| 词条 | Mount Cook Airline | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| airline = Mount Cook Airline | image = Mount_Cook_Airlines_2012_logo.png | image_size = 200 (old logo) | IATA = NM | ICAO = NZM | callsign = MOUNTCOOK | founded = 1920 | commenced = | ceased = | hubs =
| secondary_hubs = | focus_cities = | frequent_flyer = Airpoints | alliance = Star Alliance (affiliate) | subsidiaries = | fleet_size = 28 | destinations = 14 | parent = Air New Zealand | company_slogan = | headquarters = Christchurch, New Zealand | key_people =
| website = http://www.airnz.co.nz/ |aoc=|num_employees=}} Mount Cook Airline, a subsidiary of Air New Zealand, is a regional airline based in Christchurch, New Zealand. Formerly part of the Mount Cook Group, it now operates scheduled services throughout the country under the Air New Zealand Link brand. The airline operates the ATR 72-500 and ATR 72-600 aircraft, and all its aircraft wear the Air New Zealand livery. Its main base is Christchurch International Airport.[1] Early historyThe airline was established and started operations in 1920 at Timaru by Rodolph Lysaght Wigley, who in 1906 had driven the first motor car to The Hermitage. Wigley bought five war-surplus aircraft for sightseeing and formed the NZ Aero Transport Co., the first company of its kind in the country. The first aeroplane to land in Fairlie was a war surplus bi-plane E 4242 in May 1920 still with the RAF roundel on the fuselage. Passenger and freight routes served areas between Wellington and Invercargill. On October 1920 with Captain J. C. Mercer, Wigley flew on the first one-day flight from Invercargill to Auckland. After a series of mishaps, e.g. damage to landing equipment during forced landings in paddocks, the company went into liquidation in 1923.[2] In the 1930s, Wigley formed Queenstown - Mount Cook Airway in conjunction with his son, Harry, later to become Sir Henry Wigley. Sir Henry remained the Managing Director of the airline until 1979 and Chairman until his death in 1980. The company operated charter flights around the Otago Lakes, Milford Sound and Mount Cook regions, until it was suspended by World War II. Postwar historyFlying resumed in 1952 using an Auster J1-A Autocrat, registration ZK-BDX (since preserved, formerly inside the terminal of Queenstown Airport now at the Mount Cook Hermitage Hotel Edmund Hillary Centre).[3] In 1954, NZ Aero Transport Company was reformed as Mount Cook Air Services Ltd, specialising in scenic flights, agricultural work and rescue missions. Sir Henry solved the problem of landing in the Tasman, Fox and Franz Josef Glaciers by attaching retractable skis (designed and made in the company's vehicle workshop) to the Auster, and landed on the snow of Tasman Glacier. This is how the Ski Plane operation started, aimed at taking tourists to skifields and glaciers in ski-equipped light aircraft. Mount Cook Ski Planes now operates a fleet of Cessna 185s and Pilatus Porters, and is the only company to land scenic flights on the Tasman Glacier to this day.[4]The Mount Cook Group operated bus services, trucking, skifields and built an airfield at Mount Cook to bring in the growing number of visitors to the Southern Alps. Scheduled services for Mount Cook Airline began on 6 November 1961 between Christchurch, Mount Cook, Cromwell and Te Anau with a 26-seater Douglas DC-3. At this stage Queenstown was not certified for DC-3 operations and passengers were bussed from Cromwell to Queenstown. On 1 November 1963 the service to Cromwell was extended to Dunedin on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays and from 3 November 1963 to Invercargill three days a week. The first scheduled flight into Queenstown was operated by DC-3 ZK-BKD on 4 February 1964.[5] Mount Cook Airline was one of New Zealand's tourism pioneers opening up the 'tourist trail' of Rotorua through to Christchurch, Mount Cook and Queenstown. For almost 30 years, it operated a fleet of Hawker Siddeley HS 748s across regional tourist routes in New Zealand. The first HS748 to arrive in NZ was ZK-CWJ it first flight was from Christchurch to Timaru and onto Oamaru on 25 October 1968.[6] After a long evaluation study, the first of the new ATR 72-200s arrived in October 1995 as the chosen replacement of the HS 748s. They in turn were updated to the ATR 72-500 type in 2000[7]In June 2001, Air New Zealand Group added extra capacity on domestic routes by introducing 4 BAe 146s to supplement the ATRs. These aircraft were taken from the failed Qantas New Zealand franchise. A temporary measure, they retired the following year after 6 extra Boeing 737-300s were added to the mainline fleet.[8] Air New Zealand purchased part of the Mount Cook Group in the 1980s after Sir Henry's death,[9] increased to 30% on 5 December 1983, then another 47% (increased to 77%) in October 1985 after gaining approval on 18 July that year; and the remainder on 18 April 1991.[10][11] Mount Cook Airline has 378 employees (as at March 2007).[1] DestinationsMount Cook Airline serve the following routes in New Zealand:[12]
Former DestinationsMount Cook Airline over the years served many other destinations previously throughout New Zealand:[13] Alexandra, Blenheim, Chatham Islands, Cromwell, Great Barrier Island, Greymouth, Hokitika, Kerikeri, Kaikohe, Kawau Island, Milford Sound, Mount Cook, Oamaru, Paihia, Stewart Island, Taupo, Te Anau, Timaru, Twizel, Waiheke Island, Wanaka and Westport. FleetCurrent FleetMount Cook Airline currently operate ATR 72-500 and ATR 72-600 aircraft from main cities to larger provincial towns and also on some main trunk routes, complementing fellow subsidiary Air Nelson's smaller capacity Q-300 airliners. The original ATR 72-200 fleet was swapped for the updated ATR 72-500 during 2001–2002. Extra aircraft were also added allowing Air New Zealand to retire the last of its Boeing 737-200s. In October 2011 Air New Zealand announced an increase of the ATR fleet by purchasing 7 new ATR 72-600 models with five on option. Air New Zealand received the first of these 68-seat aircraft in October 2012, the rest following gradually through to 2016. 4 purchase options were taken up in November 2014 when Air New Zealand announced the shutting down of Eagle Airways' flight operations and giving over route capacity to Mount Cook and Air Nelson[14] The ATR-600s were delayed for four years due to the economic conditions of the time. The -600 model is a further development of the type including a revised cabin layout and RNP navigation to allow flights into New Zealand's more marginal weather dependant airports such as Wellington, Queenstown, Rotorua and Hamilton. Air New Zealand announced on 5 November 2015, that an order for an additional 15 ATR 72-600 aircraft, worth NZ$568 million, has been placed making Mount Cook Airlines the third largest ATR fleet operator in the world with 29 ATR72-600 aircraft. Deliveries of the additional 15 -600 aircraft, will start from late 2016 through to 2020. The new aircraft will replace the existing 11 ATR 72-500 aircraft. The additional ATR 72-600, will be used on domestic regional services, supplementing existing ATR 72-500, -600 and Q300 aircraft. The Mount Cook Airline fleet consists of the following aircraft (as of 31 January 2019):[15][16]
Former FleetFrom 6 November 1961 Mt Cook Airline operated three Douglas DC-3 aircraft operating until their final withdrawal on 16 May 1978.[19][20] These aircraft were used to open up routes between Christchurch and Mt Cook, Cromwell and Te Anau/Manapouri. Passengers bound for Queenstown were initially bussed from Cromwell until DC-3 certification was obtained for Queenstown airport, (although Cromwell was still used on demand, and as backup when Queenstown airport was unavailable due to weather). DC-3 aircraft were also used at various dates for services from Christchurch to Timaru and Oamaru, Queenstown to Alexandra and Dunedin and an extension from Te Anau to Invercargill.[19] A fleet of Hawker Siddeley HS 748s was operated from 1968 to 1996, they operated into Mt Cook Airline's many tourist airports. The type operated scheduled services to the Chatham Islands from 1990 to 1992 after Safe Air withdrew flying operations. From 1992 to 1994, Air New Zealand chartered a 748 to operate the late evening off peak Invercargill - Christchurch route. The last commercial flight was on 9 February 1996, from Wellington to Christchurch. The HS 748 fleet was replaced by 7 ATR 72-200s from 1995 after an evaluation process that included the Fokker F50, BAe APT, and Saab 2000.[11] On 2 December 1969 Mt Cook Airline introduced a de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter (ZK-CJZ), intended for scenic flights from Queenstown to Milford Sound and scheduled flights from Queenstown to Te Anau/Manapouri and Queenstown to Alexandra and Dunedin.[20] The Twin Otter wasn't an economic success and was cancelled from 24 September 1973.[13] A second Twin Otter (ZK-MCO) was purchased in November 1983 for services between Auckland, Kerikeri and Rotorua as the HS 748 was too big for the loads on offer, but Mt Cook's Islander aircraft was too small.[21] In 1988 this was transferred to Queenstown, to operate scenic flights from Queenstown to Milford Sound and scheduled flights from Queenstown to Te Anau/Manapouri. A third was purchased in 1995 but both were disposed of in 1998 when Mt Cook Airlines light aircraft business was sold. Eight ex-Qantas New Zealand BAe 146-300s were temporarily operated by Air New Zealand after Qantas New Zealand's collapse. They were used to boost extra capacity to domestic service from June 2001 to 2002. The BAe 146s were placed under Mount Cook Airline's management structure for the duration. (Up to 4 aircraft were operated at any one time as the BAe fleet were rotated through and sold off.) This allowed time for Air New Zealand to add another six Boeing 737-300s to the mainline fleet. The BAe 146s were then retired ending 12 years of domestic service in New Zealand.[11] Aircraft previously operated include:
Change in heavy maintenanceIn April 2010, parent airline Air New Zealand announced that it was moving the ATR 72-500 and ATR 72-600 heavy maintenance work away from Mount Cook Airline's home of Christchurch Airport to Nelson. Air Nelson's maintenance base would take over all ATR 72-500/600 heavy maintenance work from November 2010.[23] LogoThe airline's symbol is the Mount Cook Lily which was displayed on the tails of its aeroplanes prior to the integration with the Air New Zealand link brand in the mid 1990s. At this stage the flower was relegated to a spot just below the tail,[24] before vanishing totally in the early 2000s. However, it has made a return in 2012 appearing towards the front of Mount Cook's ATR 72-600 aircraft. The new logo is a much-simplified flower, featuring six separate petals rather than the former layered specimen. References1. ^1 {{cite news | title= Directory: World Airlines | work= Flight International | page= 52 | date= 2007-04-10}} 2. ^Wigley - One Family on the Road to Tourism on ancestry.com website, viewed 2013-10-31 3. ^Photo of ZK-BDX 4. ^ History of Mount Cook Ski Planes 5. ^http://3rdlevelnz.blogspot.com.au/2013/08/25-years-of-mount-cook-airlines-flights.html 6. ^http://3rdlevelnz.blogspot.com.au/2013/06/mount-cook-airlines-operating-to-oamaru.html 7. ^Early Historic Fleet Details 8. ^Historic Fleet Details 9. ^ Rob Kerr 10. ^Mount Cook became a subsidiary 11. ^1 2 Air NZ History {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081031095811/http://www.airnewzealand.co.nz/resources/company_history_feb_06.pdf |date=31 October 2008 }} 12. ^Air New Zealand - Timetables 13. ^1 {{cite web|title=25 years of Mount Cook Airlines Flights to Alexandra|url=http://3rdlevelnz.blogspot.co.nz/2013/08/25-years-of-mount-cook-airlines-flights.html|website=3rd Level New Zealand|accessdate=7 January 2015}} 14. ^http://pacificwingsmagazine.com/2011/11/25/air-new-zealand-orders-more-atr-aircraft/ 15. ^{{cite web|title=Operating fleet|url=https://www.airnewzealand.co.nz/fleet|website=Air New Zealand|accessdate=20 September 2017|ref=Fleet}} 16. ^{{cite journal|title=Global Airline Guide 2017 (Part One)|journal=Airliner World|issue=October 2017|page=22|accessdate=20 September 2017}} 17. ^{{cite web|title=Another ATR72-600 for Mt Cook Airline|url=http://mrcaviation.blogspot.co.nz/2018/04/another-atr72-600-for-mt-cook-airline.html|website=MRC Aviation|accessdate=23 April 2018}} 18. ^{{cite web|title=Air New Zealand further invests in regional growth with ATR purchase|url=http://www.airnewzealand.co.nz/press-release-2015-air-new-zealand-further-invests-in-regional-growth-with-atr-purchase|accessdate=5 November 2015}} 19. ^1 {{cite web|title=Mount Cook Airlines - Part 1 - The 1960’s, the birth of an airline|url=http://3rdlevelnz.blogspot.co.nz/2014/02/mount-cook-airlines-part-1-1960s-birth.html|website=3rd Level New Zealand|accessdate=6 January 2015}} 20. ^1 {{cite web|title=Mount Cook Airlines - Part 2 - The 1970’s, New Zealand's tourist airline|url=http://3rdlevelnz.blogspot.co.nz/2014/06/mount-cook-airlines-part-2-1970s-new.html|website=3rd Level New Zealand|accessdate=6 January 2015}} 21. ^{{cite web|title=The Last Days of the Lily at Milford Sound - Mount Cook Airlines|url=http://3rdlevelnz.blogspot.co.nz/2011/06/last-days-of-lily-at-milford-sound.html|website=3rd Level New Zealand|accessdate=7 January 2015}} 22. ^{{cite journal|last1=Clark|first1=Peter|journal=NZ WINGS|date=November 1996|pages=26–27}} 23. ^{{cite web|title=Narrowbody Jet Maintenance Growth Expected for Air New Zealand Technical Operations in Christchurch|url=http://www.airnewzealand.co.nz/press-release-2010-narrowbody-jet-maintenance-growth-expected-for-air-new-zealand-technical-operations-in-christchurch|publisher=Air New Zealand|accessdate=27 August 2010|date=21 April 2010}} 24. ^{{cite web|title=Mount Cook Airlines ATR200's|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/kenfielding/5934236007/|work=ZK-MCX ATR.72-212 ANZ Link-Mount Cook CHC 09JAN99|accessdate=8 September 2013}}
5 : Airlines of New Zealand|Airlines established in 1961|Air New Zealand|Former IATA members|Former seaplane operators |
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