| 词条 | Léon Brunschvicg |
| 释义 |
| region = Western philosophy | era = 20th-century philosophy | image = | name = Léon Brunschvicg | birth_date = {{Birth date|1869|11|10|df=y}} | birth_place = Paris, France | death_date = {{death date and age|1944|1|18|1869|11|10|df=y}} | death_place = Aix-les-Bains, France | alma_mater = École Normale Supérieure | spouse = Cécile Kahn | institutions = University of Paris | school_tradition = French Idealism Critical philosophy[1] French historical epistemology[2] | thesis_title = {{lang|fr|La Modalité du jugement}} | thesis_year = 1897 | doctoral_students= Gaston Bachelard | main_interests = Philosophy of mathematics | influences = {{hlist | Immanuel Kant | Arthur Schopenhauer | Michel de Montaigne | René Descartes | Blaise Pascal | Charles Renouvier}} | influenced = {{hlist | Raymond Aron | Jean Cavaillès | Alexandre Koyré | Gaston Bachelard[3] | Louis Lavelle}} | notable_ideas = }} Léon Brunschvicg ({{IPA-fr|leɔ̃ bʁœ̃svik|lang}}; 10 November 1869 – 18 January 1944) was a French Idealist philosopher. He co-founded the Revue de métaphysique et de morale with Xavier Leon and Élie Halévy in 1893. LifeHe was born into a Jewish family.[4][5] From 1895–1900 he taught at the Lycée Pierre Corneille in Rouen.[6] In 1897 he completed his thesis under the title {{lang|fr|La Modalité du jugement}} (The Modalities of Judgement). In 1909 he became professor of philosophy at the Sorbonne. He was married to Cécile Kahn,[7] a major campaigner for women's suffrage in France, with whom he had four children. Forced to leave his position at the Sorbonne by the Nazis, Brunschvicg fled to the south of France, where he died at the age of 74. While in hiding, he wrote studies of Montaigne, Descartes, and Pascal that were printed in Switzerland. He composed a manual of philosophy dedicated to his teenage granddaughter entitled Héritage de Mots, Héritage d'Idées (Legacy of Words, Legacy of Ideas) which was published posthumously after the liberation of France. His reinterpretation of Descartes has become the foundation for a new idealism. Brunschvicg defined philosophy as "the mind's methodical self-reflection" and gave a central role to judgement. The publication of Brunschvicg's oeuvre has been recently completed after unpublished materials held in Russia were returned to his family in 2001. Works (selective list)
Notes1. ^Frederick Copleston, A History of Philosophy: Maine de Biran to Sartre, Paulist Press, 1975, p. 150. 2. ^E. Reck (ed.), The Historical Turn in Analytic Philosophy, Springer, 2016: ch. 2.1. 3. ^Joseph W. Dauben and Christoph J. Scriba (eds.), Writing the History of Mathematics – Its Historical Development, 2002, p. 33. 4. ^Susan Zuccotti, The Holocaust, the French, and the Jews, University of Nebraska Press (1999), p. 10 5. ^Venita Datta, Birth of a National Icon: The Literary Avant-Garde and the Origins of the Intellectual in France, SUNY Press (1999), p. 96 6. ^Lycée Pierre Corneille de Rouen - History 7. ^Visages du féminisme réformiste - C. Brunschvicg {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051016095827/http://bu.univ-angers.fr/EXTRANET/CAF/catalogue/Brunschvicg.html |date=2005-10-16 }} at bu.univ-angers.fr Further reading
External links
17 : 1869 births|1944 deaths|French Jews|Jewish philosophers|Writers from Paris|École Normale Supérieure alumni|University of Paris faculty|French historians of philosophy|Epistemologists|Continental philosophers|19th-century French writers|19th-century philosophers|20th-century French philosophers|Members of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques|French male writers|19th-century male writers|Spinoza scholars |
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