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词条 American Oxygen
释义

  1. Writing and production

  2. Release

  3. Composition and lyrical interpretation

  4. Critical reception

  5. Commercial performance

  6. Music video

      Development and synopsis    Reception  

  7. Live performances

  8. Awards and nominations

  9. Charts

      Weekly charts    Year-end charts  

  10. Certifications

  11. Release history

  12. References

  13. External links

{{Infobox song
| name = American Oxygen
| cover = American Oxygen cover.png
| alt = Two black and white images of Rihanna superimposed on each other, against a backdrop featuring the American national flag
| border = yes
| type = single
| artist = Rihanna
| album =
| released = {{Start date|2015|4|14|mf=yes}}
| format = Digital download
| recorded = 2014
| studio =
| venue =
| genre = American Patriotic
| length = {{Duration|m=5|s=20}}
| label = {{hlist|Roc Nation|Westbury Road}}
| writer = {{hlist|Alexander Grant|Candice Pillay|Sam Harris|Robyn Fenty}}
| producer = {{hlist|Alex da Kid|Kanye West}}
| chronology = Rihanna
| prev_title = Bitch Better Have My Money
| prev_year = 2015
| next_title = Work
| next_year = 2016
| misc = {{External music video|{{Youtube|Ao8cGLIMtvg|"American Oxygen"}}}}
}}

"American Oxygen" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna. It was written by Alex da Kid, Candice Pillay, Sam Harris and Rihanna; Alex da Kid and Kanye West produced it. Written over the course of a year, "American Oxygen" was inspired by the 1984 single "Born in the U.S.A." performed by Bruce Springsteen. It was made available for streaming on Tidal on April 5, 2015, and released for digital download on April 14 via the iTunes Store. The song has patriotic lyrical content about a new America and the chasing of the American dream.

Darren Craig, Jonathan Craven and Jeff Nicholas of the Uprising Creative directed the music video for "American Oxygen", which premiered exclusively on Tidal on April 6. It depicts numerous moments from American history while Rihanna sings in front of a large American flag. Rihanna performed "American Oxygen" for the first time at the Final Four of the 2015 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament in Indianapolis.

Writing and production

{{Quote box
|quote = She [Rihanna] just really made magic with that song and she made it her own. And the fact that her and Alex both helped craft the song and turned it into something that's bigger than me, it just means way more. The perspective that they gave to it, having it be this immigrant story, is something so cool and unique that I probably wouldn't have thought of had it not been for them.
|source = —Sam Harris talking to Billboard about "American Oxygen"[1]
|quoted = true
|bgcolor = #FFFFF0
|salign = center
|align = left
|width = 27%
|border = 1px
|fontsize = 90%
}}

"American Oxygen" was written by Alex da Kid, Sam Harris, Candice Pillay and Rihanna. The production was done by Alex da Kid and the American rapper Kanye West.[1] The writing of the song began in 2014, and it continued over a course of one year. Originally, Alex da Kid sent the beats of the song to Harris who started writing some lyrics. In an interview with Billboard, Harris noted how "American Oxygen" really stuck with him and he started the chorus with a couple lines he wrote: "We worked on just that chorus for like three or four months, going back and forth, back and forth.... It goes to show you that sometimes these songs just appear out of nowhere and sometimes you just have to go at it like a block of marble and you're chipping away at it."[2] Harris explained how he and Alex da Kid wanted the chorus of the song to say a lot, even with a very small amount of lyrics in it. When they got the final chorus, the producer started to look for potential performers of the song.[2]

When the song came across Rihanna, she and Alex da Kid began to adjust the song. The singer and the producer co-wrote the verses together with Harris, "I wrote one thing and then Alex and Rihanna had the idea to turn it into this song about an immigrant story, coming to this country as an outsider... That was her idea, really, hers and Alex's, to turn it into that kind of song." Harris stated that the inspiration for starting to write "American Oxygen" was the 1984 single "Born in the U.S.A." by Bruce Springsteen.[2] According to Harris, "He [Springsteen] gets that there's pride to living here in this country. This country is great and has the potential to be something really, really incredible, but there are a lot of problems that we don't acknowledge and it's important to shed light on both those things. And if you can do that in a song, that's the best."[2] He also told the publication that they have their own version of "American Oxygen" too, however, according to him it means much more to be sung by Rihanna because she is a black female immigrant in the United States, "That is so powerful for a young kid to see her singing that song, it gets me choked up just thinking about it. It really was made so much more powerful by what she contributed to the songwriting and the performance of the song. I idolize her, and to have been given the opportunity to work with her is amazing."[2]

Release

"American Oxygen" was first featured on commercials which promoted the 2015 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament.[8] Later, the song was made available for streaming on April 5, 2015, via Tidal, a service co-owned by Rihanna together with other music artists including, Jay Z, Beyoncé and Madonna.[3] On April 14, "American Oxygen" was made available for digital download worldwide via the iTunes Store.[10] In Canada and the United States it was released two days later, on April 16.[11] It was sent to Hot/Modern/AC radio in the United States on April 20,[12] and impacted the contemporary hit radio stations in the country a day after, on April 21.[13]

Composition and lyrical interpretation

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|title="American Oxygen"
|description=A 26-second sample of "American Oxygen", featuring "EDM-inspired beats"[14] and lyrics about the American dream, living in the new American society.
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"American Oxygen" is a sentimental ballad with a length of five minutes and twenty seconds.[14] According to Jim Farber of New York Daily News, it features a "deeply resonant production" accompanied by EDM-inspired beats.[14] Jessica Goodman of The Huffington Post described it as a "slowed-down, dubstep-influenced track" in which she calls out a "new America."[4] According to Ariana Bacle of Entertainment Weekly, "American Oxygen" is a "a slower, soulful take on living in America."[5] Dee Lockett of Vulture described it as a "sobering ode to the American dream".[6] Lyrically, the song interprets an immigrant story which could be seen in the lyrics:

Oh say can you see? This is the American dream

Young girl hustlin'

On the other side of the ocean.

You can be anything at all

In America, America.

I say, if you can't see,

Just close your eyes and breathe.[7]

Farber compared the lyrical content of the song to the one of the 2009 single "Empire State of Mind" by Jay Z and Alicia Keys. According to Farber, "American Oxygen" "offers an un-ironic endorsement of the American dream, saluting unending possibility and upward mobility" and features Rihanna proudly singing the lines, "We sweat for a nickel and a dime, turn it into an empire."[8] According to Jake Flanagin of Quartz, the song is autobiographical to Rihanna and describes her move to the United States in late 2003, when record producer Evan Rogers discovered her in Barbados.[7] VH1's Alexa Tietjen wrote that "American Oxygen" is similar to a presidential speech and "portrays a hurtful past while fostering hope for the future".[9] According to Erika Ramirez of Billboard, the lyrics of the song describe "pursuit and resilience."[10] CBS Radio's reviewer thought that the final line in the song, "This is the new America" can be deemed as the "most telling".[11]

Critical reception

Vulture's Lockett wrote "But just in case the song doesn't wind up replacing our national anthem, it'd also make for the perfect Empire theme song."[6] Tietjen of VH1 described "American Oxygen" as different for 180 degrees from her previous single, "Bitch Better Have My Money", and not "as raw as" "FourFiveSeconds".[9] Ailbhe Mahone of the Irish Times declared the single as 'Track of the Week' and called it "epic". She also wrote, "When she sings the line ‘we are the new America’, we defy you not to feel a shiver down your spine."[12]

Rob Le Donne of The Guardian wrote that the single features more "serious" Rihanna than the persona on her previous singles, "it's hard to tell exactly what Rihanna is trying to say – but maybe that’s the point." Further more, he praised the producers Alex da Kid and West and the "layered" production that they have done on the song. However, he thought that "American Oxygen" is not "radio-friendly" unlike Eminem and Rihanna's 2010 single "Love the Way You Lie", which was also produced by Alex da Kid, or Rihanna's songs from her previous album, Unapologetic, including "Diamonds" and "Pour It Up". Le Donne wrote "So why is Rihanna, arguable queen of the club jam, putting out such a heavy single when she could have released another party banger?" To answer his question he put out two theories, on the first one, he thought that putting out the song is a "calculated move driven to get people talking about her again" because she has been musically inactive for three years, or the second theory that "Rihanna wants to move past her commercial dance tracks and actually comment on today's society".[13]

Commercial performance

"American Oxygen" debuted at number 91 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart for the issue dated May 2, 2015. For the week, it sold over 20,000 digital copies and was streamed 2.1 million times.[14] It peaked at number 78 on its second week on the chart and charted for four weeks total.

Music video

Development and synopsis

The music video for "American Oxygen" was directed by Darren Craig, Jonathan Craven and Jeff Nicholas of the Uprising Creative. The trio had previously collaborated with Rihanna on the video for her 2013 single, "What Now".[15] Nathan Scherrer served as a producer of the visual, while Isaac Bauman was the director of photography. Clark Eddy of Snipomatic was the editor of the video, while Ben Piety helped the line producing. Brandon Mendez served as a production designer, Mel Ottenberg designed Rihanna's outfits, while Trevor Durtschi and Ntropic did the coloring.[16] It premiered on April 6 exclusively on Tidal.[17] On April 16 it was uploaded on Rihanna's official Vevo account on YouTube.[18] Subsequently, Rihanna posted on her official Twitter account, "one of the most important music videos I have made to date".[19] The same day, it was made available for digital download on the iTunes Store.[20]

The video begins with Rihanna standing on the stairs of a building on which wall is a big American flag. During the moment, shadows of a number of people are screened on the wall. Scenes are intercut with a moment from the inauguration of the first ever black American president, Barack Obama. As the song begins Rihanna is shown singing the lyrics in front of a giant American flag. Other scenes such as rising up the flag, peaceful protests and imagery of a typical American family are also shown. Those are followed by inserts which include Martin Luther King Jr. and an American slave. Other scenes such as immigration in the country, the Apollo 11, the 1968 Olympics Black Power salute, Beatlemania, Occupy Wall Street, September 11 attacks and Black Lives Matter are also presented throughout the clip.[17][21][22][23] At one point Rihanna is seen wearing a parachute suit while a big parachute is hanging on her back, struggling to crawl with it. It ends with Rihanna losing off her parachute. She looks in the camera "intently" and "tilts her head in a mildly defiant, almost challenging way".[7]

Reception

In a review of the video, Alex Ungerman of Entertainment Tonight felt that the repetition of the word "breath" is a very serious symbol and an important message linked to the death of Eric Garner.[21] According to a writer of Capital FM, the video shows the patriotic side of Rihanna and the struggle experienced by the black people in the country and their success.[24] Steven Gottlieb of Videostatic wrote that the video is, "is probably a bit more political than you might expect, utilizing a mix of news footage that runs the gamut from tragedy to transcendence."[16] A Rap-Up-reviewer thought that with the visual Rihanna spreads her message of unity.[17] Us Weeklys Madeline Boardman called the music video "stunning" and thought it was different than Rihanna's previous videos in which she is known for "pushing the boundaries". She also wrote, "the clip was celebrated by social media users as "powerful," "important," and "iconic."[19] Zoe Anastasiou of Style website commented the fashion and wrote, "Rihanna's new video for 'American Oxygen' touches on issues of racial injustice and immigration, a far cry from the videos highlighting her bold (and oft barely-there) looks."[25]

Daniel Kreps of Rolling Stone described the visual as, a quasi-time capsule feel, juxtaposing patriotic imagery with archival footage of the United States' most noteworthy historical events."[22] He further wrote that, the video "similarly gazes inwards towards the nation" that results in a visual experience that could be seen in the visual for Billy Joel's 1989 single, "We Didn't Start the Fire".[22] Times Nolan Feeney thought that some of the presented historical moments "challenges readings of the song as a pure ode to the land of opportunity".[26] Quartz's Flanagin disagreed with the critics who thought the video and the song were contradictory. According to him, "The message is clear: the life of the American immigrant is full of contradictions. To embark for the United States, illegally or with visa in hand, as a strawberry-picker or a pop-star, is an endeavor fueled by hope. But new arrivals often face intense social push back."[7] Adam Fleischer of MTV News noted that "those clips span decades, relate to numerous situations and evoke an array of emotions", and eventually agreed with Feeney.[23] Michelle Geslani of Consequence of Sound wrote, "It's a gripping visual that seems to pose the question: How far are we willing to go to protect this so-called Land of Opportunity?"[27]

The video has since been nominated for the Best Video With A Social Message at the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards.[28]

Live performances

On April 4, 2015, Rihanna performed at the Final Four of the 2015 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, which was held in Indianapolis, Indiana. During the performance, she sang "American Oxygen" for the first time, as well as "Bitch Better Have My Money" and "FourFiveSeconds". The concert also featured Rihanna's older hits, such as "Stay", "We Found Love" and "Diamonds".[29] Rihanna also performed the song on the 40th season finale of SNL, alongside "Bitch Better Have My Money".[30]

Awards and nominations

YearAwardCategoryResult
2015[31]MTV Video Music Award Best Video with a Social Message{{nominated}}

Charts

{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}

Weekly charts

{{singlechart|Austria|52|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=April 29, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=austria}}{{singlechart|Flanders Tip|4|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=April 24, 2015|refname="Flanders"|rowheader=true}}{{singlechart|Wallonia Tip|6|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=April 24, 2015|refname="Wallonia"|rowheader=true}}{{singlechart|Canada|59|artist=Rihanna|accessdate=April 23, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=canadianhot100}}{{singlechart|Czechdigital|5|year=2015|week=17|rowheader=true|accessdate=April 28, 2015}}{{singlechart|Denmark|22|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=May 1, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=denmark}}{{singlechart|Finland|19|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=May 10, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=finland}}{{singlechart|France|25|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=April 25, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=france}}{{singlechart|Germany2|39|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|songid=1412032|accessdate=February 13, 2019|rowheader=true|refname=germany}}{{singlechart|Hungarytop10|24|year=2015|week=16|rowheader=true|accessdate=April 23, 2015|refname=Hungary}}{{singlechart|Ireland|33|year=2015|week=19|accessdate=May 8, 2015|refname="Ireland"|rowheader=true}}{{singlechart|Billboardjapanhot100|87|artist=Rihanna|artistid=691305|rowheader=true|accessdate=2015-05-16}}{{singlechart|Dutch100|43|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=April 23, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=dutch}}{{singlechart|Norway|25|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=May 4, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=norway}}{{singlechart|Slovakdigital|6|year=2015|week=17|rowheader=true|accessdate=April 28, 2015}}{{singlechart|Spain|27|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=April 27, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=spain}}{{singlechart|Sweden|11|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=April 23, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=sweden}}{{singlechart|Switzerland|30|artist=Rihanna|song=American Oxygen|accessdate=April 26, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=switzerland}}{{singlechart|UKsinglesbyname|71|artist=Rihanna|rowheader=true|accessdate=April 22, 2015|refname="uk"}}{{singlechart|Billboardhot100|78|artist=Rihanna|accessdate=April 23, 2015|rowheader=true|refname=hot100}}{{singlechart|Billboardpopsongs|34|artist=Rihanna|accessdate=May 5, 2015|rowheader=true}}
Chart (2015)Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[32] 65
Belgium (Ultratop Flanders Urban) 16
Italy (FIMI)[33]51
South Korea (Gaon Chart)[34]27
{{col-2}}

Year-end charts

Chart (2015)Position
Belgium (Ultratop Flanders Urban)[35]52
{{col-end}}

Certifications

{{Certification Table Top}}{{certification Table Entry|type=single|region=Denmark|artist=Rihanna|title=American Oxygen|award=Gold|certyear=2015|relyear=2015|accessdate=September 1, 2015|salesamount=30,000{{sup|ǂ}}|certref=[36]}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Poland|type=single|artist=Rihanna|title=American Oxygen|award=Gold|certyear=2015|relyear=2015|accessdate=December 16, 2015}}{{Certification Table Entry|region=Sweden|type=single|artist=Rihanna|title=Bitch Better Have My Money|award=Platinum|certyear=2015|relyear=2015|certref=[37]}}{{Certification Table Bottom|nosales=true}}

Release history

CountryDateFormatLabel{{abbr|Ref.|References
AustraliaApril 14, 2015Digital download{{hlist|Roc Nation|Westbury Road}} [38]
Brazil [39]
France [40]
Germany [41]
Italy [42]
New Zealand [43]
Spain [44]
United Kingdom [45]
CanadaApril 16, 2015 [46]
United States [47]
April 20, 2015 Hot/Modern/AC radio [48]
April 21, 2015 Contemporary hit radio [49]

References

1. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a641992/rihanna-to-release-new-song-american-oxygen-on-itunes.html#~p9WpfNm8VwQjCg|title=Rihanna to release new song 'American Oxygen' on iTunes|publisher=Digital Spy|last=Lewis|first=Corner|date=April 15, 2015|accessdate=April 15, 2015}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/the-juice/6524518/how-born-in-the-usa-inspired-rihannas-american-oxygen|title=How 'Born in the U.S.A.' Inspired Rihanna's 'American Oxygen'|work=Billboard|last=Stutz|first=Colin|date=April 9, 2015|accessdate=April 10, 2015}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2124299/rihanna-american-oxygen/|title= Rihanna Gifts The Earth With New Song, American Oxygen'|publisher=MTV News|last=Lidner|first=Emilee|date=April 5, 2015|accessdate=April 10, 2015}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/04/06/rihanna-american-oxygen_n_7009930.html|title=Rihanna Debuts New Track 'American Oxygen' Via Tidal|work=The Huffington Post|last=Goodman|first=Jessica|date=April 6, 2015|accessdate=April 10, 2015}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2015/04/05/rihanna-debuts-american-oxygen-tidal|title=Rihanna debuts soulful 'American Oxygen' on Tidal|work=Entertainment Weekly|last=Bacle|first=Ariana|date=April 5, 2015|access-date=April 11, 2015}}
6. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.vulture.com/2015/04/rihanna-american-oxygen.html|title=Rihanna’s New Song Should Be America’s Next National Anthem|publisher=Vulture|last=Lockett|first=Dee|date=April 6, 2015|accessdate=April 12, 2015}}
7. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://qz.com/385462/rihannas-american-oxygen-video-is-a-powerful-statement-on-immigration/|title=Rihanna’s new video is a surprisingly powerful statement on immigration|publisher=Quartz|last=Flanagin|first=Jake|date=April 16, 2015|accessdate=April 18, 2015}}
8. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/single-review-rihanna-american-oxygen-grand-ballad-article-1.2175025|title=Rihanna’s ‘American Oxygen’ review: New single offers an un-ironic endorsement of the American dream|work=Daily News|location=New York|last=Farber|first=Jim|date=April 6, 2015|accessdate=April 10, 2015}}
9. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.vh1.com/news/5267/rihanna-releases-american-oxygen-on-itunes/|title=Rihanna Drops 'American Oxygen' for Everyone Who Doesn’t Use Tidal|publisher=VH1|last=Tietjen|first=Alexa|date=April 16, 2015|accessdate=April 16, 2015}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/the-juice/6524243/rihanna-american-oxygen-video-tidal|title=Rihanna Debuts 'American Oxygen' Video on Tidal|work=Billboard|last=Ramirez|first=Erika|date=April 6, 2015|accessdate=April 11, 2015}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://radio.com/2015/03/06/rihanna-american-oxygen-r8-march-madness/|title=Rihanna’s ‘American Oxygen’ Song Teased on Instagram|publisher=CBS Radio|date=March 9, 2015|accessdate=April 12, 2015}}
12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/culture/music/pop-corner-rihanna-s-new-blast-of-fresh-air-breaths-extra-life-into-album-1.2186353|title=Pop Corner: Rihanna’s new blast of fresh air breaths extra life into album|work=Irish Times|last=Mahone|first=Ailbhe|date=April 23, 2015|accessdate=April 23, 2015}}
13. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2015/apr/16/rihanna-american-oxygen-eric-garner|title=Is Rihanna's American Oxygen an anthem for Eric Garner?|work=The Guardian|last=Le Donne|first=Rob|date=April 16, 2015|accessdate=April 17, 2015}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/6545957/hot-100-chart-moves-rihanna-american-oxygen|title=Hot 100 Chart Moves: Rihanna Breathes Life Into Chart With 'American Oxygen'|work=Billboard|last=Trust|first=Gary|date=April 24, 2015|accessdate=April 25, 2015}}
15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.videostatic.com/watch-it/2013/11/15/rihanna-what-now-jeff-nicholas-jonathan-craven-darren-craig-dir|title=Rihanna 'What Now' (Jeff Nicholas, Jonathan Craven, Darren Craig, dir.)|publisher=Videostatic|last=Gottlieb|first=Steven|date=November 15, 2013|accessdate=April 17, 2015}}
16. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.videostatic.com/watch-it/2015/04/17/rihanna-american-oxygen-darren-craig-jonathan-craven-jeff-nicholas-dir|title=Rihanna 'American Oxygen' (Darren Craig, Jonathan Craven, Jeff Nicholas, dir.)|publisher=Videostatic|last=Gottlieb|first=Steven|date=April 17, 2015|accessdate=April 17, 2015}}
17. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.rap-up.com/2015/04/06/video-rihanna-american-oxygen/|title=Video: Rihanna - 'American Oxygen'|work=Rap-Up|accessdate=April 11, 2015}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://pitchfork.com/news/59253-rihanna-shares-politically-charged-american-oxygen-video/|title=Rihanna Shares Politically-Charged "American Oxygen" Video|work=Pitchfork Media|last=Minsker|first=Evan|date=April 16, 2015|accessdate=April 16, 2015}}
19. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/news/rihannas-stunning-american-oxygen-video-tells-the-countrys-story-2015164|title=Video: Rihanna's Stunning "American Oxygen" Music Video Tells the Country's Story: Watch|work=Us Weekly|last=Boardman|first=Madeline|date=April 16, 2015|accessdate=April 17, 2015}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/music-video/american-oxygen/id985441898|title=Music Videos — American Oxygen by Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (US)|accessdate=April 17, 2015}}
21. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.etonline.com/music/162316_rihanna_debuts_american_oxygen_video_everything_you_need_to_know_without_signing_up_for_tidal/|title=Rihanna Debuts 'American Oxygen' Video: Everything You Need to Know|work=Entertainment Tonight|last=Ungerman|first=Alex|date=April 6, 2015|accessdate=April 11, 2015}}
22. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/rihanna-gets-political-on-american-oxygen-video-20150406|title=Watch Rihanna Get Political on 'American Oxygen' Video|work=Rolling Stone|date=April 6, 2015|accessdate=April 11, 2015|last=Kreps|first=Daniel}}
23. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2125054/rihanna-american-oxygen-video/|title=Rihanna Takes Us Through U.S. History With Her ‘American Oxygen’ Video|publisher=MTV News|last=Fleischer|first=Adam|date=April 6, 2015|accessdate=April 11, 2015}}
24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.capitalfm.com/artists/rihanna/news/american-oxygen-higher/#EeGOWzh4ho5jyui2.97|title=WATCH: Rihanna Drops Patriotic Video For New Song ‘American Oxygen’|publisher=Capital FM|date=April 7, 2015|accessdate=April 11, 2015}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.style.com/culture/entertainment/2015/rihanna-american-oxygen-news |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418150532/http://www.style.com/culture/entertainment/2015/rihanna-american-oxygen-news |dead-url=yes |archive-date=April 18, 2015 |title=Rihanna Segues From Fashion to Activism in Latest Video, and More of Today’s News |publisher=Style.com |last=Anastasiou |first=Zoe |date=April 16, 2015 |accessdate=April 18, 2015 }}
26. ^{{cite news|url=http://time.com/3772974/rihanna-american-oxygen-video/|title=Watch Rihanna Get Political in ‘American Oxygen’ Video|work=Time|last=Feeney|first=Nolan|date=April 6, 2015|accessdate=April 11, 2015}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://consequenceofsound.net/2015/04/rihanna-unveils-video-for-american-oxygen-watch/|title=Rihanna unveils video for 'American Oxygen' — watch|publisher=Consequence of Sound|last=Geslani|first=Michelle|date=April 16, 2015|accessdate=April 16, 2015}}
28. ^{{cite web|title=2015 MTV Video Music Awards Nominations|url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2015|work=MTV}}
29. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/rihanna-debuts-american-oxygen-slams-rfra-at-march-madness-fest-20150405|title=Rihanna Debuts 'American Oxygen,' Slams RFRA at March Madness Fest|work=Rolling Stone|last=Kreps|first=Daniel|date=April 5, 2015|accessdate=April 5, 2015}}
30. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/watch-rihannas-stunning-snl-season-ending-performances-20150517|title=Watch Rihanna's Stunning 'SNL' Season-Ending Performances|work=Rolling Stone|last=Kreps|first=Daniel|date=May 17, 2015|accessdate=May 31, 2015}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2219077/2015-vma-nominations/|title=2015 VMA Nominations|}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.noise11.com/news/aria-singles-wiz-khalifa-and-charlie-puth-spend-third-week-on-top-music-news-20150425|title=ARIA Singles: Wiz Khalifa and Charlie Puth Spend Third Week On Top|publisher=Noise11|last=Ryan|first=Gavin|date=April 25, 2015|accessdate=April 25, 2015}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fimi.it/classifiche#/category:digital/year:2015/id:2036/page:1|title=Top Digital - Classifica settimanale WK 19 (dal 2015-05-04 al 2015-05-10)|publisher=Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana|accessdate=September 25, 2015}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?serviceGbn=ALL&termGbn=week&hitYear=2015&targetTime=18&nationGbn=E|title=Gaon Digital Chart|publisher=Gaon Chart|accessdate=April 25, 2015}}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ultratop.be/nl/annual.asp?year=2015&cat=sr|title=Ultratop Jaaroverzichten 2015: Urban|publisher=Ultratop|accessdate=December 27, 2014|language=Dutch}}
36. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ifpi.dk/?q=certificeringer&page=76|title=Certificeringer {{!}} page 76|publisher=IFPI Denmark|language=Danish|accessdate=September 1, 2015}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sverigetopplistan.se/ |title=Search for "Rihanna", then look for the title of the song in the list (#50 under Rihanna's songs). Click on "visa" and go to the "certifikat" area - Platina 2015-07-07. |accessdate=July 24, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601230428/http://www.sverigetopplistan.se/ |archivedate=June 1, 2009 |df= }}
38. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/au/album/american-oxygen-single/id985918504|title=Music – American Oxygen – Single by Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (AU)|accessdate=April 15, 2015}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/br/album/american-oxygen-single/id985918504|title=Música – American Oxygen – Single por Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (BR)|accessdate=April 16, 2015|language=Portuguese}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/fr/album/american-oxygen-single/id985918504|title=Musique – American Oxygen – Single par Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (FR)|accessdate=April 16, 2015|language=French}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/de/album/american-oxygen-single/id985918504|title=Musik – American Oxygen – Single von Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (DE)|accessdate=April 16, 2015|language=German}}
42. ^{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/it/album/american-oxygen-single/id985918504|title=Musica – American Oxygen – Single di Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (IT)|accessdate=April 16, 2015|language=Italian}}
43. ^{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/nz/album/american-oxygen-single/id985918504|title=Music – American Oxygen – Single by Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (NZ)|accessdate=April 15, 2015}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/es/album/american-oxygen-single/id985918504|title=Musica – American Oxygen – Single de Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (ES)|accessdate=April 16, 2015|language=Spanish}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/american-oxygen-single/id985918504|title=Music – American Oxygen – Single by Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (GB)|accessdate=April 16, 2015}}
46. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/ca/album/american-oxygen-single/id985818336|title=Music – American Oxygen – Single by Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (CA)|accessdate=April 16, 2015}}
47. ^{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/american-oxygen-single/id985818336|title=Music – American Oxygen – Single by Rihanna|publisher=iTunes Store (US)|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150508135133/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/american-oxygen-single/id985818336| archivedate=May 8, 2015}}
48. ^1 {{cite web| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419225155/http://www.allaccess.com/hot-modern-ac/future-releases| accessdate=April 19, 2015| archivedate=April 19, 2015| title= Hot/Modern/AC Future Releases | url= http://www.allaccess.com/hot-modern-ac/future-releases |publisher= All Access Music Group}}
49. ^1 {{cite web|accessdate=April 18, 2015|title= Top 40/Mainstream Future Releases|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150418185748/http://www.allaccess.com/top40-mainstream/future-releases | archivedate = April 18, 2015 | url= http://www.allaccess.com/top40-mainstream/future-releases |publisher= All Access Music Group}}

External links

  • {{MetroLyrics song|rihanna|american-oxygen}}
  • {{YouTube|id=Ao8cGLIMtvg|title="American Oxygen" music video}}
{{Rihanna songs}}{{X Ambassadors}}

12 : 2015 songs|2015 singles|2010s ballads|Rihanna songs|Songs written by Rihanna|Songs written by Alex da Kid|Song recordings produced by Alex da Kid|Song recordings produced by Kanye West|Pop ballads|Songs about the United States|Songs written by Candice Pillay|X Ambassadors songs
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