| 词条 | Sir Archibald Macdonald, 1st Baronet |
| 释义 |
Sir Archibald Macdonald, 1st Baronet (13 July 1747 – 18 May 1826) was a British lawyer, judge and politician. Early lifeHe was the posthumous son of Sir Alexander Macdonald, 7th Baronet, and younger brother of the 8th baronet (see Baron Macdonald), born at Armadale Castle on Skye. He was brought to England, away from Jacobite influence and entered Westminster School in 1760. He went on to Christ Church, Oxford in 1764, graduating B.A. in 1768 and M.A. in 1772. He was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1770.[1] In politicsMacdonald was Member of Parliament for Hindon in Wiltshire (1777–1780) and then for Newcastle-under-Lyme (1780–1792), a seat where his father-in-law had a strong influence.[1] In politics, Macdonald followed the Whig lead of his father-in-law. He became solicitor-general in 1784 and attorney-general, and was knighted, in 1788. He served as the prosecutor in Thomas Paine's criminal libel trial over the publication of Rights of Man in 1792.[1] JudgeMacdonald was appointed as second judge of the Carmarthen circuit in Wales in 1780. He was promoted as Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer in 1793, and served in this post until he retired in 1813, with failing eyesight.[1] On his retirement from the court, Macdonald was created a baronet, on 27 November 1813.[2] FamilyIn 1777, Macdonald married Lady Louisa Leveson-Gower, daughter of Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford (at the time called by the courtesy title Earl Gower), then Lord President of the Council. They had two sons and five daughters.[1][2] Three children of the marriage survived Macdonald, including Sir James Macdonald, 2nd Baronet (1784–1832).[1] Susan (1780–1803) was the illustrator of "The Sports of the Genii" (1804) by Anne Hunter.[3] Caroline Diana (1790–1867) married the cleric Thomas Randolph, son of John Randolph, and was mother of the naval officer George Granville Randolph.[1][4][5][6][7] References
Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite ODNB | first=David | last=Lemmings | title=Macdonald, Sir Archibald, first baronet (1747–1826) | id = 17429 | accessdate=31 August 2008}} {{S-start}}{{s-par|en}}{{s-bef|before= Richard Smith 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1790-1820/member/macdonald-sir-archibald-1747-1826|title=Macdonald, Sir Archibald (1747–1826), of East Sheen, Surr., History of Parliament Online|accessdate=11 September 2018}} 3. ^{{cite DNB|wstitle=Macdonald, Archibald (1747-1826)|volume=35}} 4. ^Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715-1886/Randolph, Thomas (3) 5. ^{{cite ODNB|id=35670|first=Andrew|last=Lambert|title=Randolph, Sir George Granville}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Dod|first1=Charles Roger|last2=Dod|first2=Robert Phipps|title=Dod's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage of Great Britain and Ireland, Including All the Titled Classes|accessdate=10 September 2018|year=1904|page=754}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=The Gentleman's Magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3MlKAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA586|year=1813|publisher=E. Cave|page=586}} Henry Dawkins }}{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for Hindon | years = 1777–1780 | with = Henry Dawkins }}{{s-aft|after= Lloyd Kenyon Nathaniel William Wraxall}}{{s-bef|before= Viscount Chewton Viscount Trentham }}{{s-ttl | title = Member of Parliament for Newcastle-under-Lyme | years = 1780–1793 | with = Viscount Trentham 1779–1784 | with2 = Richard Vernon 1784–1790 | with3 = John Leveson-Gower 1790–1792 | with4 = William Egerton 1792–1793 }}{{s-aft|after= Sir Francis Ford William Egerton }}{{s-legal}}{{s-bef|before= Sir James Eyre }}{{s-ttl|title= Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer |years=1793–1813 }}{{s-aft|after= Sir Vicary Gibbs }}{{s-reg|uk-bt}}{{s-new|creation}}{{s-ttl|title= Baronet (of East Sheen) |years=1813–1826 }}{{s-aft|after= James Macdonald }}{{S-end}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2012}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Macdonald, Archibald}} 14 : 1747 births|1826 deaths|Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom|People educated at Westminster School, London|Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford|Members of Lincoln's Inn|Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies|Chief Barons of the Exchequer|Younger sons of baronets|British MPs 1774–80|British MPs 1780–84|British MPs 1784–90|British MPs 1790–96|Politics of the Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme |
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