| 词条 | Voormezeele Enclosures Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemeteries |
| 释义 |
|name= Voormezeele Enclosure Cemeteries |body= Commonwealth War Graves Commission |image= |use_dates= 1915–1918 |established= 1915 |designer= Sir Edwin Lutyens |coordinates= {{coord|50|49|8|N|02|52|24|E|}} |nearest_town= Voormezeele, West Flanders, Belgium |total= 597 (Enclosures 1 and 2); 1,612 (Enclosure 3) |unknowns= 40 (Enclosures 1 and 2); 609 (Enclosure 3) |by_country=Allied Powers: (1 & 2/3)
|by_war= World War I: 2,209 |source=WW1Cemeteries.com;[1][2] CWGC figures differ noticeably whilst being less specific. }} The Voormezeele Enclosures are Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) burial grounds for the dead of the First World War located in the Ypres Salient on the Western Front. The cemetery grounds were assigned to the United Kingdom in perpetuity by King Albert I of Belgium in recognition of the sacrifices made by the British Empire in the defence and liberation of Belgium during the war.[3] FoundationFounded as four enclosures, there are now three cemeteries in Voormezeele, formed by grouping (enclosing) separate regimental cemeteries.[4] Additionally, there is one grave in Voormezeele's parish churchyard. Of the four enclosures, Enclosure 1 and 2 are now considered a single cemetery; the 42 graves of Enclosure 4 were concentrated into Enclosure 2;[5] whilst Enclosure 3 is separated from 1 and 2 by the modern main road. The village and the cemeteries fell into German hands on 29 April 1918[4] during the Spring Offensive, falling back to the Allies in September 1918[4] during the Hundred Days Offensive that swept fighting away from the Salient. The cemeteries were designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens. Enclosures 1 and 2Enclosures 1 and 2 were in use from March 1915 until April 1918, with some graves being added by German forces during the five months the area was in their hands, more Commonwealth dead being added in September and October 1918 and an isolated Commonwealth grave from the village being concentrated after the Armistice.[5] Enclosure 3Enclosure 3 was founded in February 1915 by Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry, expanded by later use by other units. The enclosure was expanded by concentration after the Armistice from nearby smaller sites.[4] Also interred in Enclosure 3 are the dead of the Hampshire Regiment and others who reclaimed the area from German hands in September 1918.[4] {{-}}Former Enclosure 4Enclosure 4 was begun by the French in December 1914 and used by Commonwealth forces until November 1915. These graves were concentrated into the second plot of Enclosure 2.[5] Notable gravesOf the 2,209 men buried in these enclosures, some are especially notable. In Enclosure 3 lies a Canadian, Lieutenant Colonel Francis Douglas Farquhar, who earned a Distinguished Service Order medal.[6] He was the son of Sir Henry and the Hon Alice, and the husband of Lady Evelyn (née Hely-Hutchinson).[7] Londoner Private William Dulgarians Crombie is also in Enclosure 3. He was 16 when he was killed on 9 November 1916.[8] There is one burial outside of the enclosures, still maintained by the Commission. Lieutenant Edwin Winwood Robinson of the 5th Royal Irish Lancers was killed on 25 October 1914[9] and is buried in the local churchyard (of which Lt Robinson is the sole Commonwealth burial).[10] Special memorialsThe enclosures contain several cenotaphs.[5] In Enclosures 1 and 2, there are cenotaphs to 19 known burials whose original graves were destroyed in later fighting, and for 2 men buried in the former Enclosure 4 whose graves were also destroyed.[5] In Enclosure 3 there are cenotaphs to 15 men who are known or believed to be buried on the site, plus other memorials recording 5 men who were known to be buried in another cemetery but who could not be found when that cemetery was concentrated to the Voormezeele Enclosures after the Armistice.[4] References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://ww1cemeteries.com/ww1cemeteries/voormezeeleenclosuresno12.htm|title=VOORMEZEELE ENCLOSURES|work=ww1cemeteries.com}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://ww1cemeteries.com/ww1cemeteries/voormezeeleenclosureno3.htm|title=VOORMEZEELE ENCLOSURE No.3|work=ww1cemeteries.com}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.webmatters.net/belgium/ww1_friedhof_vladslo.htm|title=Soldatenfriedhof: Vladslo|work=webmatters.net}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/52600|title=CWGC - Cemetery Details|author=Reading Room Manchester|work=cwgc.org}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/10100|title=CWGC - Cemetery Details|author=Reading Room Manchester|work=cwgc.org}} 6. ^http://www.wo1.be/eng/database/personen/persDetail.asp?PersoonID=141 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/456525|title=CWGC - Casualty Details|author=Reading Room Manchester|work=cwgc.org}} 8. ^http://www.wo1.be/eng/database/personen/persDetail.asp?PersoonID=1901 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-war-dead/casualty/2000147|title=CWGC - Casualty Details|author=Reading Room Manchester|work=cwgc.org}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/2000021|title=CWGC - Cemetery Details|author=Reading Room Manchester|work=cwgc.org}} External links{{commonscat|Cemeteries in Voormezele}}
4 : Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemeteries in Belgium|World War I cemeteries in Belgium|Cemeteries and memorials in West Flanders|Works of Edwin Lutyens in Belgium |
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