| 词条 | Andrew Bradford |
| 释义 |
Life and careerHe was the son of a printer, and grandson of two others. He was born to William and Elizabeth Sowle Bradford in Philadelphia. In 1692, the family moved to New York, and there he learned the printing trade from his father. In 1709, Andrew Bradford was listed as a printer in New York; that year, he declined an offer from Rhode Island to become that colony's printer.[1] He returned to Philadelphia in 1712 and opened his own print shop. On December 22, 1719, he began publication of The American Weekly Mercury. This was the first newspaper in Philadelphia and enjoyed a wide circulation. He also taught the print business to his nephew William Bradford and for a time employed Benjamin Franklin when Franklin first came to Philadelphia, introduced by Bradford's father William.[4] Franklin would go on to establish a rival printing press and newspaper, the Pennsylvania Gazette, in Philadelphia. On February 13, 1741, Bradford published the first issue of the American Magazine, the first magazine to be published in America — beating out Franklin for the honor by three days.[2] Throughout the 1720s, Bradford published political pamphlets critical of the local government, denouncing its "sinking credit" and supporting freedom of the press. He also published "Busy-Body" essays, criticisms of the colonial government penned by Franklin and Joseph Breintnall, in the Mercury. For these political actions, Bradford was brought before a council, censured several times, and jailed once.[1] Bradford's first wife was Dorcas Boels, who died in 1739. Bradford then married Cornelia Smith, who took over his print shop and newspaper upon his death in 1742.[5] References1. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=American National Biography|year=2010|publisher=Oxford University Press / American National Biography|author=Craig, Raymond A.|chapter=Andrew Bradford}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|last=Mott|first=Frank Luther|title=A History of American Magazines|year=1970|publisher=Harvard Univ. Press|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|isbn=9780674395503|page=71|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TIN35IEDPX8C&lpg=PA71&ots=Tnwkkf6hZB&dq=%22american%20magazine%22%20andrew%20bradford&pg=PA71#v=onepage&q&f=false|edition=Nachdr.}} 3. ^Steven J. Shaw. Colonial Newspaper Advertising: A Step toward Freedom of the Press. The Business History Review, Vol. 33, No. 3 (Autumn, 1959), pp. 409-420 4. ^{{cite book|title=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2004|publisher=Oxford University Press|author=Calhoun Winton|accessdate=8 May 2013|chapter=Bradford, William (1663–1752)}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=De Armond|first=Anna Janney|title=Notable American Women, A Biographical Dictionary: 1607-1950 (Vol.1-3)|year=1971|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=9780674627345|pages=219–220|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=b6h&AN=34644211&site=brc-live|accessdate=3 May 2013|chapter=BRADFORD, Cornelia Smith.}} Further reading
External links
8 : 1686 births|1742 deaths|American printers|Businesspeople from Philadelphia|People of colonial Pennsylvania|American newspaper founders|American publishers (people)|Journalists from Pennsylvania |
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