| 词条 | Thomas Farnolls Pritchard |
| 释义 |
Thomas Farnolls Pritchard or Farnolls Pritchard (c. 1723–23 December 1777) was an English architect and interior decorator who is best remembered for his design of the first cast-iron bridge in the world. BiographyPritchard was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, and baptised in St Julian's Church, Shrewsbury on 11 May 1723. His father was a joiner. Thomas also trained as a joiner, but then developed a professional practice as an architect and interior designer. He specialised in the design of chimney-pieces and other items of interior decoration, and in funerary monuments.[1] Pritchard worked closely with other local architects and craftsmen. William Baker of Audlem, an architect and contractor, used his plans to construct St John's Church, Wolverhampton.[2] Joseph Bromfield, who worked for Pritchard initially as a plasterer, but became a very competent draughtsman and architect, appears to have taken over a large portion of Pritchard's architectural practice after Pritchard's death.[3] Pritchard's houses and churches have been described as "no more than pleasant provincial work".[1] Such work includes the rebuilding of St Julian's Church, Shrewsbury, and Hatton Grange, Shropshire.[1] Examples of Pritchard's interior decoration include Croft Castle, Gaines in Whitbourne, Herefordshire, Shipton Hall, Shropshire, the ballroom at Powis Castle, and chimney-pieces at Broseley Hall, The Lawns, Broseley, and Benthall Hall.[1][7] He also designed the rococo drawing room at Tatton Hall, Cheshire.[4] In the design of funerary monuments he employed coloured marbles, characterised by Rupert Gunnis as "school of Henry Cheere".[5] These were usually in rococo or Gothic style, and later in neoclassical style.[6] They include monuments to Ann Wilkinson, 1756, at Wrexham, Denbighshire; the Rev. John Lloyd, 1758, and Mary Morhall, 1765, both at St. Mary's Shrewsbury; and Richard Corbet, at Moreton Corbet, Shropshire.[5] Pritchard's monuments can be found in churches across Shropshire, including also churches at Acton Round, Ludford and Barrow.[1][6] Pritchard carried out work in Ludlow, including rebuilding its jail and the Hosier's Almshouses, and making alterations to the Guildhall.[6] In 1769 Pritchard left Shrewsbury and moved to Eyton on Severn where he took up farming as well as continuing with his architectural work.[6] He made various designs for bridges, none of which came to fruition, until he made plans for a bridge in cast iron to cross the River Severn in Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, adapting the principles of timber bridge-building. A modified version of his design was cast at the ironworks in Coalbrookdale in 1777–79. Pritchard died, aged fifty-four, before the bridge was completed, but his design of The Iron Bridge led to the building of the first cast-iron arch bridge in the world. He was buried in St Julian's, Shrewsbury,[1] where his monument also commemorates his wife, Elinor Russell, of Shrewsbury (married 1751, died 1768) and three children who died young.[5] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 Leach, Peter, ‘Pritchard, Thomas Farnolls (bap. 1723, d.1798)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2005 , accessed 1 September 2008 2. ^Colvin H. A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600-1840 Yale University Press, 3rd edition London, 2008, 93 and 783 3. ^"Colvin" 162-3, illustrates the close relationship between Pritchard and Bromfield's work. 4. ^{{citation |url=http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/details/default.aspx?pid=1&id=58467 |title=Images of England: Tatton Hall |accessdate=2008-09-01 |publisher=English Heritage }} 5. ^1 2 Gunnis, Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660–1851, rev. ed. [1968], s.v. "Pritchard, Thomas Farnolls". 6. ^1 2 3 4 {{Citation | quotes = | last =West | first = Veronica | authorlink = | coauthors = | date = | year = 1982 | month = | title = Broseley Hall and Thomas Farnolls Prichard | journal = Journal of the Broseley Local History Society | volume = 10 | issue = | pages = | issn = | pmid = | doi = | id = | url = http://www.broseley.org.uk/Docs/THE_NEW_WILLEY_IRONWORKS_files/Broseley%20Hall%20.htm | language = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = | postscript = . }} Further reading
4 : 1777 deaths|People from Shrewsbury|18th-century English architects|Year of birth uncertain |
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