| 词条 | Vyshyvanka |
| 释义 |
BeliefsVyshyvanka is used as a talisman to protect the person wearing it and to tell a story.[7] Embroidery was used in vulnerable places on the garment where evil spirits could potentially enter the body: along the neckline, cuffs, shoulders, back and hem.[8] In UkraineUkrainian vyshyvanka is distinguished by local embroidery features specific to Ukrainian embroidery:[3] {{quote|text=The vyshyvanka not only speaks of its Ukrainian origin but also of the particular region in which it was made. The knowing eye could detect where a person hailed from by the clothes on their back. Embroidery is thus an important craft within Ukraine and different techniques exist to suit local styles with their own particular patterns and colours. Traditionally, the thread was coloured according to local formulas using bark, leaves, flowers, berries and so on. In this way, the local environment is literally reflected in the colour of the embroidery.|author=JJ Gurga|source=Echoes of the Past: Ukrainian Poetic Cinema and the Experiential Ethnographic Mode}} HistoryArchduke Wilhelm of Austria was a Ukrainian patriot who preferred wearing the vyshyvanka and was therefore known in Ukrainian as Vasyl Vyshyvanyi (Basil the Embroidered). The Vyshyvanoho Square was named in his honour in the city of Lviv. CelebrationVyshyvanka Day is celebrated on the third Thursday of May.[9] It is intended to unite all Ukrainians over the world, regardless of religion, language they speak or their place of residence.[10] It is a flash mob holiday, which is not attached to any public holiday or feast day.[11] On this day many Ukrainians wear vyshyvankas to demonstrate adherence to the idea of national identity and unity and to show their patriotism. Officials, including municipal, court, and the government officials and the head of the state[12], may take part in celebration. In 2018, the Appeal Instance of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine conducted a research and came to the following conclusions[13]. {{quote|text=[T]he word combination "Vyshyvanka Day" means the holiday dedicated to Ukrainian ethnic embroidered cloth and entered to Ukrainian culture as the name of a national holiday of Ukrainian consciousness, patriotism, and the spirit of unity of the people symbolized by Ukrainian vyshyvanka.The word combination "Vyshyvanka Day" invokes in minds of the citizens the only association – the holiday dedicated to vyshyvanka, which is celebrated in Ukraine, and now also abroad, yearly in a certain day of May. The holiday of Vyshyvanka Day gained symbolical meaning and is already an international event which spreads the idea of Ukrainian identity in the world, popularises Ukrainian culture and traditions, aids formation of Ukrainian national consciousness, nurturing patriotism and unity of Ukrainian people. […] The celebration of Vyshyvanka Day occurs yearly with participation of citizens, non-governmental organisations, state authorities, and is widely celebrated by the society by wearing vyshyvankas and arranging various events […]}} High fashionDuring Paris Fashion Week 2015, Ukrainian fashion designer Vita Kin was featured in Vogue magazine[14] and Harper's Bazaar for introducing vyshyvankas as modern Bohemian style designs[15] that attracted fashion icons like Anna Dello Russo, Miroslava Duma, and Leandra Medine.[16] In its US May issue Vogue wrote that the vyshyvanka has "made waves far past the Eastern European country".[19] The Times of London declared it "this summer's [2016] most sought-after item of clothing", soon following was the New York Times who advised readers to stock up on this "top of summer" fashion.[17] French actress Melanie Thierry wore a vyshyvanka at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival.[17] Queen Máxima of the Netherlands wore a vyshyvanka dress when visiting the 2016 Summer Olympics.[17] In Belarus{{Empty section|date=October 2018|section= "Belarusian Vyshyvanka"}}Celebration{{Empty section|date=October 2018|section= "Vyshyvanka Day in Belarus"}}GalleryUkrainian Vyshyvanka{{Gallery|width=230 | height=240 | lines=4 |align=center |File:Ruthenian settlers, Alberta (HS85-10-23670).jpg|Ruthenian immigrants to Canada in 1911 in traditional garment. |File:Ukrainian-wreath.jpg|A postcard printed in 1916 featuring a Ukrainian peasant lady in vyshyvanka and traditional wreath. |File:Vyshyvankas roundelay.jpg|At vyshyvanka parade – a popular event in modern Ukraine. |File:Solomiya.jpg|Bukovina-style vyshyvanka. |}} See also
References1. ^{{cite web|lang=uk|title=Ukrainian Language Dictionary|url=http://www.inmo.org.ua/sum.html|publisher=Potebnia Institute of Linguistics|accessdate=2019-02-25}} 2. ^{{cite journal|title=Everyday Ethnicity in Chernivtsi, Western Ukraine.|journal=Anthropology of East Europe Review|volume=32|issue=1|date=Spring 2014|author=Karolina Koziura|publisher=Maria Curie-Sklodowska University|location=Poland|url=http://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/aeer/article/view/12772|accessdate=2016-01-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140604222301/https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/aeer/article/download/12772/19147|archivedate=2014-06-04|deadurl=no}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite thesis|pages=189—190|author=JJ Gurga|type=Ph.D.|date=September 2012|title=Echoes of the Past: Ukrainian Poetic Cinema and the Experiential Ethnographic Mode|publisher=University College London (UCL)|url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1380194/1/JJ%20Gurga%20-%20Thesis%20-%20Final%20version.pdf|access-date=2016-01-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022065624/http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1380194/1/JJ%20Gurga%20-%20Thesis%20-%20Final%20version.pdf|archivedate=2015-10-22|deadurl=no}} 4. ^{{cite journal|title=Things to Have for a Belarusian: Rebranding the Nation via Online Participation|journal=Studies in Russian, Eurasian and Central European New Media (digitalicons.org)|issue=17|year=2017|pages=47—71|publisher=Western Michigan University|author=Elena Gapova|url=https://www.digitalicons.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/DI17_4_Gapova.pdf|access-date=2019-02-25|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016111005/http://www.digitalicons.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/DI17_4_Gapova.pdf|archivedate=2018-10-16}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Makei: Vyshyvanka is a national symbol for Belarusians|accessdate=2019-02-25|url=https://eng.belta.by/society/view/makei-vyshyvanka-is-a-national-symbol-for-belarusians-102745-2017|publisher=BelTA|date=2017-06-23|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628092738/http://eng.belta.by/society/view/makei-vyshyvanka-is-a-national-symbol-for-belarusians-102745-2017/|archivedate=2017-06-28}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Vyshyvanka to be artistic centerpiece of Independence Day celebrations in Belarus|url=https://eng.belta.by/society/view/vyshyvanka-to-be-artistic-centerpiece-of-independence-day-celebrations-in-belarus-92692-2016|accessdate=2019-02-25|publisher=BelTA|date=2016-07-01|deadurl=no|archivedate=2016-07-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160703191738/http://eng.belta.by/society/view/vyshyvanka-to-be-artistic-centerpiece-of-independence-day-celebrations-in-belarus-92692-2016/}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://1tv.com.ua/news/71972|title=У Києві відкрилася виставка вишиванок з усієї України (Vyshyvanka exhibition in Kyiv)|publisher=1TV|date=2015-09-11|accessdate=2016-01-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925120843/http://1tv.com.ua/news/71972|archivedate=2015-09-25|deadurl=no}} 8. ^{{cite book |author=Condra, Jill |title=Encyclopedia of National Dress: Traditional Clothing Around the World |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lazWAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA624&dq=ukrainian+embroidery+talisman&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEEQ6AEwB2oVChMIo4jG0JOzyAIVi8yACh3YuQAR#v=onepage&q=ukrainian%20embroidery%20talisman&f=false |year= 2013 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-313-37636-8 |pages=624}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://pntu.edu.ua/en/news/archieve/1953/u-poltavi-vidznachyly-den-vyshyvanky.html |title=Poltava celebrated the Day of vyshyvanka |publisher=PoltNTU press |author=Rena Darsania |date=2015-06-04 |accessdate=2016-05-01 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501160019/http://pntu.edu.ua/en/news/archieve/1953/u-poltavi-vidznachyly-den-vyshyvanky.html |archivedate=2016-05-01 |df= }} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/article?art_id=248175007&cat_id=244314975|title=Cabinet of Ministers Secretariat celebrates Vyshyvanka Day|author=Information and Communication Department of the Secretariat of the CMU|publisher=Government portal|date=2015-05-21|accessdate=2016-01-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129225902/http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/article?art_id=248175007&cat_id=244314975|archivedate=2016-01-29|deadurl=no}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://mip.gov.ua/en/news/227.html|title=Deputy Minister of Information Policy Tetiana Popova Participates in Press Conference Dedicated to Vyshyvanka Day|publisher=Ministry of Information Policy of Ukraine|date=2015-04-21|accessdate=2016-01-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129225945/http://mip.gov.ua/en/news/227.html|archivedate=2016-01-29|deadurl=no}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Our vyshyvanka unites the country - President during the flashmob on Vyshyvanka Day in Dnipro|publisher=Official website of the President of Ukraine|date=2018-05-17|url=https://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/nasha-vishivanka-obyednuye-krayinu-prezident-pid-chas-fleshm-47498|accessdate=2018-09-13|deadurl=no|archivedate=2018-09-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913124711/https://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/nasha-vishivanka-obyednuye-krayinu-prezident-pid-chas-fleshm-47498}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.me.gov.ua/Files/GetFile?lang=uk-UA&fileId=7b050590-e3cd-483d-84d6-f19f466e086b|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913131546/http://www.me.gov.ua/Files/GetFile?lang=uk-UA&fileId=7b050590-e3cd-483d-84d6-f19f466e086b|deadurl=no|archivedate=2018-09-13|accessdate=2018-09-13|title=The Decision No. 1151 of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine|date=2018-08-17}} 14. ^{{cite web|author=Liana Satenstein|url= http://www.vogue.com/13257041/ukrainian-traditional-costumes-in-fashion/|title=Your Favorite Bohemian Garb Is Actually Traditional Ukrainian Costume|publisher=Vogue|date=Apr 28, 2015|accessdate=2015-04-28}} 15. ^{{cite web|author=Tara Lamont-Djite|url= http://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/trends/a10578/were-obsessed-vita-kin/|title=We're Obsessed:Vita Kin Introduces The Perfect Bohemia|publisher=Harper's Bazaar|date=Apr 14, 2015|accessdate=2015-04-14}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://fashionforfashionlovers.com/2015/05/14/designers-to-watch-vyshyvankas-by-vita-kin-traditional-ukrainian-chic/|title=DESIGNERS TO WATCH: Vyshyvankas by Vita Kin – Traditional Ukrainian Chic|publisher=Fashion For Fashionlovers|date=May 14, 2015|accessdate=2015-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529221857/http://fashionforfashionlovers.com/2015/05/14/designers-to-watch-vyshyvankas-by-vita-kin-traditional-ukrainian-chic/|archive-date=May 29, 2015|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}} 17. ^1 2 3 [https://www.yahoo.com/news/vyshyvanka-ukraines-national-costume-conquers-catwalk-144536654.html Vyshyvanka: Ukraine's national costume conquers the catwalk], Yahoo! News (23 August 2016) External links
11 : Ukrainian traditions|Embroidery|Ukrainian folk dress|Folk costumes|Shirts|Ukrainian clothing|Belarusian clothing|Handicrafts|Ukrainian design|Textile arts of Ukraine|National symbols of Ukraine |
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