seeks shelter under rocks, debris, and ground litter, and may make its home in burrows made and abandoned by other creatures. Open woodland and grassland areas are its typical habitat. DietP. dwyeri feeds mainly on small lizards such as geckos and skinks.[12]Images
Bibliography
References1. ^Vanderduys, E., Wilson, S., Hobson, R. & Sanderson, C. 2018. Parasuta dwyeri. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T102710963A102711010. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T102710963A102711010.en. Downloaded on 19 October 2018. {{Taxonbar|from=Q169434}}2. ^ Queensland Museum 3. ^1 "Balling as a defence mechanism for snakes", Journal of the Herpetological Society of Queensland, Spring 2005 4. ^1 2 3 "Parasuta dwyeri ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org. 5. ^ Common Names of Australian Reptiles 6. ^ Elapidae 7. ^1 Snake Tracks Species List 8. ^1 Elapid Land Snakes (Family Elapidae, Subfamily Elapinae): South-east Queensland 9. ^Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. (Suta dwyeri, p. 79). 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://biology.bangor.ac.uk/~bss166/Publications/2006_Aussie_taxonomists_Toxicon.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2006-12-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061225020213/http://biology.bangor.ac.uk/~bss166/Publications/2006_Aussie_taxonomists_Toxicon.pdf |archivedate=2006-12-25 |df= }} The good, the bad and the ugly: Australian snake taxonomists and a history of the taxonomy of Australia’s venomous snakes 11. ^1 Size and Breeding Information for Australian Snakes 12. ^1 Clinical Toxinology Resources 13. ^ Aussie Pythons & Snakes (aussiepythons.com) 4 : Snakes of Australia|Elapidae|Taxa named by Eric Worrell|Reptiles described in 1956 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。