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词条 SS Gracechurch
释义

  1. Engines

  2. Names and owners

  3. Loss

  4. Replacement ships

  5. References

  6. Sources & further reading

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}{{Use British English|date=January 2017}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Ship caption=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=Ship country= United KingdomUK|civil}}Ship name=Gracechurch[1]Ship owner=Gracechurch Shipping Co.[1]Ship operator=James, Muers & Co.[1]Ship ordered=Ship builder=William Doxford & Sons, Sunderland[2][5]Ship yard number=Ship laid down=Ship launched=1930[5]Ship completed=April 1930[2][5]Ship acquired=Ship in service=UK|civil}} London[2]Ship identification=*Code Letters LFSR
  • {{ICS|Lima}}{{ICS|Foxtrot}}{{ICS|Sierra}}{{ICS|Romeo}}[2]
  • UK official number 161390[2]
Ship out of service=1933[1]Ship fate=Sold[1]Ship status=wreckShip notes=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=titleShip name=Peebles[3]Ship owner=B.J. Sutherland & Co[1]Ship operator=B.J. Sutherland & CoShip acquired=1933[1]Ship in service=UK|civil}} Newcastle-upon-Tyne[1]Ship identification=Ship out of service=1936[1]Ship fate=SoldShip status=Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=titleShip name=Mill Hill[3]Ship namesake=Mill Hill, north LondonShip owner=Mill Hill Steam Ship Co, Ltd.[3]Ship operator=Counties Ship Management Co Ltd, London[1][4]Ship acquired=1936[1]Ship in service=UK|civil}} Newcastle-upon-Tyne[3]Ship identification=*call sign GTJL
  • {{ICS|Golf}}{{ICS|Tango}}{{ICS|Juliet}}{{ICS|Lima}}[3]
  • UK official number 161390[3]
Ship out of service= 30 August 1940[1][4]Ship fate=Sunk by torpedo[1][4]Ship status=Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship class=Ship type=cargo ship4318}};[2]
  • tonnage under deck 4,025;[2]
  • {{NRT|2600}}[2]
Ship displacement=320.4|ft|m|abbr=on}}[2]52.9|ft|m|abbr=on}}[2]24.9|ft|m|abbr=on}}[2]Ship draught=Ship ice class=Ship power=368 NHP[2]Ship propulsion=3-cylinder triple expansion steam engine;[2] single screwShip speed=Ship capacity=Ship crew=34[4]Ship armament=Ship notes=
}}

SS Gracechurch was a UK {{GRT|4318}} cargo ship built by William Doxford & Sons at Pallion on Wearside in 1930.[2] She twice changed owners and names, becoming SS Peebles in 1933 and SS Mill Hill in 1936. She was sunk by a German submarine in August 1940.

Engines

The ship had nine corrugated furnaces with a combined grate area of {{convert|187|sqft|0}} feeding three 180 lbf/in2 single-ended boilers with a combined heating surface of {{convert|6105|sqft|0}}.[2]

Names and owners

Gracechurch was first owned by Gracechurch Shipping Co of Newcastle and managed by James, Muers & Co of Cardiff.[1] In 1933 she was sold to B.J. Sutherland & Co who renamed her Peebles.

In 1936 she was sold to the Mill Hill Steam Ship Co Ltd,[3] which was controlled by Counties Ship Management (an offshoot of the Rethymnis & Kulukundis shipbroking company of London[5]) who renamed her Mill Hill.[1]

Loss

{{location map|UK Scotland|relief=1|width=304
|lat= 58.48
|long= -6.49
|caption=Approximate position of Gracechurch{{'}}s wreck
|AlternativeMap=
}}

On 16 August 1940 Mill Hill left Halifax, Nova Scotia as a member of convoy HX-66A laden with pig iron and scrap steel{{sfn|Slader,|1988|p=63}} for Middlesbrough, England.[4] Between 0220 and 0248 hrs on 30 August 58 miles off Cape Wrath in the north of Scotland {{GS|U-32|1937|2}} torpedoed the convoy, sinking three ships.[4] One was Mill Hill, which sank within a few minutes with the loss of all hands.[4]

Replacement ships

Gracechurch was the third of four ships that B.J. Sutherland & Co named Peebles.[1] When Sutherland sold her in 1936, William Doxford & Sons completed a new 4,982 ton cargo ship MV Peebles for Sutherland.[1] She survived the Second World War and in 1951 Sutherland sold her to Westralian Farmers Transport who renamed her Swanstream.[1] In 1957 Westralian sold to J. Manners & Co. of Hong Kong who renamed her San Fernando.[1] In 1965 Manners sold to her to Yong & Lee Timber who renamed her Phoenician Star.[1] She was scrapped at Hong Kong in 1967.[1]Gracechurch was the first of two ships that Counties Ship Management named Mill Hill. In 1947 CSM bought the 7,219 ton Liberty ship SS Samdon and renamed her SS Mill Hill. Samdon had been built by New England Shipbuilding Corporation of Portland, Maine in 1943.[6] In 1949 she was transferred from CSM to a new Rethymnis and Kulukundis company, London and Overseas Freighters, retaining the name Mill Hill. In 1951 LOF sold her to new owners who renamed her Educator.[5] She was scrapped in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1961.[7]

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 {{cite web |url=http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/lines/bjsutherland.htm |title=B.J. Sutherland & Co., Ltd. Newcastle upon Tyne 1892-1954 |last=Swiggum |first=S |date=1997–2010 |work=The Ships List |publisher=S Swiggum, M Kohli |accessdate=26 July 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610202006/http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/lines/bjsutherland.htm |archivedate=10 June 2010 |df=dmy-all }}
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 {{cite book |url=http://www.plimsollshipdata.org/pdffile.php?name=33b0363.pdf |year=1932 |title=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |location=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register |accessdate=23 March 2013}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book |url= http://www.plimsollshipdata.org/pdffile.php?name=35b0968.pdf |year=1935 |title=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |location=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register |accessdate=23 March 2013}}
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite web|url=http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/ships/499.html |title=Mill Hill |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |date=1995–2010 |work=uboat.net |publisher=Guðmundur Helgason |accessdate=26 July 2010}}
5. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.lof-news.co.uk/CountiesHistory/Counties1.htm |title=Counties Ship Management 1934-2007 |last=Fenton |first=Roy |year=2006 |work=LOF-News |publisher= |page=1 |accessdate=26 July 2010}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.plimsollshipdata.org/ship.php?ship_id=34019&name=Samdon |year=1943 |title=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |location=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register |accessdate=26 July 2010}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/LibShipsS.html |title=Liberty Ships - S |date= |work=Mariners |publisher= |accessdate=26 July 2010}}

Sources & further reading

  • {{cite book |last=Sedgwick |first=Stanley |editor1-last=Kinnaird |editor1-first=Mark |editor2-last=O'Donoghue |editor2-first=K.J. |title=London & Overseas Freighters, 1948-92: A Short History |origyear=1992 |year=1993 |publisher=World Ship Society |location= |isbn=0-905617-68-1 |ref=harv}}
  • {{cite book |last1=Sedgwick |first1=Stanley |last2=Sprake |first2=R.F. |title=London & Overseas Freighters Limited 1949-1977 |year=1977 |publisher=World Ship Society |location= |isbn=0-905617-01-0 |ref=harv}}
  • {{cite book |last=Slader |first=John |title=The Red Duster at War |year=1988 |publisher=William Kimber & Co Ltd |location=London |isbn=0-7183-0679-1 |page=63 |ref=harv}}
{{coord|58.48|N|06.49|W|display=title}}{{August 1940 shipwrecks}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gracechurch}}

8 : 1930 ships|Maritime incidents in August 1940|Ships lost with all hands|Ships of Counties Ship Management|Ships sunk by German submarines in World War II|Ships built on the River Wear|World War II merchant ships of the United Kingdom|World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
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