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词条 Political party strength in Michigan
释义

  1. 19th century – from statehood in 1837 to 1899

  2. 20th century – 1900 to 1964

  3. 20th century – 1965 to 1999

  4. 21st century

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. Notes

The tables below indicate the political party affiliation of elected officials in the U.S. State of Michigan from statehood through March 2018.[1]

Officials listed include: Governors, Lieutenant Governors, Secretaries of State, Attorneys General and State Treasurers.[2] The tables also indicate the historical party composition in the State Senate, State House of Representatives, the names and party affiliations of Michigan's U.S. Senators, and the party composition of Michigan's delegations to the U.S House of Representatives. For years in which a presidential election was held, the tables show which party's nominees received the State's electoral votes.

The parties are indicated as follows: {{legend2|#CCEEFF|Democratic|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (D), {{legend2|#FFB6B6|Republican|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (R), and {{legend2|#FFFFCC|Whig|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} (W), with purple {{legend2|#D8BFD8|designating a tie between two parties|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}.

19th century – from statehood in 1837 to 1899

YearExecutive officesState LegislatureUnited States CongressElectoral College votes
GovernorLieutenant GovernorSecretary of StateAttorney GeneralTreasurerState SenateState HouseU.S. Senator (Class I)U.S. Senator (Class II)U.S. Representatives
1837Stevens T. Mason (D)Edward Mundy (D)Kintzing Pritchette (D)[3]Peter Morey (D)[4]Appointed Office8D, 5W, 3?24W, 23D, 2?[5]Lucius Lyon (D)John Norvell (D)1D[6]
1838Randolph Manning (D)[7]14D, 2W30D, 20W
183911D, 6W31D, 21WVacant1D
1840William Woodbridge (W)[8]James Wright Gordon (W)Thomas Rowland (W)[9]10W, 7D37W, 15DAugustus Porter (W)William Henry Harrison and John Tyler (W) {{Aye}}
1841James Wright Gordon (W)[10]Thomas J. Drake (W)Zephaniah Platt12W, 5D31W, 20D, 1 tieWilliam Woodbridge (W)1W
1842John S. Barry (D)Origen D. Richardson (D)Robert P. Eldredge (D) [11]12D, 5W, 1 vac.47D, 6W
1843Elon Farnsworth (D)18D46D, 7W3D
184447D, 6WJames K. Polk and George M. Dallas (D) {{Aye}}
1845Henry N. Walker (D)[12]46D, 7WLewis Cass (D)3D
1846Alpheus Felch (D)[8]William L. Greenly (D)Gideon O. Whittemore20D, 1W50D, 16W
1847William L. Greenly (D)[10]Charles P. Bush (D)Edward Mundy (D)20D, 2W51D, 15WAlpheus Felch (D)3D
1848Epaphroditus Ransom (D)William M. Fenton (D)George Washington Peck (D)[13]George V. N. Lothrop (D)21D, 1WThomas Fitzgerald (D)Lewis Cass and William Orlando Butler (D) {{Nay}}
184918D, 4W46D, 16W, 3FS, 1 tieLewis Cass (D)2D, 1W
1850John S. Barry (D)George R. Redfield (D)[14]Bernard C. Whittemore (D)[15][16][17]46D, 20W
1851Charles H. Taylor (D)[18]William Hale (D)16D, 5W, 1FSD[19]40D, 26W[20]2W, 1D
1852Robert McClelland[21]Calvin Britain (D)Franklin Pierce and William R. King (D) {{Aye}}
1853Andrew Parsons (D)William Graves (D)[22]25D, 7W52D, 19W, 1?Charles E. Stuart (D)4D
Andrew Parsons (D)[10]George Griswold (D)
1854
1855Kinsley S. Bingham (R)George Coe (R)John McKinney (R)[23]Jacob M. Howard (R)Silas M. Holmes (R) [24]25R, 7D[25]48R, 24D3R, 1D
1856John C. Frémont and William Dayton (R) {{Nay}}
185729R, 3D63R, 17DZachariah Chandler (R)4R
1858
1859Moses Wisner (R)Edmund B. Fairfield (R)Nelson G. Isbell (R)[26]John McKinney (R)24R, 8D56R, 25DKinsley S. Bingham (R)3R, 1D
1860Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin (R) {{Aye}}
1861Austin Blair (R)James M. Birney (R)James B. Porter (R) [27]Charles Upson (R)John Owen (R)[28]30R, 2D72R, 11D4R
Joseph R. Williams (R)
1862Henry T. Backus (R)Jacob M. Howard (R)
1863Charles S. May (R)Albert Williams (R)[29]18R, 14D60R, 39D, 1?5R, 1D
1864Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson (R) {{Aye}}
1865Henry H. Crapo (R)Ebenezer O. Grosvenor (R)21R, 11D73R, 27D6R
1866
1867Dwight May (R)Oliver L. Spaulding (R)[30]William L. Stoughton (R)Ebenezer O. Grosvenor (R)30R, 1D, 1?79R, 21D6R
1868Ulysses S. Grant and Schuyler Colfax (R) {{Aye}}
1869Henry P. Baldwin (R)Morgan Bates (R)Dwight May (R)27R, 5D75R, 25D6R
1870
1871Daniel Striker (R)[31]Victory P. Collier (R)[32]71R, 29DThomas W. Ferry (R)5R, 1D
1872Ulysses S. Grant and Henry Wilson (R) {{Aye}}
1873John J. Bagley (R)Henry H. Holt (R)Byron D. Ball (R)[33]31R, 1D95R, 5D9R
1874Isaac Marston (R)[34]
1875Ebenezer G. D. Holden (R)[35]Andrew J. Smith (R)[36]William B. McCreery (R)[37]17R, 15D54R, 46DIsaac P. Christiancy (R)6R, 3D
1876Rutherford B. Hayes and William A. Wheeler (R) {{Aye}}
1877Charles Croswell (R)Alonzo Sessions (R)Otto Kirchner (R)23R, 9D75R, 25D8R, 1D
1878
1879William Jenney (R)[38]Benjamin D. Pritchard (R)[39]65R, 35DZachariah Chandler (R)9R
1880Henry P. Baldwin (R)James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur (R) {{Aye}}
1881David Jerome (R)Moreau S. Crosby (R)Jacob J. Van Riper (R)[40]30R, 2D86R, 13D, 1IOmar D. Conger (R)9R
1882
1883Josiah Begole (D)Harry A. Conant (R)[41]Edward H. Butler (R)[42]19R, 13D62R, 38DThomas W. Palmer (R)5R, 6D
1884James G. Blaine and John A. Logan (R) {{Nay}}
1885Russell Alger (R)Archibald Buttars (R)Moses Taggart (R) [43]18R, 14D52R, 48D4R, 7D
1886
1887Cyrus G. Luce (R)James H. MacDonald (R)Gilbert R. Osmun (R)[44]George L. Maltz (R)[45]22R, 10D63R, 37DFrancis B. Stockbridge (R)6R, 5D
1888Benjamin Harrison and Levi Morton (R) {{Aye}}
1889William Ball (R)Stephen V. R. Trowbridge (R)[46]24R, 8D70R, 30DJames McMillan (R)9R, 2D
1890Benjamin W. Huston (R)[47]
1891Edwin B. Winans (D)John Strong (D)Daniel E. Soper (D)[48]Adolphus A. Ellis (D)[49]Frederick Braastad (D)[50]17D, 15R55D, 45R3R, 8D
1892Robert R. Blacker (D)[51]Benjamin Harrison and Whitelaw Reid (R), 9 votes {{Nay}}
Grover Cleveland and Adlai Stevenson I (D), 5 votes {{Aye}}
1893John T. Rich (R)J. Wight Giddings (R)John W. Jochim (R)[52][53]Joseph F. Hambitzer (R)[53][54]22R, 9D, 1DP69R, 28D, 3 Pop.7R, 5D
1894Washington Gardner (R)[55]James M. Wilkinson (R) [53]John Patton, Jr. (R)
1895Alfred Milnes (R)Fred A. Maynard (R)[53][56]32R99R, 1DJulius C. Burrows (R)12R
1896Joseph R. McLaughlin (R)William McKinley and Garret A. Hobart (R) {{Aye}}
1897Hazen S. Pingree (R)Thomas B. Dunstan (R)George A. Steel (R)[57]26R, 6D81R, 19D10R, 2D
1898
1899Orrin W. Robinson (R)Justus S. Stearns (R)[58]Horace M. Oren (R)[53]27R, 5D92R, 8D12R
YearGovernorLieutenant GovernorSecretary of StateAttorney GeneralTreasurerState SenateState HouseU.S. Senator (Class I)U.S. Senator (Class II)U.S. RepresentativesElectoral College votes
Executive officesState LegislatureUnited States Congress

20th century – 1900 to 1964

YearExecutive officesState LegislatureUnited States CongressElectoral College votes
GovernorLieutenant GovernorSecretary of StateAttorney GeneralTreasurerAuditor GeneralHighway CommissionerState SenateState HouseU.S. Senator (Class I)U.S. Senator (Class II)U.S. Representatives
1900Hazen S. Pingree (R)Orrin W. Robinson (R)Justus S. Stearns (R)Horace M. Oren (R)George A. Steel[59]Roscoe D. Dix (R)No such office27R, 5D92R, 8DJulius C. Burrows (R)James McMillan (R)12 RWilliam McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt (R) {{Aye}}
1901Aaron T. Bliss (R)Fred M. Warner (R)[60]Daniel M. McCoy (R)[53]Perry F. Powers (R)31R, 1D90R, 10D12R
1902
1903Alexander Maitland (R)Charles A. Blair (R)[61]100RRussell A. Alger (R)11R, 1D
1904Theodore Roosevelt and Charles W. Fairbanks (R) {{Aye}}
1905Fred M. Warner (R)George A. Prescott (R)[62]John E. Bird (R)[63]Frank P. Glazier (R)James B. Bradley (R)Horatio Earle (R)32R95R, 5D12R
1906
1907Patrick H. Kelley (R)95R, 5DWilliam A. Smith (R)12R
1908John T. Rich (R)William Howard Taft and James S. Sherman (R) {{Aye}}
1909Frederick C. Martindale (R)[64]Albert Sleeper (R)Oramel B. Fuller (R)Townsend A. Ely (R)98R, 2D12R
1910Franz C. Kuhn (R)[65]
1911Chase Osborn (R)John Q. Ross (R)28R, 4D88R, 12DCharles E. Townsend (R)10R, 2D
1912Roger I. Wykes (R)[66]Theodore Roosevelt and Hiram Johnson (P) {{Nay}}
1913Woodbridge Nathan Ferris (D)Grant Fellows (R)[67]John W. Harrer (R)Frank F. Rogers (R)21R, 6P, 5D54R, 35D, 11P10R, 2D, 2P
1914
1915Luren Dickinson (R)Coleman C. Vaughan (R) [68]29R, 3D95R, 5D11R, 2D
1916Charles Evan Hughes and Charles W. Fairbanks (R) {{Nay}}
1917Albert Sleeper (R)Alex Groesbeck (R)Samuel Odell27R, 5D88R, 12D11R, 2D
1918
191932R98R, 2DTruman H. Newberry (R)12R, 1D
1920Frank E. Gorman (R)[69]Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge (R) {{Aye}}
1921Alex Groesbeck (R)Thomas Read (R)Charles J. DeLand (R)[70]Merlin Wiley (R)[71]100R13R
1922
1923Andrew B. Dougherty (R)[72]95R, 5DWoodbridge N. Ferris (D)James J. Couzens (R)12R, 1D
1924Calvin Coolidge and Charles G. Dawes (R) {{Aye}}
1925George W. Welsh (R)Frank D. McKay[73]100R13R
1926Clare Retan (R)[74]
1927Fred W. Green (R)Luren Dickinson (R)John S. Haggerty (R)[75]William W. Potter98R, 2D13R
1928Wilber M. Brucker (R)Arthur H. Vandenberg (R)Herbert Hoover and Charles Curtis (R) {{Aye}}
1929Grover C. Dillard (R)13R
1930
1931Wilber Marion Brucker (R)Frank Fitzgerald (R)[76]Paul W. Voorhies (R)[77]Howard C. Lawrence (R)31R, 1D13R
1932Franklin D. Roosevelt and John Nance Garner (D) {{Aye}}
1933William Comstock (D)Allen E. Stebbins (D)Patrick H. O’Brien (D)[78]Theodore I. Fry (D)John K. Stack Jr. (D)Murray Van Wagoner (D)17D, 15R55D, 45R10D, 7R
1934Clarke W. Brown
1935Frank Fitzgerald (R)Thomas Read (R)Orville E. Atwood (R)[79]Harry S. Toy (R)[80]John J. O'Hara (R)21R, 11D51R, 49D11R, 6D
1936David H. Crowley (R)[81]
1937Frank Murphy (D)Leo J. Nowicki (D)Leon D. Case (D)[82]Raymond Wesley Starr (D)[83]George T. Gundry (D)17D, 15R60D, 40RPrentiss M. Brown (D)9R, 8D
1938
1939Frank Fitzgerald (R)|[84]Luren Dickinson (R)Harry Kelly (R)[85]Thomas Read (R)Miller Dunckel (D)Vernon J. Brown (R)23R, 9D73R, 27D12R, 5D
Luren Dickinson (R)[10]Matilda Dodge Wilson (R)
1940Wendell Willkie and Charles L. McNary (R) {{Nay}}
1941Murray Van Wagoner (D)Frank Murphy (D)Herbert J. Rushton (R)[86]Theodore I. Fry (D)G. Donald Kennedy (R)22R, 10D68R, 32D11R, 6D
1942
1943Harry Kelly (R)Eugene C. Keyes (R)Herman H. Dignan (R)[87]D. Hale Brake (R)Lloyd B. Reid (D)25R, 7D74R, 26DHomer S. Ferguson (R)12R, 5D
1944Charles M. Zeigler (R)Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman (D) {{Aye}}
1945Vernon J. Brown (R)John R. Dethmers (R)John D. Morrison (R)24R, 8D66R, 34D11R, 6D
1946Foss O. Eldred (R)[88]
1947Kim Sigler (R)Eugene C. Keyes (R)Fred M. Alger, Jr. (R)[89]Eugene F. Black (R)[90]Murl K. Aten (R)28R, 4D95R, 5D14R, 3D
1948Thomas E. Dewey and Earl Warren (R) {{Nay}}
1949G. Mennen Williams (D)John W. Connolly (D)Stephen John Roth (D)[91]23R, 9D61R, 39D13R, 4D
195012R, 5D
1951William C. Vandenberg (R)Frank G. Millard (R)[92]John B. Martin (R)25R, 7D66R, 34DBlair Moody (D)12R, 5D
1952Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard Nixon (R) {{Aye}}
1953Clarence A. Reid (R)Owen Cleary (R)[93]24R, 8DCharles E. Potter (R)13R, 5D
1954
1955Philip A. Hart (D)James M. Hare (D)[94]Thomas M. Kavanagh (D)[95]Sanford A. Brown (D)Victor Targonski (D)23R, 11D59R, 51DPatrick V. McNamara (D)11R, 7D
1956
1957Frank S. Szymanski (D)John C. Mackie (D)61R, 49D12R, 6D
1958Paul L. Adams (D)
1959John Swainson (D)Otis M. Smith (D)22R, 12D55R, 55D[96]Phil Hart (D)11R, 7D
1960John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson (D) {{Aye}}
1961John Swainson (D)T. John Lesinski (D)Billie S. Farnum (D)56R, 54D11R, 7D
1962Frank J. Kelley (D)
1963George W. Romney (R)[97]23R, 11D58R, 52D11R, 8D
1964Lyndon B. Johnson and Hubert Humphrey (D) {{Aye}}
GovernorLieutenant GovernorSecretary of StateAttorney GeneralTreasurerAuditorHighway CommissionerState SenateState HouseU.S. Senator (Class I)U.S. Senator (Class II)U.S. RepresentativesElectoral College votes
Executive officesState LegislatureUnited States Congress

In 1963, the Michigan Constitution was rewritten, modifying the statewide elected positions.

20th century – 1965 to 1999

YearExecutive officesState LegislatureUnited States CongressElectoral College votes
GovernorLieutenant GovernorSecretary of StateAttorney GeneralState SenateState HouseU.S. Senator (Class I)U.S. Senator (Class II)U.S. Representatives
1965George W. Romney (R)[97]William Milliken (R)James M. Hare (D)[94]Frank J. Kelley (D)23D, 15R73D, 37RPhil Hart (D)Patrick V. McNamara (D)12D, 7RLyndon B. Johnson and Hubert Humphrey (D) {{Aye}}
1966Robert P. Griffin (R)
196720R, 18D[98]56R, 54D[99]12R, 7D
1968Hubert Humphrey and Edmund Muskie (D) {{Nay}}
1969William Milliken (R)[100]vacant57D, 53R
1970Thomas F. Schweigert (R)
1971James H. Brickley (R)Richard H. Austin (D)19R, 19D[101]58D, 52R
1972Richard Nixon and Spiro Agnew (R) {{Aye}}
197360D, 50R
197411R, 8D[102]
1975James Damman (R)24D, 14R66D, 44R12D, 7R
1976Gerald Ford and Bob Dole (R) {{Nay}}
197768D, 42RDonald W. Riegle, Jr. (D)11D, 8R
1978
1979James H. Brickley (R)70D, 40RCarl Levin (D)13D, 6R
1980Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush (R) {{Aye}}
198164D, 46R12D, 7R
1982
1983James Blanchard (D)Martha Griffiths (D)20D, 18R63D, 47R12D, 6R
198420R, 18D[103])
198557D, 53R11D, 7R
1986
198764D, 46R
1988George H. W. Bush and Dan Quayle (R) {{Aye}}
198961D, 49R
1990
1991John Engler (R)Connie Binsfeld (R)
1992Bill Clinton and Al Gore (D) {{Aye}}
199322R, 16D55R, 55D[104]10D, 6R
1994
1995Candice Miller (R)56R, 54DSpencer Abraham (R)9D, 7R
1996
199752R, 58D10D, 6R
1998
1999Dick Posthumus (R)Jennifer Granholm (D)23R, 15D58R, 52D
YearGovernorLieutenant GovernorSecretary of StateAttorney GeneralState SenateState HouseU.S. Senator (Class I)U.S. Senator (Class II)U.S. RepresentativesElectoral College votes
Executive officesState LegislatureUnited States Congress

21st century

YearExecutive officesState LegislatureUnited States CongressElectoral College votes
GovernorLieutenant GovernorSecretary of StateAttorney GeneralState SenateState HouseU.S. Senator (Class I)U.S. Senator (Class II)U.S. Representatives
2000John Engler (R)Dick Posthumus (R)Candice Miller (R)Jennifer Granholm (D)23R, 15D58R, 52DSpencer Abraham (R)Carl Levin (D)10D, 6RAl Gore and Joe Lieberman (D) {{Nay}}
200159R, 51DDebbie Stabenow (D)9D, 7R
2002
2003Jennifer Granholm (D)John D. Cherry (D)Terri Lynn Land (R)Mike Cox (R)22R, 16D62R, 48D9R, 6D
2004John Kerry and John Edwards (D) {{Nay}}
200558R, 52D
2006
200721R, 17D58D, 52R
2008Barack Obama and Joe Biden (D) {{Aye}}
200921R, 16D[105]67D, 43R8D, 7R
201022R, 16D[106]
2011Rick Snyder (R)Brian Calley (R)Ruth Johnson (R)Bill Schuette (R)26R, 12D63R, 47D9R, 6D
201264R, 46D[107]
201359R, 50D, 1I9R, 5D
2014
201527R, 11D63R, 47DGary Peters (D)
2016Donald Trump and Mike Pence (R) {{Aye}}
2017
2018
2019Gretchen Whitmer (D)Garlin Gilchrist (D)Jocelyn Benson (D)Dana Nessel (D)22R, 16D58R, 52D7R, 7D
YearGovernorLieutenant GovernorSecretary of StateAttorney GeneralState SenateState HouseU.S. Senator (Class I)U.S. Senator (Class II)U.S. RepresentativesElectoral College votes
Executive officesState LegislatureUnited States Congress

See also

  • Politics in Michigan
  • Elections in Michigan

References

  • Party organization and machinery in Michigan since 1890, By Arthur Chester Millspaugh (1917) The Johns Hopkins Press Baltimore
  • Livingstone's history of the Republican party, A history of the Republican party from its foundation to the close of the campaign of 1900

Notes

1. ^Until 1851, elections were held in odd number years; since that time, they have been held in even number years, on the first Tuesday in November, coincident with other national and state elections. Winners are now sworn in on January 1. Governors were elected to two year terms from 1837 until 1966 when the term was set at four years. Effective with the 2003 retirement of John Engler, governors are subject to a lifetime term limit of two four year terms.
2. ^State Treasurers are listed for the time period when it was an elective office, (1850–1963).
3. ^[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/30448088 Kintzing Prichette] Find A Grave.
4. ^Richard I. Bonner, (1909), [https://books.google.com/books?id=ywLiAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA611 Memoirs of Lenawee County, Michigan, Vol. 1], Western Historical Association, p. 611.
5. ^Elected a Democratic as Speaker, Charles Whipple. [https://books.google.com/books?id=GRMVAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA191 p. 685]
6. ^Michigan accepted into the Union in 1837.
7. ^A Democrat until 1854, Manning became a Republican because of the Republican Party's anti slavery position. Biographies: Randolph Manning, Michigan Supreme Court Historical Society.
8. ^1 Resigned to take an elected seat in the U.S. Senate.
9. ^Chapter 15: politics in mid-nineteenth-century Michigan., (1995) The Free Library, William B. Eerdmans Publishing.
10. ^1 2 3 As lieutenant governor, acted as governor for unexpired term.
11. ^"American biographical history of eminent and self-made men ... Michigan volume", page 8, Collection: Michigan County Histories and Atlases, University of Michigan Digital Library.
12. ^Stephen D. Bingham, Early history of Michigan, with biographies of state officers, members of Congress, judges and legislators, pages 665–666, University of Michigan Digital Library
13. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/peck.html#R9M0J9412 |title=Index to Politicians: Peck |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=micounty;cc=micounty;q1=redfield;rgn=full%20text;idno=bad6021.0001.001;didno=bad6021.0001.001;view=image;seq=00000553|title=Early history of Michigan, with biographies of state officers, members of Congress, judges and legislators. Pub. pursuant to act 59, 1887|author=Bingham, Stephen D.|page=547|accessdate=2015-01-04|publisher=quod.lib.umich.edu}}
15. ^First elected treasurer
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(4arpx155oyrw0zygyp5ziw3e))/documents/publications/manual/2003-2004/2003-mm-0510-0519-Former.pdf|title=Former officials|date=14 January 2004|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=micounty;cc=micounty;idno=bad6021.0001.001;size=l;frm=frameset;seq=724|title=Michigan County Histories Early history of Michigan with biographies of state officers|page=718|quote=Democrat|publisher=quod.lib.umich.edu|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=micounty;cc=micounty;q1=taylor;rgn=full%20text;idno=bad6021.0001.001;didno=bad6021.0001.001;view=image;seq=635;page=root;size=100|title=Early history of Michigan, with biographies of state officers, members of Congress, judges and legislators. Pub. pursuant to act 59, 1887|author=Bingham, Stephen D.|page=629|publisher=quod.lib.umich.edu|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
19. ^Effective with the Constitution of 1850, terms for Senator were increased to two years.
20. ^Effective with the Constitution of 1850, terms for Representative were increased to two years.
21. ^After a new state constitution was drafted in 1850, McClelland was elected to a single one-year term in 1851. He was then re-elected to a full two-year term in 1852 but resigned to become United States Secretary of the Interior.
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=micounty;cc=micounty;q1=william%20graves;rgn=full%20text;idno=bad6021.0001.001;didno=bad6021.0001.001;view=image;seq=00000310|title=Early history of Michigan, with biographies of state officers, members of Congress, judges and legislators. Pub. pursuant to act 59, 1887|author=Bingham, Stephen D.|page=304|publisher=quod.lib.umich.edu|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
23. ^Democrat, then Republican after 1854 {{cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=micounty;cc=micounty;q1=mckinney;rgn=full%20text;idno=bad6021.0001.001;didno=bad6021.0001.001;view=image;seq=00000458|title=Early history of Michigan, with biographies of state officers, members of Congress, judges and legislators. Pub. pursuant to act 59, 1887|author=Bingham, Stephen D.|page=452|publisher=quod.lib.umich.edu|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
24. ^Ran on the first Republican state ticket in 1854 {{cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=micounty;cc=micounty;q1=holmes;rgn=full%20text;idno=bad6021.0001.001;didno=bad6021.0001.001;view=image;seq=00000355|title=Early history of Michigan, with biographies of state officers, members of Congress, judges and legislators. Pub. pursuant to act 59, 1887|author=Bingham, Stephen D.|page=349|publisher=quod.lib.umich.edu|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.legislature.mi.gov/documents/publications/MichiganManual%5C2009-2010MichiganManual/09-10_MM_III_pp_191-195_FormerState.pdf|date=5 November 2009|title=Michigan Manual 2009 -2010 Chapter III – THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • III-191FORMER STATE LEGISLATURES, 1835-2008|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
26. ^Republican after 1854, Whig before that.{{cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=micounty;cc=micounty;q1=isbell;rgn=full%20text;idno=bad6021.0001.001;didno=bad6021.0001.001;view=image;seq=00000379|title=Early history of Michigan, with biographies of state officers, members of Congress, judges and legislators. Pub. pursuant to act 59, 1887|author=Bingham, Stephen D.|page=373|publisher=quod.lib.umich.edu|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=micounty;cc=micounty;q1=porter;rgn=full%20text;idno=bad6021.0001.001;didno=bad6021.0001.001;view=image;seq=00000536|title=Early history of Michigan, with biographies of state officers, members of Congress, judges and legislators. Pub. pursuant to act 59, 1887|author=Bingham, Stephen D.|page=530|publisher=quod.lib.umich.edu|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
28. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1860/11/05/news/election-morrow-names-candidates-before-people-new-york-massachusetts-illinois.html?scp=4&sq=john+owen+michigan+treasurer&st=p | work=The New York Times | title=The Election To-Morrow.; Names Of The Candidates Before The People. New-York. Massachusetts. Illinois. Michigan. Iowa. New-Jersey. Minnesota. Wisconsin. Delaware | date=1860-11-05}}
29. ^Report of the Attorney General By Michigan. Attorney General's Dept
30. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sparling-spellman.html#R9M0JDIJ8 |title=Index to Politicians: Sparky to Spelts |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
31. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/strickler-strom.html#RO50U9GOC |title=Index to Politicians: Strickler to Strommen |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
32. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/colen-collingwood.html#RS00QU09X |title=Index to Politicians: Colemer to Collini |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-07}}
33. ^{{cite book|title=Appletons' Annual Cyclopaedia and Register of Important Events: Embracing Political, Military, and Ecclesiastical Affairs; Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry|date=1873|publisher=D. Appleton|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jp8YAAAAIAAJ|page=538|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
34. ^{{cite book|title=Michigan History|author1=Fuller, G.N.|author2=Beeson, L.|author3=Michigan Historical Commission|author4=Michigan State Historical Society|author5=Michigan Pioneer and Historical Society|date=1917|publisher=Michigan Historical Commission.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R5kUAAAAYAAJ|page=10|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
35. ^{{cite book|title=Grand Rapids and Kent County, Michigan: Historical Account of Their Progress from First Settlement to the Present Time|author=Fisher, E.B.|date=1918|volume=1|publisher=Robert O. Law Company|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GR_iAAAAMAAJ|page=341|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
36. ^[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40710FE355D1A7493C5AB1783D85F408784F9 POLITICAL CONVENTIONS.; MICHIGAN. THE REPUBLICAN STATE CONVENTION AT LANSING THE STATE TICKET AND PLATFORM ], The New York Times, August 27, 1874
37. ^[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F70D15F73A5C10738DDDA00894DD405B8884F0D3&scp=1&sq=William%20B.%20McCreery&st=cse MICHIGAN FOR ALGER.; THE STATE'S DELEGATES TO THE CHICAGO CONVENTION ], The New York Times, May 8, 1888
38. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jenkinson-jenning.html#RO50UAV9L |title=Index to Politicians: Jenkins-husband to Jenning |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
39. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/princeton-prociuk.html#RS00QVOBT |title=Index to Politicians: Princehouse to Procter |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-07}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=micounty;cc=micounty;idno=bad6019.0002.001;size=l;frm=frameset;seq=095|title=American biographical history of eminent and self-made men ... Michigan volume. [Vol. 2]|publisher=quod.lib.umich.edu|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=micounty;cc=micounty;idno=bad6021.0001.001;size=l;frm=frameset;seq=194|title=Early history of Michigan, with biographies of state officers, members of Congress, judges and legislators. Pub. pursuant to act 59, 1887.|publisher=quod.lib.umich.edu|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
42. ^{{cite book|title=Livingstone's History of the Republican Party: A History of the Republican Party from Its Foundation to the Close of the Campaign of 1900, Including Incidents of Michigan Campaigns and Biographical Sketches ...|author=Livingstone, W.|date=1900|publisher=W. Livingstone|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yMnoBzCLVWkC|page=360|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
43. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/tagawa-talbird.html#RJP0P5Z8U |title=Index to Politicians: Tagaloa to Talbird |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-07}}
44. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/osburn-ostrowski.html#RO50UC805 |title=Index to Politicians: Osbourn to Ostrowsky |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
45. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/malster-manly.html#RS00QXTGK |title=Index to Politicians: Malony to Manly |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-07}}
46. ^Early history of Michigan, with biographies of state officers, members of Congress, judges and legislators. Pub. pursuant to act 59, 1887.Author: Bingham, S. D. (Stephen D.) – p 645  
47. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hurn-hutchin.html#RJP0P7DRI |title=Index to Politicians: Hurliman to Hutchings |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-07}}
48. ^{{cite news| url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB061FFA355F10738DDDAE0894DA415B8085F0D3&scp=5&sq=Daniel%20Soper&st=cse | work=The New York Times | first=Giover | last=Cleveland | title=Delaware And Hudson Canal.; Close Of Navigation After A Most Prosperous Season | date=1890-12-07}}
49. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/ellis.html#RJP0P7SW7 |title=Index to Politicians: Ellis |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-07}}
50. ^{{cite news| url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1890/09/11/103264516.pdf | work=The New York Times | title=Cleveland's Name Cheered.; Enthusiastic Convention Of The Michigan Democrats | date=1890-09-11}}
51. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/blackdon-blackstone.html#RO50UFKQZ |title=Index to Politicians: Blackburne to Blackton |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
52. ^Removed from office.Political Graveyard
53. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|title=Livingstone's history of the Republican party: A history of the Republican party from its foundation to the close of the campaign of 1900, including incidents of Michigan campaigns and biographical sketches ...|author=Livingstone, W.|date=1900|publisher=W. Livingstone|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-t-HAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
54. ^Removed from office Political Graveyard
55. ^Initially appointed to fill vacancy; later elected in his own right.
56. ^Indicted on 48 charges of embezzlement Political graveyard
57. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/steck-steel.html#RS00R22VT |title=Index to Politicians: Stebe to Steel |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-07}}
58. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stearns.html#RO50UI1GM |title=Index to Politicians: Stearns |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
59. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(4arpx155oyrw0zygyp5ziw3e))/documents/publications/manual/2003-2004/2003-mm-0510-0519-Former.pdf|date=14 January 2004|title=510 CHAPTER IV • THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH FORMER OFFICIALS OF MICHIGAN FRENCH-CANADIAN GOVERNORS, 1603-1760|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
60. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warner-warnock.html#RH801CNDE |title=Index to Politicians: Warner to Warra |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
61. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/blair.html#RJP0P9HVO |title=Index to Politicians: Blair |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
62. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/prescott.html#RMC03Z650 |title=Index to Politicians: Prescott |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
63. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bird.html |title=Index to Politicians: Bird |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
64. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/martina-martinelli.html |title=Index to Politicians: Martin-trigona to Martinelli |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
65. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kuhn.html#RJP0PBMI6 |title=Index to Politicians: Kuhn |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
66. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wyche-wyvell.html#RJP0PC3MK |title=Index to Politicians: Wyble to Wywiorski |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
67. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fellows.html#RJP0PD6J5 |title=Index to Politicians: Fellows |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
68. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/vaughan.html#RO50UL3H0 |title=Index to Politicians: Vaughan |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
69. ^{{cite news| url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/freep/access/1784764252.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Sep+27%2C+1922&author=RAY+JOHNSON%3BFree+Press+Staff+Correspondent&pub=Detroit+Free+Press+(1858-1922)&edition=&startpage=4&desc=HARMONY+KEY+AS+G.O.P.MEETS | work=Detroit Free Press | first=Ray | last=Johnson | title=Harmony Key As G.O.P.Meets | date=1922-09-27}}
70. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dehart-deland.html#RO50ULI09 |title=Index to Politicians: Dehaan to Deland |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
71. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wiley.html#RJP0PF3ZS |title=Index to Politicians: Wiley to Wiley-segovia |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
72. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dougherty.html#RJP0PFUEB |title=Index to Politicians: Dougherty |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
73. ^Indicted for bribery in 1994 but the case ended when the star witness, Sen. Warren G. Hooper was murdered. Bio at Political Graveyard
74. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/resa-reynold.html#RJP0PGVCQ |title=Index to Politicians: Resa to Reynoldo |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
75. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/haggerty.html#RS00Q5NGI |title=Index to Politicians: Haggerty |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
76. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#RH801N11E |title=Index to Politicians: Fitzgerald |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
77. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/voorheis-vyzral.html#RJP0PIY2J |title=Index to Politicians: Voorheis to Vyzral |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
78. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/obrien7.html#RJP0PJE6A |title=Index to Politicians: Obrien, O to R |publisher=The Political Graveyard}}
79. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/atwood.html#RS00Q90X6 |title=Index to Politicians: Atwood |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-04}}
80. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/townshend-trachtenberg.html#RJP0PJZT5 |title=Index to Politicians: Townshend to Trachtenberg |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
81. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/crowley-crowly.html#RJP0PL4WC |title=Index to Politicians: Crowl to Crowly |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
82. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/case.html#RS00Q9GNE |title=Index to Politicians: Case |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-05}}
83. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/starr.html#RJP0PLQT4 |title=Index to Politicians: Starr |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
84. ^Died in office.
85. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly4.html#RH801SPQV |title=Index to Politicians: Kelly, G to I |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-05}}
86. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rushern-russel.html#RJP0PNPGL |title=Index to Politicians: Rushe to Russel |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
87. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dickman-diket.html#RQ90OSHF9 |title=Index to Politicians: Dickison to Dikis |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-05}}
88. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/eldersveld-eldredge.html#RJP0POXG7 |title=Index to Politicians: Elderdice to Eldrich |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
89. ^Political Graveyard
90. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.micourthistory.org/bios.php?id=84|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615073203/http://www.micourthistory.org/bios.php?id=84 |archive-date=2011-06-15 |dead-url=yes|title=Michigan Supreme Court History Society ::|publisher=Micourthistory.org|date=|accessdate=2015-01-04}}
91. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/lawyer.Q-R.html |title=Lawyer Politicians in Michigan, Q-R |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
92. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/miley-millender.html#RJP0PQNA1 |title=Index to Politicians: Miles-lagrange to Millentree |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-06}}
93. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cleage-clemente.html#RWL0433IY |title=Index to Politicians: Cleage to Clementine |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-05}}
94. ^1 {{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hare-harju.html |title=Index to Politicians: Hardy-wrigley to Harju |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-05}}
95. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence Kestenbaum |url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufmann-keast.html |title=Index to Politicians: Kaufmann to Keastner |publisher=The Political Graveyard |date= |accessdate=2011-01-07}}
96. ^Due to a change in rules, Republicans organized the chamber on a 55-54 vote and elected a Speaker, Don R. Pears, of their party when a Democrat, Josephine Hunsinger, left for an emergency appendectomy. [https://books.google.com/books?id=tv4iztWcOnkC&pg=PA20&lpg=PA20&dq=michigan+house+of+representatives+1958+elections+tied+chamber&source=bl&ots=N2V89Q3_3z&sig=TN4MK2cf8QbF-FpnS1cuPuFGwQ4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBmoVChMI14ySl_3NyAIVyJyICh3lOwDO#v=onepage&q=michigan%20house%20of%20representatives%201958%20elections%20tied%20chamber&f=false p. 20]
97. ^1 Resigned to become United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
98. ^Effective with the Constitution of 1964, senators started to be elected to four-year terms, all at the same election. This went into effect at the 1966 election.
99. ^The 1966 Midterms yielded a 55-55 split, but the Republicans prevailed on a Democrat to skip on the vote for Speaker and be able to organize the chamber on a 55-54 vote due to a rule change, like was done in 1959. Robert E. Waldron became Speaker, and the Republicans ran the chamber. The Democrat, E.D. O'Brien, became a Republican for the purposes of composition for the rest of the session. [https://books.google.com/books?id=tv4iztWcOnkC&pg=PA20&lpg=PA20&dq=michigan+house+of+representatives+1958+elections+tied+chamber&source=bl&ots=N2V89Q3_3z&sig=TN4MK2cf8QbF-FpnS1cuPuFGwQ4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBmoVChMI14ySl_3NyAIVyJyICh3lOwDO#v=onepage&q=michigan%20house%20of%20representatives%201958%20elections%20tied%20chamber&f=false p. 20]
100. ^As lieutenant governor, acted as governor for unexpired term and was later elected in his own right.
101. ^The Republicans organized the Senate with the tie-breaking vote of the Lt. Governor. [https://books.google.com/books?id=tv4iztWcOnkC&pg=PA20&lpg=PA20&dq=michigan+house+of+representatives+1958+elections+tied+chamber&source=bl&ots=N2V89Q3_3z&sig=TN4MK2cf8QbF-FpnS1cuPuFGwQ4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBmoVChMI14ySl_3NyAIVyJyICh3lOwDO#v=onepage&q=michigan%20house%20of%20representatives%201958%20elections%20tied%20chamber&21false p. 21]
102. ^Donald W. Riegle, Jr. switched parties from Republican to Democrat on February 27, 1973
103. ^Two Democratic Senators, David Serotkin and Phil Mastin, were recalled after a tax hike during the legislative session earlier in the year. The recalls flipped the chamber to the Republicans. [https://www.nytimes.com/1983/12/01/us/around-the-nation-michigan-voters-oust-2d-legislator-over-taxes.html]
104. ^A power-sharing agreement was negotiated between the Democrats and Republicans to control the chamber. [https://books.google.com/books?id=tv4iztWcOnkC&pg=PA20&lpg=PA20&dq=michigan+house+of+representatives+1958+elections+tied+chamber&source=bl&ots=N2V89Q3_3z&sig=TN4MK2cf8QbF-FpnS1cuPuFGwQ4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBmoVChMI14ySl_3NyAIVyJyICh3lOwDO#v=onepage&q=michigan%20house%20of%20representatives%201958%20elections%20tied%20chamber&f=false p. 23]
105. ^Sen. Mark Schauer resigned his 19th District seat to take office as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives.
106. ^Mike Nofs won the special election to take Schauer's seat, flipping the seat to the Republicans.  
107. ^Rep. Roy Schmidt switched parties from Democrat to Republican on May 15th.  
{{Political party strength in U.S. states}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Political Party Strength In Michigan}}

3 : Politics of Michigan|Government of Michigan|Political party strength by state in the United States
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