| 词条 | Ovalipes ocellatus |
| 释义 |
| name = Ovalipes ocellatus | image = Crab from Long Island.jpg | image_caption = A moulted carapace of O. ocellatus | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | subphylum = Crustacea | classis = Malacostraca | ordo = Decapoda | infraordo = Brachyura | familia = Portunidae | genus = Ovalipes | species = O. ocellatus | binomial = Ovalipes ocellatus | binomial_authority = (Herbst, 1799) [1] | synonyms_ref = [2] | synonyms =
}}{{Portal|Crustaceans}} Ovalipes ocellatus is a species of crab from eastern North America. It is most commonly known as the Lady Crab. Other names for it include the Leopard Crab or Atlantic Leopard Crab due to the leopard-like rosette patterns on its shell, the Calico Crab (not to be confused with Hepatus epheliticus), or Ocellated Crab.[3] It has a shell {{convert|3|in|cm|1|abbr=on}} long and only slightly wider, which is covered in clusters of purple spots. It occurs from Canada to Georgia, and lives mainly on molluscs, such as the Atlantic surf clam. DescriptionThe carapace of O. ocellatus is slightly wider than long, at {{convert|8.9|cm}} wide,[3] and {{convert|7.5|cm|abbr=on}} long.[5] This distinguishes it from other crabs in the family Portunidae, which often have elongated lateral spines.[5] The carapace is yellow-grey[5] or light purplish,[3] with "leopardlike clusters of purple dots",[5] and 3–5 spines along the edge behind each eye.[3] O. ovalipes is almost identical to O. floridanus, which lives in the Gulf of Mexico, but can be separated from the sympatric O. stephensoni by the purple spots, which O. stephensoni lacks.[4] DistributionThe distribution of O. ocellatus extends from Canada to Georgia.[4] O. ocellatus is "probably the only Ovalipes species common north of Virginia", being replaced by Ovalipes stephensoni to the south.[5] Life cycleO. ocellatus has five larval stages, lasting a total of 18 days at {{convert|25|C|F}} and a salinity of 30‰, and 26 days at {{convert|20|C|F}} and 30‰.[6]EcologyO. ocellatus is a nocturnal[4] predator,[3] which often buries itself in the sand.[3] It has been described as "vicious" and "the crab most likely to pinch a wader's toes".[4] It feeds mostly on molluscs, particularly the Atlantic surf clam Spisula solidissima.[7]Taxonomic historyO. ocellatus was first described by Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst in 1799, as Cancer ocellatus.[2] In 1898, Mary Jane Rathbun moved the species to her new genus Ovalipes.[8]References1. ^{{ITIS |taxon=Ovalipes ocellatus (J. F. W. Herbst, 1799) |id=98714 |accessdate=August 29, 2011}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q7113228}}2. ^1 {{cite web |author=P. Davie |year=2010 |title=Ovalipes ocellatus (Herbst, 1799) |publisher=World Register of Marine Species |url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158434 |accessdate=June 6, 2010}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book |author=Leland W. Pollock |title=A practical guide to the marine animals of northeastern North America |publisher=Rutgers University Press |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-8135-2399-6}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite book |title=A Field Guide to Southeastern and Caribbean Seashores: Cape Hatteras to the Gulf Coast, Florida, and the Caribbean |series=Peterson Field Guides |author=Eugene H. Kaplan |editor=Roger Tory Peterson |edition=2nd |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-395-97516-9 |chapter=Lady crab Ovalipes ocellatus |pages=322}} 5. ^{{cite book |author=William S. Johnson & Dennis M. Allen |year=2005 |title=Zooplankton of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts: a guide to their identification and ecology |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |isbn=978-0-8018-8019-3 |chapter=Swimming (Portunid) crabs |pages=220–222}} 6. ^{{cite book |title=Larvae of anomuran and brachyuran crabs of North Carolina: a guide to the described larval stages of anomuran (families Porcellanidae, Albuneidae, and Hippidae) and brachyuran crabs of North Carolina, U.S.A. |series=Volume 1 of Crustaceana monographs |author=Stephan Gregory Bullard |publisher=Brill |year=2003 |isbn=978-90-04-12841-5 |chapter=Ovalipes ocellatus (Herbst, 1799) |pages=29–30}} 7. ^{{cite journal |author=Linda L. Stehlik |year=1993 |title=Diets of the brachyuran crabs Cancer irroratus, C. borealis, and Ovalipes ocellatus in the New York Bight |journal=Journal of Crustacean Biology |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=723–735 |jstor=1549103 |doi=10.2307/1549103}} 8. ^{{cite journal |author=Mary Jane Rathbun |year=1898 |title=The Brachyura collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross on the voyage from Norfolk, Virginia, to San Francisco, California, 1887-1888 |journal=Proceedings of the United States National Museum |volume=21 |issue=1162 |pages=567–616 |url=http://biostor.org/reference/3351 |authorlink=Mary Rathbun |doi=10.5479/si.00963801.21-1162.567}} 3 : Portunoidea|Crustaceans of the Atlantic Ocean|Crustaceans described in 1799 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。