| 词条 | Minangkabau language | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Minangkabau | nativename = {{lang|min|Baso Minangkabau}} {{lang|min-Arab|باسو مينڠكاباو}} | states = Indonesia, Malaysia (Negeri Sembilan) | region = West Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, Bengkulu, North Sumatra, Aceh (Indonesia), Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia) | ethnicity = Minangkabau | speakers = {{sigfig|5.53|2}} million in Indonesia | date = 2007 | ref = e18 | speakers2 = 901,000 in Malaysia (2016)[1] | familycolor = Austronesian | fam2 = Malayo-Polynesian | fam3 = Malayo-Sumbawan (?) | fam4 = Malayic | fam5 = Malayan | dia1 = West Sumatran Minangkabau, Negeri Sembilan Malay, Aneuk Jamee, Mukomuko, Kampar, Kuantan Singingi, Rawa | script = Latin (Malay alphabet) Arabic script (Jawi alphabet) | nation = {{flagicon|West Sumatra}} (West Sumatra) {{flagicon|Negeri Sembilan}} (Negeri Sembilan) | minority = {{flagicon|Indonesia}} (North Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, Bengkulu, Jakarta and West Java) {{SIN}} {{NLD}} | agency = Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa | iso2 = min | lc1 = min | ld1 = Minangkabau | lc2 = zmi | ld2 = Negeri Sembilan Malay | glotto = mina1268 | glottoname = Minangkabau | glotto2 = nege1240 | glottoname2 = Negeri Sembilan Malay | map = Sumatra Ethnic Groups Map en.svg | mapcaption = Map of Minangkabau language in Sumatra is shown by light and dark olive }} Minangkabau (Minangkabau: Baso Minang(kabau); {{lang-id|Bahasa Minangkabau}}) is an Austronesian language spoken by the Minangkabau of West Sumatra, the western part of Riau, South Aceh Regency, the northern part of Bengkulu and Jambi, also in several cities throughout Indonesia by migrated Minangkabau.[2] The language is also a lingua franca along the western coastal region of the province of North Sumatra, and is even used in parts of Aceh, where the language is called Aneuk Jamee. It is also spoken in some parts of Malaysia, especially Negeri Sembilan. Due to the huge proximity between the Minangkabau language and Malay, there is some controversy regarding the relationship between the two. Some see Minangkabau as a nonstandardized dialect of Malay, while others think of Minangkabau as a proper (Malay) language. In MalaysiaBesides Indonesia, Minangkabau is also spoken in Malaysia, by some descendants of migrants from the Minang-speaking region in Sumatra (Ranah Minang, Tanah Minang, or Land of the Minang). Significant numbers of the early migrants settled in what is now the Malaysian state of Negeri Sembilan; this Negeri Sembilan Malay is known as Bahaso Nogori / Baso Nogoghi. More recent immigrants are known as Minang. SubdialectsThe Minangkabau language has several dialects, sometimes differing between nearby villages (e.g. separated by a river). The dialects are Rao Mapat Tunggul, Muaro Sungai Lolo, Payakumbuh, Pangkalan-Lubuk Alai, Agam-Tanah Datar, Pancungsoal, Kotobaru, Sungai Bendung Air, and Karanganyar.[3] In everyday communication between Minangkabau people of different regions, the Agam-Tanah Datar dialect (Baso Padang or Baso Urang Awak "our [people's] language") is often used and has become a kind of standard. The Tapan language, spoken in the town of Tapan in southern West Sumatra province, is a recently discovered Malayan language which has been proposed as related to but not part of Minangkabau. Together, Tapan and Minangkabau would form a Greater Minangkabau subgroup.[4] The two languages Tapan and Muko-Muko form a Lunangic subgroup within the Minangic (Greater Minangkabau) language group.[4][5] The Minangic subgroup is characterized by the following word-final sound changes.[5]
PhonologyThe sound inventory of Minangkabau is listed below:{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}
ExampleSentences
Numerals
See also{{Portal|Indonesia|Languages}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/countries/MY|title=People Groups|author=Joshua Project|work=joshuaproject.net|accessdate=2 July 2015}} 2. ^Kajian Serba Linguistik : Untuk Anton Moeliono Pereksa Bahasa (2000) 3. ^Nadra, Reniwati, and Efri Yades, Daerah Asal dan Arah Migrasi Orang Minangkabau di Provinsi Jambi Berdasarkan Kajian Variasi Dialektikal (2008) 4. ^1 Kurniati, S., Putri, Y. P., Wichmann, S., & Gil, D. (2011). Tapan: An Exploration in Malayic Subgrouping. Paper presented at the 15th International Symposium on Malay Indonesian Linguistics (ISMIL 15). 5. ^1 Gil, D. & McKinnon, T. (2015). Excrescent Nasals in Malayic Dialects of Western Sumatra. Paper presented at the 13th International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics (13-ICAL). Further reading
External links{{InterWiki|code=min}}
7 : Minangkabau language|Agglutinative languages|Languages of Indonesia|Languages of Malaysia|Malayic languages|Minangkabau|Malay dialects |
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