| 词条 | Antonov A-40 | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Antonov A-40 Krylya Tanka ({{lang-ru|крылья танка}}, meaning "tank wings") was a Soviet attempt to allow a tank to glide onto a battlefield after being towed aloft by an airplane, to support airborne forces or partisans. A prototype was built and tested in 1942, but was found to be unworkable. This vehicle is sometimes called the A-40T or KT. Design and developmentInstead of loading light tanks onto gliders, as other nations had done, Soviet airborne forces had strapped T-27 tankettes underneath heavy bombers and landed them on airfields. In the 1930s there were experimental efforts to parachute tanks or simply drop them into water. During the 1940 occupation of Bessarabia, light tanks may have been dropped from a few meters up by TB-3 bombers, which, as long as the gearbox was in neutral, would allow them to roll to a stop. The biggest problem with air-dropping vehicles is that their crews drop separately, and may be delayed or prevented from bringing them into action. Gliders allow crews to arrive at the drop zone along with their vehicles. They also minimize exposure of the valuable towing aircraft, which need not appear over the battlefield. So the Soviet Air Force ordered Oleg Antonov to design a glider for landing tanks. Antonov was more ambitious. Instead of building a glider, he added a detachable cradle to a T-60 light tank bearing large wood and fabric biplane wings and a twin tail. Such a tank could glide into the battlefield, drop its wings, and be ready to fight within minutes. One T-60 was converted into a glider in 1942, intended to be towed by a Petlyakov Pe-8 or a Tupolev TB-3. The tank was lightened for air use by removing its armament, ammunition and headlights, and leaving a very limited amount of fuel. Even with these modifications, the TB-3 bomber had to ditch the glider during its only flight, on September 2, 1942, to avoid crashing, due to the T-60's extreme drag (although the tank reportedly glided smoothly). The A-40 was piloted by the famous Soviet experimental glider pilot Sergei Anokhin. The T-60 landed in a field near the airport, and after dropping the glider wings and tail, the driver returned it to its base. Due to the lack of a sufficiently-powerful aircraft to tow it at the required {{convert|160|km/h|0|abbr=on}}, the project was abandoned.{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}} The Soviet Union continued to develop methods to efficiently deploy airborne vehicles. By the mid-1970s they were able to para-drop BMD-1 fighting vehicles with their crew aboard.{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}} Specifications{{aerospecs|ref=The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995[1] |met or eng?=met |crew=Two |capacity=1 × T-60 tank |length m=12.06 |length ft=39 |length in=6{{frac|3|4}} |span m=18.00 |span ft=59 |span in=0{{frac|3|4}} |swept m= |swept ft= |swept in= |rot number= |rot dia m= |rot dia ft= |rot dia in= |dia m= |dia ft= |dia in= |width m= |width ft= |width in= |height m= |height ft= |height in= |wing area sqm=85.8 |wing area sqft=923.5 |swept area sqm= |swept area sqft= |rot area sqm= |rot area sqft= |volume m3= |volume ft3= |aspect ratio= |empty weight kg=2,004 |empty weight lb=4,418 |gross weight kg=7,804 |gross weight lb=17,205 |lift kg= |lift lb= |eng1 number= |eng1 type= |eng1 kw= |eng1 hp= |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |eng1 kn-ab= |eng1 lbf-ab= |eng2 number= |eng2 type= |eng2 kw= |eng2 hp= |eng2 kn= |eng2 lbf= |eng2 kn-ab= |eng2 lbf-ab= |perfhide=Y |max speed kmh= |max speed mph= |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |range km= |range miles= |endurance h= |endurance min= |ceiling m= |ceiling ft= |glide ratio= |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin= |sink rate ms= |sink rate ftmin= |armament1= |armament2= |armament3= |armament4= |armament5= |armament6= }} See also
ReferencesCitations1. ^Gunston 1995, p. 20 Bibliography{{refbegin}}
External links{{commons category|Antonov A-40}}
10 : Antonov aircraft|Soviet military transport aircraft 1940–1949|Glider aircraft|Biplanes|Twin-boom aircraft|Airborne fighting vehicles|Abandoned military aircraft projects of the Soviet Union|World War II tanks of the Soviet Union|History of the tank|Aircraft first flown in 1942 |
|||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。