| 词条 | Paul Drennan Cravath | |
| 释义 |
|name = Paul Drennan Cravath |image = Paul Drennan Cravath.png |caption = Paul Drennan Cravath |birth_date = {{Birth date|1861|7|14}} |birth_place = Berlin Heights, Ohio |death_date = {{death date and age|1940|7|1|1861|7|14}} |death_place = Locust Valley, New York |height = {{convert|6|ft|4|in|m|2|abbr=on}} |weight = {{convert|240|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}} |children = Vera Agnes Huntington Cravath |known_for = The Cravath System |education = Oberlin College Columbia Law School |occupation = Lawyer |spouse = Agnes Huntington (1892–1940) |nationality = United States }}Paul Drennan Cravath (July 14, 1861 – July 1, 1940) was a prominent Manhattan lawyer and a partner of the law firm today known as Cravath, Swaine & Moore.[1] BiographyCravath graduated from Columbia Law School in 1886 and was awarded the first Municipal Law prize. An early client was George Westinghouse,[2] who was being sued by the Edison Illuminating Company for infringing on Thomas Edison's incandescent lamp patent.[3] He joined the law firm of Blatchford, Seward & Griswold in 1899. His book of business included: Bethlehem Steel, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Kuhn, Loeb & Co., Chemical Bank, E. R. Squibb & Sons, Columbia Gas & Electric, Studebaker Corp.[4] His name was added to the firm's moniker in 1901.[5] Cravath was the authoritative head of the firm from 1906 until his death in 1940, and his formal statement of his conceptions of proper management of a law office still controls its operations.[6] His law firm structure remains widely known today as the Cravath System. Foreign policyCravath was highly influential in foreign policy as a leader of the "Atlanticist" movement, comprising influential upper-class lawyers, bankers, academics, and politicians of the Northeast, committed to a strand of Anglophile internationalism. For Cravath, the First World War served as an epiphany, building a deep concern with foreign policy that dominated his remaining career. Fiercely Anglophile, he demanded American intervention in the war against Germany. His goal was to build close Anglo-American cooperation that would be the guiding principle of postwar international organization.[7] He was one of the founding officers of the Council on Foreign Relations in 1921. The founding President of the CFR was John W. Davis, a name partner of the law firm Davis Polk & Wardwell, while Cravath served as the inaugural Vice-President. Cravath became chairman of the Metropolitan Opera in 1931. He died in 1940.[4] Fisk UniversityCravath spent most of his childhood in Nashville, Tennessee, where his father Erastus Milo Cravath was a co-founder and the first President of Fisk University from 1875 to 1900. Cravath served as a member and Chairman of the Fisk Board of Trustees for over thirty years and until his death in 1940. Personal LifeIn 1892, he married the opera singer Agnes Huntington. They had a daughter: Vera Agnes Huntington Cravath (1895–1985). She was born on August 28, 1895.[8] Vera Cravath married at least twice: to Lt. James S. Larkin, about 1917, and to William Francis Gibbs in 1927. She died in Rockport, Massachusetts in July 1985.[8] LegacyJohn Oller, author of White Shoe, credits Cravath with creating the model adopted by virtually all white-shoe law firms, 50 years before the term came into use.[9] The Cravath System has been partially adapted by most large law firms[10][11]Cravath, Swaine & Moore endures as a leading law firm, and will celebrate its 200th anniversary in 2019. In popular cultureA fictionalized Cravath (name unchanged) is the protagonist in Graham Moore's 2016 historical novel, The Last Days of Night. The novel received generally positive reviews.[12][13] The cinematic adaptation of The Last Days of Night is in development, starring Eddie Redmayne as Cravath.[14][15] References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.anb.org/articles/11/11-00196.html |title=Paul Drennan Cravath |accessdate=2008-09-16 |author=Richard E. Mendales |coauthors= |date=July 1, 2001 |work=American National Biography |publisher=}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.law.com/sites/almstaff/2016/08/15/cravath-lawyer-spotlighted-in-book-movie-with-eddie-redmayne/?kw=Cravath%20Lawyer%20Spotlighted%20in%20Book%2C%20Movie%20with%20Eddie%20Redmayne&cn=20160815&pt=Legal%20Times%20Afternoon%20Update&src=EMC-Email&et=editorial&bu=National%20Law%20Journal|title=Cravath Lawyer Spotlighted in Book, Movie with Eddie Redmayne|last=Blair|first=Rebecca|date=15 August 2016|website=Law.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=9 October 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.lawdragon.com/2016/08/29/consider-lawyer-young-paul-cravath-took-edison/ |title=Consider The Lawyer: How A Young Paul Cravath Took On Edison |last=Dewey |first=Katrina |date=August 29, 2016 |website=Lawdragon |publisher= |access-date=July 24, 2017 }} 4. ^1 {{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Died |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,795074,00.html |quote=Paul Drennan Cravath, 78, massive, magisterial corporation lawyer, head of one of the nation's greatest law firms, Cravath, de Gersdorif, Swaine & Wood; of a heart attack; in Locust Valley, L. I. |work=Time magazine |date= July 8, 1940|accessdate=2008-12-08 }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cravath.com/attachments/80E11F11B4666F658525716C004C74BD.pdf|title=Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP|publisher=|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060828230802/http://www.cravath.com/attachments/80E11F11B4666F658525716C004C74BD.pdf|archivedate=2006-08-28|df=}} 6. ^Robert Taylor Swaine, The Cravath Firm and Its Predecessors (New York: Ad Press, 1946-48) {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509033831/http://www.law.du.edu/russell/lh/alh/docs/rtswayne.html |date=2008-05-09 }} 7. ^Priscilla Roberts, "Paul D. Cravath, the First World War, and the Anglophile Internationalist Tradition." Australian Journal of Politics and History 2005 51(2): 194-215. {{ISSN|0004-9522}} Fulltext in Ebsco 8. ^1 {{cite news |first= |last= |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Vera Cravath Gibbs, 89, Dies; Was Active in Opera Groups |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/30/arts/vera-cravath-gibbs-89-dies-was-active-in-opera-groups.html |quote=Vera Cravath Gibbs, a former member of the board of the Metropolitan Opera Association and widow of William Francis Gibbs, the naval architect, died Saturday at her home in Rockport, Mass., following a heart attack. She was 89 years old. |work=New York Times |date=July 30, 1985 |accessdate=2009-11-30 }} 9. ^{{cite news |last1=Levinson |first1=Marc |title=White Shoe Review: Lawyering Up the 20th Century (book review) |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/white-shoe-review-lawyering-up-the-20th-century-11553121702?mod=djembooks |accessdate=March 22, 2019 |publisher=Wall Street Journal |date=March 20, 2019}} 10. ^{{cite paper | author = William Henderson | title = Are We Selling Results or Résumés?: The Underexplored Linkage Between Human Resource Strategies and Firm-Specific Capital | year = 2008 | ssrn = 1121238 | type = PDF}} 11. ^{{cite web | last = Henderson | first = Bill | title = How most law firms misapply the "Cravath system" | url=http://lawprofessors.typepad.com/legal_profession/2008/07/part-ii-how-mos.html | accessdate = 2019-03-22 }} 12. ^Hawley, Noah, [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/books/review/noah-hawley-reviews-last-days-of-night-graham-moore.html "Fighting for the Light"], New York Times (September 4, 2016), p. BR7 13. ^Anderson, Patrick, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/the-last-days-of-night-the-flaws-of-thomas-edison-both-real-and-imagined/2016/08/22/2ec72b9a-64ac-11e6-be4e-23fc4d4d12b4_story.html "The Last Days of Night: The flaws of Thomas Edison, both real and imagined"], The Washington Post (August 22, 2016) 14. ^{{Cite web|url=https://ew.com/article/2016/07/25/last-days-night-eddie-redmayne/|title=Last Days of Night: Eddie Redmayne to star in big screen adaptation of Graham Moore novel|last=Nolfi|first=Joey|date=25 July 2016|website=Entertainment Weekly|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=9 October 2018}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5718944/|title=The Last Days of Night - IMDb|last=|first=|date=|website=IMDB|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=9 October 2018}} External links
|author= |title=President Jones |date=1926-03-01 |work=Time Magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,729049,00.html |accessdate=2008-08-10 }}
9 : 1861 births|1940 deaths|Metropolitan Opera people|People from Berlin Heights, Ohio|New York (state) lawyers|Oberlin College alumni|Columbia Law School alumni|American law firm executives|Cravath, Swaine & Moore partners |
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