“Szelim cave”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Szelim cave

释义

Geology
Excavations
Legends of the cave
Pictures
References
External links

{{short description|Cave and archaeological site in Hungary}}{{Refimprove|date=May 2010}}{{Infobox ancient site
| name = Szelim cave
| native_name = Szelim-barlang
| alternate_name =
| image = Szelim-barlang-Cave.jpg
| alt = Szelim cave
| caption = Szelim cave
| image_size =240
| map_type = Hungary
| map_alt = Szelim cave in Hungary
| map_caption = Location in Hungary
| map_size = 240
| relief = yes
| coordinates = {{coord|47|35|25|N|18|24|25|E|display=inline,title}}
| location = Gerecse Mountains, near Tatabánya
| region = Komárom-Esztergom County, Central Transdanubia, Hungary
| type =
| part_of =
| length = {{convert|45|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| width =
| area =
| height = {{convert|14|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| depth =
| builder =
| material = karst, limestone
| built =
| abandoned =
| epochs = Upper Paleolithic
| cultures =
| dependency_of =
| occupants =
| event =
| excavations = 1932, 1934
| archaeologists = Hubert Kessler, István Gaál
| condition =
| ownership =
| management =
| public_access =
| website =
| notes =
}}

The Szelim cave (Hungarian: Szelim-barlang or Szelim-lyuk (Szelim hole), Bánhidai nagy barlang (Bánhidian big cave), Eperjes-barlang, Szemi-luki, Szemi-lyuka, Szelimluk barlang, Bánhidai-zsomboly, Szent Vit-barlang) is located in northwestern Hungary at the western margin of the

Gerecse Mountains, {{convert|289|m|ft|abbr=on}} above the Által-ér Valley near Tatabánya city. The cave interior is {{convert|45|m|ft|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|14|m|ft|abbr=on}} high. The site has been regularly frequented and used as a shelter by local villagers over the centuries, is easily accessible and its huge rectangular entrance features a memorial of the Turul.^[1]

Geology

The karstic cave was formed during the Upper Triad, has undergone and will further undergo extensive corrosion. Meteoric water infiltrates the compact Mesozoic

limestone and is going to carve cavities into the bedrock, solve the limestone and abrade the cavities with the debris and rocks.

Excavations

The cave was recognized as an archaeological site only relatively late. In 1932 Hubert Kessler, the first promoter of speleological research, began excavations. The results of Kessler work encouraged István Gaál to start regular excavations. In 1934 the Natural History Research Council supplied - although insufficient - the financial means for further work. Remains of hearths, stoves, carvings, animal bones and human remains, some of which date to the era of Turkish invasions in early modernity were excavated.

The sediments are more than {{convert|12|m|ft|abbr=on}} deep and rich in archaeological finds, that were extracted to the bedrock in a few months in most of the cave.

More recent research results confirm the notion that human occupation in Szelim dates back as far as 200,000 years BP. Mousterian artefacts and stone tools discovered in the stratae date back to the Upper Paleolithic.

In 2013 the Hungarian Ministry of Interior declared the site a protected natural national asset.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Legends of the cave

The cave is subject to several historical legends.

According to the oral tradition the population of 7 neighboring villages escaped to the depth of the earth during the Turkish wars from Szelim sultan's troops who devastated Transdanubia. Unfortunately, Turkish found the people who hid in the cave and they killed them by the smoke of the bonfire they pour to the opening of the cave.^[4]
The population of the villages surrounding the refuge being looked for in the cave on the time of the Tartar attacks. When a little boy got thirsty then aloud started crying, his mother took it away the close to a source. The Tartars, who had the woman compelled to reveal the cache of the others, captured them however there.

Pictures

References

1. ^{{cite web| url=https://www.academia.edu/772313/Mousterian_industries_in_Hungary_15_years_later | title=Mousterian industries in Hungary – 15 years later |author = Zsolt Mester | publisher=Academia Edu | accessdate=December 30, 2017}}
2. ^¹{{cite book|last1=Dobosi|first1=Viola T.|title=Palaeolithic Man in the Altal-er Valley|date=2003|publisher=Komárom-Esztergo County Museum Directorate|isbn= 9637110313 |pages=16-17|url=http://mek.oszk.hu/09900/09903/09903.pdf|accessdate=18 August 2014}}
3. ^{{cite web |url = http://epa.oszk.hu/01600/01635/00316/pdf/EPA01635_foldtani_kozlony_2006_136_2_233-248.pdf |title = The study and historic reconstruction of the sedimentary sequence, in the Szelim Cave (Tatabánya) |author = |date = |accessdate = December 30, 2017 |publisher = Electronic Periodical Archives and Database }}
4. ^Tatabánya:Fotoalbum {{ISBN|963-8103-42-6}}

External links

Pictures of Szelim cave

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