| 词条 | Posidonia Shale | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Posidonia Shale | image = Posidonienschiefer.jpg | caption = Posidonia Shale at Hesselberg | type = Geological formation | age = Toarcian | period = Toarcian | prilithology = Shale | otherlithology = | namedfor = Posidonia bronni | namedby = | region = Northwest German Basin, Southwest German Basin | country = {{GER}} {{NED}} | coordinates = | unitof = Altena Group (Netherlands) | subunits = | underlies = Jurensismergel Formation (Germany) Werkendam Formation (Netherlands) | overlies = Amaltheenton Formation (Germany) Aalburg Formation (Netherlands) | thickness = | extent = | area = | map = Lithostratigraphie_s%C3%BCddeutscher_Jura.svg | map_caption = Lithostratigraphy of the Posidonia Shale in Germany }} The Posidonia Shale is an Early Jurassic geological formation of south-western Germany, including exceptionally well-preserved complete skeletons of fossil marine fish and reptiles.[1] The Posidonienschiefer, as German paleontologists call it, takes its name from the ubiquitous fossils of Posidonia bronni that characterize its fauna. The formation comprises finely laminated layers of oil shales formed of fine-grained sediments intercalated with bituminous limestones and crops out in a number of locations in southwestern Germany, although most remains are from near the village of Holzmaden.[1] The European oil shales deposited on a sea floor during the Early Toarcian in the ancient Tethys Ocean are described as being deposited in an anoxic, or oxygen-depleted, deep water environment, although the details of the depositional environment are the subject of debate by researchers of the formation.[1] In addition to their Posidonia bronni, the shales contain some spectacularly detailed fossils of other Jurassic sea creatures—ichthyosaurs and plesiosaurs, spiral-shelled ammonites and crinoids, or sea-lilies.[2] {{clearboth}}PaleofaunaIchthyosaurs
Plesiosaurs
Pterosaurs
References{{Portal|Geology|Paleontology}}1. ^1 2 {{cite book|author=Bottjer, Etter, Hagadorn, Tang, editors|title=Exceptional Fossil Preservation|year=2001|publisher=Columbia University Press}} 2. ^David Quammen, The Boilerplate Rhino: Nature in the Eye of the Beholder 2000:41. 3. ^1 2 {{cite journal|authors=Adam S. Smith, Peggy Vincent |year=2010 |title=A new genus of pliosaur (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Lower Jurassic of Holzmaden, Germany |journal=Palaeontology |volume=53 |issue=5 |pages=1049–1063 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00975.x}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Wellnhofer, Peter (1991). "Summary of Lower Jurassic Pterosaurs." The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs. London, UK: Salamander Books Limited. p. 79. {{ISBN|0-86101-566-5}}. External links
9 : Geologic formations of Germany|Jurassic System of Europe|Jurassic Germany|Toarcian Stage|Shale formations|Open marine deposits|Source rock formations|Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of Europe|Paleontology in Germany |
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