“Amravati district”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Amravati District is a District of Maharashtra state in central India. Amravati is the administrative headquarters of the district.

The district is situated between 20°32' and 21°46' north latitudes and 76°37' and 78°27' east longitudes. The district occupies an area of 12,235 km². The district is bounded by Betul District of Madhya Pradesh state to the north, and by the Maharashtra districts of Nagpur to the northeast, Chindwara district of Madhya Pradesh to the northeast Wardha to the east, Yavatmal to the south, Washim to the southwest, and Akola and Buldhana districts to the west.

History

In 1853, the present-day territory of Amravati district as a part of Berar Province was assigned to the British East India Company, following a treaty with the Nizam of Hyderabad. After the Company took over the administration of the province, it was divided into two districts. The present-day territory of the district became part of North Berar district, with headquarters at Buldhana. Later, the province was reconstituted and the territory of the present district became part of East Berar district, with headquarters at Amravati. In 1864, Yavatmal District (initially known as Southeast Berar district and later Wun district) was separated. In 1867, Ellichpur District was separated but in August, 1905, when the whole province was reorganized into six districts, it was again merged into the district. In 1903, it became part of the newly constituted province of Central Provinces and Berar. In 1956, Amravati district became part of Bombay State and after its bifurcation in 1960, it became part of Maharashtra state.^[2]^[3]

Geography

The climate is tropical and most people wear cotton clothes. In summer temperatures can go up to higher than {{convert|47|C|F}}.

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Amravati one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).^[4] It is one of the twelve districts in Maharashtra currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).^[4]

Agriculture

Amravati is the main growing region for the cotton and 'Tur' in ChandurRly,Dhamangaon, Tiosa,NandgaonKh.,Achalpur particularly. Ellachipur Sanman Chili pepper.^[5] Anjangaon Surji and Achalpur are known for growing betel leaves, piper longum, orange and banana. Warud, Morshi, Chandur bazar and Achalpur are known for growing Nagpuri oranges. Soyabean has become a popular kharip crop.

Rivers

The Wardha River forms the eastern boundary of the district, and the eastern portion of the district lies within its watershed. The Purna River drains the southwestern portion of the district, while the northwest is drained by the Tapti River. Other important rivers are Shahanoor and Chandrabhaga.*Musali and Cherry are successfully introduced and cultivated now in Chikhaldara Hills.

The Purna rises near Bhainsdehi in Betul district of Madhya Pradesh in the Satpudas. After flowing for about 50 km in a general southerly and south-easterly direction enters the district. It travels across the district in a south-westerly direction dividing it into two halves, first through the Achalpur taluka and then along the boundary between the Amravati and Daryapur talukas. Finally, it turns due westwards forming the boundary of the district and continues further to join the Tapti near Muktainagar in Jalgaon district. The only significant left bank tributary of the Purna is the Pedhi. The first of the principal right bank tributaries is the Arna. The next is a small river known as the Bodi. The next tributary, the Chandrabhaga is a very important one, flowing in a general south-westerly direction to join the Purna. The principal right bank affluent of the Chandrabhaga is the Bhuleshwari. The westernmost tributary of the Purna of some significance within the district is the Shahanur, with its tributary, the Bordi.^[6]

The following are some of the other rivers in Amravati District, with their tributaries.

Divisions

The district consists of six sub-divisions, which are further divided into 14 talukas. Amravati sub-division is divided into three talukas: Amravati, Bhatukali and Nandgaon Khandeshwar. Daryapur sub-division is further divided into two talukas: Anjangaon and Daryapur. Achalpur sub-division also consists of two talukas: Achalpur and Chandur Bazar. Morshi sub-division has also two talukas: Morshi and Warud. Dharni sub-division is also divided into two talukas: Dharni and Chikhaldara. Finally, Chandur (Railway) sub-division is divided into three taulkas: Chandur (Railway), Tiosa and Dhamangaon.^[7]

There are eight Vidhan Sabha constituencies in this district. Six of these, Badnera, Amravati, Teosa, Anjangaon-Daryapur (SC), Melghat (ST) and Achalpur, are part of Amravati Lok Sabha constituency. The other two constituencies, Dhamangaon Railway and Morshi, are part of Wardha Lok Sabha constituency.^[8]

Major towns

Major towns include Achalpur, Paratwada, Anjangaon, Chandur railway, Dhamangaon Railway, Hiwarkhed, Chikhaldara, Kholapur, Warud, Ambada, Morshi, Shendurjana Ghat, Chandurbazar, Daryapur, Nandgaon Khandeshwar, Dharni, Tivasa,badnera and Ashtgaon.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Amravati district has a population of 2,887,826,^[9] roughly equal to the nation of Jamaica^[10] or the US state of Arkansas.^[11] This gives it a ranking of 131st in India (out of a total of 640).^[9] The district has a population density of {{convert| 237 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .^[9] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 10.77%.^[9] Amravati has a sex ratio of 947 females for every 1000 males,^[9] and a literacy rate of 88.23%.^[9]

Languages

Marathi is the official and the most spoken language in the district. The dialect spoken here is called Varhadi dialect. Deccani Urdu is also prominent among the Muslim community. Korku and Gondi languages are also spoken by a significant number of people. ^[12]

Transport

Important railway stations are Badnera Junction and Amravati Main Terminal under Bhusawal-Badnera Section of Bhusawal Division of Central Railway. The other stations under meter gauge are Wan Road Dhulghat and Dabka. These are under Purna - Khandwa section of South Central Railway. The stations under narrow gauge are Achalpur, Anjangaon Surji and Daryapur under Narrow Gauge Branch lines viz Murtajapur-Achalpur of Bhusawal Division of Central Railway.

Amravati - Narkhed line has been ready since January 2014. Railways are now available to travel from Narkhed to Bhusaval. Warud's railway station has been given the name Warud Orange City because it is the biggest exporter of oranges from all over India.

The Amravati - Chandur Bajar - Morshi - Warud Orange City - Narkher railway track is electrified.

Due to this Amravati - Narkher railway line ; Railway network in Amravati district become strong. It serves three talukas and some villages also have station so people travel via railway towards Amravati, Akola, Bhusawal, Nashik and Mumbai.

Amravati Airport is located at Belora, 15 kilometres south of Amravati city on NH-6 towards Akola.

Prominent persons

Places of interest

Education in Amravati district

Engineering colleges

Polytechnic college

Other colleges

Medical colleges

Other institutions

Folk arts

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://164.100.9.199/ecimaps/ecipdf/state_pc_Map/Maharashtra.pdf |accessdate=26 October 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090306045236/http://164.100.9.199/ecimaps/ecipdf/state_pc_Map/Maharashtra.pdf |archivedate=6 March 2009 }}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://amravati.nic.in/gazetteer/gazetteerA/history.html#.|title=Gazetteers of the Bombay Presidency-Amraoti district-History and Archaeology|publisher=Amravati district website|accessdate=2009-03-24}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://amravati.nic.in/gazetteer/gazetteerB/general_intro.html|title=Amravati District Gazetteer-General Introduction|publisher=Amravati district website|accessdate=2009-03-24| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090410072516/http://amravati.nic.in/gazetteer/gazetteerB/general_intro.html| archivedate= 10 April 2009 | deadurl= no}}
4. ^¹{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |accessdate=27 September 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archivedate=5 April 2012 }}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.chilly.in/Indian_chilli_varieties.htm |title=Indian Chilli Varieties |accessdate=21 February 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721153326/http://www.chilly.in/Indian_chilli_varieties.htm |archivedate=21 July 2011 |df= }}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://amravati.nic.in/gazetteer/gazetteerB/gen_rivers.html|title=Amravati District Gazetteer-General-Rivers|publisher=Amravati district website|accessdate=2009-03-23| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090410071208/http://amravati.nic.in/gazetteer/gazetteerB/gen_rivers.html| archivedate= 10 April 2009 | deadurl= no}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://amravati.nic.in/htmldocs/District.htm|title=About Amravati District|publisher=Amravati district website|accessdate=2009-03-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090406002025/http://amravati.nic.in/htmldocs/District.htm|archivedate=6 April 2009|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php |title=Districtwise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website |accessdate=2009-03-23 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225084439/http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php |archivedate=25 February 2009 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
9. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | accessdate = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}
10. ^{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | accessdate = 2011-10-01 | quote = Jamaica 2,868,380 July 2011 est }}
11. ^{{cite web |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |accessdate=2011-09-30 |quote=Arkansas 2,915,918 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archivedate=2013-10-19 |df= }}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php|title=Language and mother tongue: Census 2011, District level data|publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|accessdate=|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100318055304/http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php|archive-date=18 March 2010|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
13. ^http://www.polybadnera.ac.in/
14. ^http://www.urdusaifee.org/staff.html