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Visby-class destroyer

释义

Orders
Design
Rebuilds
Decommissioning
Ships
References
Notes Citations Sources

{{other ships|Visby-class corvette}}{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=HMS Visby (J11).JPG

Ship caption= HMS Visby
}}{{Infobox ship class overview

Name=Visby class

Builders=

SWE}}

Göteborg|destroyer|4}}

Öland|destroyer|4}}

Subclasses=

Built range=1942–1944

In commission range=1943–1982

Total ships building=

Total ships planned=4

Total ships completed=4

Total ships cancelled=

Total ships active=

Total ships laid up=

Total ships lost=

Total ships retired=4

Total ships preserved=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

Hide header=

Header caption=

Ship type=Destroyer/Frigate

Ship displacement=1,135–1,320 tons

98|m|ft|abbr=on}}

9|m|ft|abbr=on}}

3.8|m|ft|abbr=on}}

Ship propulsion=

39|kn|abbr=on}}

Ship range=

Ship complement=155

Ship sensors=

Ship EW=

Ship armament=*As destroyer

3 × {{convert|120|mm|in|abbr=on}} guns
4 x {{convert|40|mm|in|abbr=on}} canons
4 x {{convert|20|mm|in|abbr=on}} canons
6 x {{convert|530|mm|in|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes
As frigate
2 × 57 mm lvakan m/50 B
1 × {{convert|375|mm|in|abbr=on}} submarine-rocket launcher
Depth charges
Mines

Ship armour=

Ship armor=

Ship aircraft=1 helicopter as frigate

Ship aircraft facilities=

Ship notes=
}}

The Visby class was a Swedish World War II destroyer class. During the years 1942–1944 four ships, {{HSwMS|Visby|J11|2}}, {{HSwMS|Sundsvall|J12|2}}, {{HSwMS|Hälsingborg|J13|2}} and {{HSwMS|Kalmar|J14|2}}, were built and delivered to the Swedish navy. The ships were a part of Sweden's military buildup during the war. Under this period the ships were used as neutral guards and escort ships. In 1965 the ships were modified and rebuilt as frigates. Two of the ships were decommissioned in 1978 and the last two followed in 1982.

Orders

During the first years of the War Sweden's armed forces went through a massive reinforcement. In 1941, as part of this build-up, the Swedish government ordered four new destroyers for the Swedish navy, of which two were replacements for three destroyers sunk in an explosion on 17 September that year.{{#tag:ref|The three destroyers sunk at the Naval base at Hårsfjärden near Stockholm on 17 September were {{HSwMS|Göteborg||2}}, {{HSwMS|Klas Horn||2}} and {{HSwMS|Klas Ugla||2}}. Göteborg and Klas Horn were later salvaged and returned to service, while Klas Ugla was scrapped.^[1]^[1]|group=lower-alpha}} The new class would be based on the older {{sclass-|Göteborg|destroyer|1}} that were classified as a "Town-class destroyer" and because of this classified as "Modified Town-class destroyers", (modifierad Stadsjagare). In total four ships were built, two at the Götaverken-shipyard and two at the Eriksbergs shipyard.^[2]^[3]

Design

The design was largely based on the Göteborg-class destroyer, with a similar main armament of three {{convert|120|mm|in|abbr=on}} M/24 Bofors guns in three single mounts, but in an improved arrangement, with the second gun mounted aft, firing over the third gun rather than between the funnels as in the earlier destroyers, thus improving fields of fire. Anti-aircraft armament was also improved, consisting of four Bofors 40 mm guns in a twin mount on the ship's centreline between the banks of torpedo tubes, and two single mounts mounted port and starboard further forward. These were supplemented by several 20 mm cannon,{{#tag:ref|Sources differ as to the number of 20 mm cannon carried. Palmsteirna states two,^[4] while Gardiner and Chesneau states three^[6] and Whitley states four.^[1]|group=lower-alpha}} also by Bofors. The ships' torpedo armament remained six {{convert|53|cm|in|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes in two triple mounts.^[3]^[9] The ships were fitted for minelaying, with up to 20 mines being carried, while anti-submarine armament consisted of four depth charge throwers.^[6]

The hull was lengthened compared with the Göteborg class, giving a length between perpendiculars of {{convert|95.0|m|ftin}} and an overall length of {{convert|98|m|ftin}} with a beam of {{convert|9.0|m|ftin}} and a draught of {{convert|3.8|m|ftin}}. Displacement was {{convert|1135|LT|t|lk=in}} standard and {{convert|1320|LT|t}} full load.^[1] A square stern was fitted. Like the Göteborg class, the superstructure was built using light alloys to save weight.^[3] Three 3-drum boilers fed superheated steam to two de Laval geared steam turbines, driving two shafts and giving {{convert|36000|shp|kW}}, allowing a speed of {{convert|39|kn}} to be reached.^[1]^[6]

Rebuilds

From 1957 to 1959, Hälsingborg and Kalmar were modified, removing the aft set of torpedo tubes and replacing the forward triple mount with a quintuple set of tubes.^[5] From 1964, Visby and Sundvall underwent a much more expensive reconstruction, being completely rearmed. As recommissioned on 14 October 1966, the two destroyers were armed with two Bofors {{convert|57|mm|in|abbr=on}} anti-aircraft guns, one forward and one aft, with a quadruple {{convert|375|mm|in|abbr=on}} Bofors anti-submarine rocket launcher replacing the torpedo tubes. The ships' bridges were enlarged and a platform for a helicopter fitted. The ships' radar fit was also updated.^[6]

All four ships were redesignated as frigates on 1 January 1965.^[17]

Decommissioning

In the 1970s the Swedish government decided that the navy would give up its blue-water navy capacity and become a more coast-based navy. All frigates and destroyers were decommissioned. The first two Visby-class frigates left the navy in 1978 and in 1982 the remaining two followed. HSwMS Visby and HSwMS Sundsvall were used as target ships before being sold to Spain for scrapping.

Ships

Name	Pennant number	Builder	Laid Down	Launched^[7]	Commissioned^[7]	Fate
HSwMS\|Visby\|J11\|2}}	J11	Götaverken	29 April 1942^[8]	16 October 1942	10 August 1943	Stricken 1 July 1982, scrapped Spain.^[9]
HSwMS\|Sundsvall\|J12\|2}}	J12	Eriksberg	1942^[7]	20 October 1942	17 September 1943	Stricken 1 July 1982, scrapped Spain 1985^[9]
HSwMS\|Hälsingborg\|J13\|2}}	J13	Götaverken	1942^[7]	23 March 1943	30 November 1943	Stricken 1 July 1978, scrapped 1979^[10]
HSwMS\|Kalmar\|J14\|2}}	J14	Eriksberg	16 November 1942^[8]	20 July 1943	2 February 1944	Stricken 1 July 1978, used as target^[10]

References

Notes

1. ^Gardiner and Chesneau 1980, p. 372.
2. ^Whitley 2000, p. 250.
3. ^¹²Palmstierna 1972, p. 60.
4. ^Palmsteirna 1972, pp. 60, 73.
5. ^Palmstierna 1972, p. 73.
6. ^Palmsteirna 1972, p. 69.
7. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷Whitley 2000, p. 249.
8. ^¹²Blackman 1971, p. 304.
9. ^¹²Whitley 2000, pp. 249–250.
10. ^¹²³⁴Gardiner and Chesneau 1980, p. 373.

Citations

Sources

{{cite book|last=Blackman|first=Raymond V. B.|title=Jane's Fighting Ships 1971–72|year=1971|publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & Co., Ltd|location=London|isbn=0-354-00096-9}}
{{cite book|editor-last1=Gardiner|editor-first1=Robert|editor-last2=Chesneau|editor-first2=Roger|title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946|year=1980|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|isbn=0-85177-146-7}}
{{cite magazine|last=Palmsteirna|first=C.|title=Swedish Torpedo Boats & Destroyers: Part II - Destroyers|magazine=Warship International|date=31 March 1972|volume=IX|issue=1|pages=59–77}}
{{cite book|last=Whitley|first=M.J.|title=Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia|year=2000|publisher=Cassell & Co.|location=London|isbn=1-85409-521-8}}

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