| 词条 | Plasma membrane monoamine transporter |
| 释义 |
The plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) is a low-affinity monoamine transporter protein which in humans is encoded by the SLC29A4 gene.[1] It is known alternatively as the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter-4 (hENT4). Unlike other members of the ENT family, it is impermeable to most nucleosides, with the exception of the inhibitory neurotransmitter and ribonucleoside adenosine, which it is permeable to in a highly pH-dependent manner. This protein is an integral membrane protein that transports the monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine) as well as adenosine,[2] from synaptic spaces into presynaptic neurons or neighboring glial cells. It is abundantly expressed in the human brain,[3] heart tissue, and skeletal muscle, as well as in the kidneys. It is relatively insensitive to the high affinity inhibitors (such as SSRIs) of the SLC6A monoamine transporters (SERT, DAT, NET), as well being only weakly sensitive to the adenosine transport inhibitor, dipyridamole. Its transport of monoamines, unlike for adenosine, is pH-insensitive. At low pH, (5.5-6.5 range, as occurs under ischemic conditions) however, its transport efficiency for adenosine becomes greater than for serotonin. It has 530 amino acid residues with 10–12 transmembrane segments, and is not homologous to other known monoamine transporters, such as the high-affinity SERT, DAT, and NET, or the low-affinity SLC22A OCT family. It was initially identified by a search of the draft human genome database by its sequence homology to ENTs (equilibrative nucleoside transporters).[4] Ligands{{Empty section|date=February 2015}}InhibitorsNo highly selective PMAT inhibitors are yet available, but a number of existing compounds have been found to act as weak inhibitors of this transporter, with the exception of decynium-22, which is more potent. These compounds include:[5]
Substrates
See also
References1. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Baldwin SA, Beal PR, Yao SY, King AE, Cass CE, Young JD | title = The equilibrative nucleoside transporter family, SLC29 | journal = Pflügers Archiv | volume = 447 | issue = 5 | pages = 735–43 | date = Feb 2004 | pmid = 12838422 | pmc = | doi = 10.1007/s00424-003-1103-2 }} {{Neurotransmitter transporters}}{{Membrane transport proteins}}{{Monoamine reuptake inhibitors}}{{Monoamine releasing agents}}{{membrane-protein-stub}}2. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Xia L, Zhou M, Kalhorn TF, Ho HT, Wang J | title = Podocyte-specific expression of organic cation transporter PMAT: implication in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrotoxicity | journal = American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology | volume = 296 | issue = 6 | pages = F1307-13 | date = Jun 2009 | pmid = 19357181 | pmc = 2692440 | doi = 10.1152/ajprenal.00046.2009 }} 3. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Dahlin A, Xia L, Kong W, Hevner R, Wang J | title = Expression and immunolocalization of the plasma membrane monoamine transporter in the brain | journal = Neuroscience | volume = 146 | issue = 3 | pages = 1193–211 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17408864 | pmc = 2683847 | doi = 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.072 }} 4. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Engel K, Zhou M, Wang J | title = Identification and characterization of a novel monoamine transporter in the human brain | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 279 | issue = 48 | pages = 50042–9 | date = Nov 2004 | pmid = 15448143 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M407913200 }} 5. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Engel K, Wang J | title = Interaction of organic cations with a newly identified plasma membrane monoamine transporter | journal = Molecular Pharmacology | volume = 68 | issue = 5 | pages = 1397–407 | date = Nov 2005 | pmid = 16099839 | doi = 10.1124/mol.105.016832 }} 4 : Membrane proteins|Neurotransmitter transporters|Solute carrier family|Molecular neuroscience |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。