“Malvern Wells”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Malvern Wells lies on the eastern slopes of the Malvern Hills south of Great Malvern (the town centre of Malvern) and north of Little Malvern. It takes its name from the Malvern water issuing from springs on the hills, principally from the Holy Well and the Eye Well.^[2] The northern end of the parish includes the Wyche Cutting, the historic salt route pass through the hills, which form the border between the counties of Herefordshire (on the western side) and Worcestershire. The actual cutting through the granite hill face is at a height of 856 feet above sea level.

The northern part of the parish includes the "Fruitlands" housing estate. In the southern part of the parish is the settlement of Upper Welland. To the east of the village of Malvern Wells, and also in the parish, is the Three Counties Showground.

Wells

In 1558 Queen Elizabeth I granted the land to John Hornyold, lord of the manor, under the premise that any pilgrim or traveller should be able to draw rest and refreshment from the Holy Well, a covenant which still stands today. The first record of spring water being bottled in the UK is from 1622, at Holy Well.^[3] Holy Well was later used by the Schweppes Company as the source for bottled Malvern Water sold at the Great Exhibition of 1851.^[4]

Amenities

All Saints, the parish church, was built by a local builder, William Porter, to a design by Troyte Griffith – a friend of Edward Elgar who is depicted in the "Enigma Variations". The church was consecrated on 19 November 1903. There is evidence to suggest{{citation needed|date=June 2013}} that Elgar composed part of the "Enigma Variations" in the church, but his offer of the original manuscript of his oratorio "The Apostles", as a gift to the church, was refused by the Anglican church authorities because Elgar was a Roman Catholic and the oratorio was heavily based in that tradition. Next to the church is the Wyche School; "Land of Hope and Glory", set to Elgar's Pomp and Circumstance March No. 1, was first performed here in the presence of Elgar. In later life Elgar came to tire of the work for "its jingoism and the fact it overshadowed everything else he wrote."^[5]

The Malvern Wells War Memorial honours local people killed and injured in the First and Second World Wars. It was designed by the Arts and Crafts architect and designer C.F.A. Voysey, and was unveiled in 1920.^[6] The village has a petrol station, a convenience store, a post office and several other small businesses.

Education

Transport

The nearer of the two Malvern railway stations to the village is Great Malvern on the Worcester to Hereford line. It has services to Birmingham and to London Paddington station. The village is served by a daily long-distance coach service between Worcester and London Victoria.^[9] There are regular bus links with Great Malvern and Malvern Link.^[10]

Railway history

Previously served by Malvern Hanley Road railway station on the Tewkesbury and Malvern Railway was a branch of the Midland Railway which ran from Ashchurch via Tewkesbury to Great Malvern. This opened on 16 May 1864. With the regrouping in 1923, it became part of the London Midland and Scottish Railway. The section from Malvern to Upton-upon-Severn was closed in December 1952. The remainder closed to passengers on 14 August 1961. Freight continued to be carried to Upton until July 1963 and to Tewkesbury until December 1964.^[12]

Notable people

References

1. ^{{NOMIS2011 |id=1170219483 |title=Malvern Wells Parish |accessdate=17 March 2018}}
2. ^Malvern Wells PC – wells Retrieved 14 October 2009
3. ^{{citation |year=2009 |author=Smart, Mike |title=The Malvern Hills |place=London |publisher=Frances Lincoln Ltd |page=17 |isbn=978-0-7112-2915-0}}
4. ^Official Malvern Water brochure, Coca-Cola Enterprises Ltd. (2009)
5. ^Guardian feature [https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2015/jun/25/works-hated-by-their-own-composers-beethoven-wagner-tchaikovsky-elgar Retrieved 25 August 2018.]
6. ^War Memorial: Malvern Wells (WMR-32991): War Memorial: Malvern Wells (WMR-8111), accessdate: 2 January 2018
7. ^Malvern Wells PC – education {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503045538/http://www.malvernwells-pc.gov.uk/index.php/education |date=3 May 2009 Retrieved 14 October 2009.}}
8. ^School etc. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
9. ^Timetable Retrieved 14 February 2016.
10. ^Timetable, e. g. Retrieved 14 February 2016.{{dead link |date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}
11. ^Butt, R. V. J., (1995) The Directory of Railway Stations, Yeovil: Patrick Stephens.
12. ^"Upton's Railway Station". Retrieved 28 September 2016.
13. ^ODNB entry on Chatterton, Henrietta Georgiana Marcia Lascelles. Retrieved 13 November 2012. Pay-walled.
14. ^{{cite book |last=Collett |first=Pauline |title=Elgar lived here |year=1981 |publisher=Thames Publishing |location=London |isbn=0-905210-14-X|page=49}}
15. ^The Independent [https://www.independent.co.uk/student/postgraduate/mbas-guide/an-education-in-the-life-of-rick-stein-master-chef-638439.html Retrieved 14 February 2016.]

Location