| 词条 | Baidu Maps | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Baidu Maps (百度地图) | logo = | screenshot = Baidu_map_for_Shanghai,_China,_using_the_Sim_City_style.png | caption = Screenshot of the Sim City-like style that Baidu Maps offers for the city of Shanghai, China. | url = {{URL|https://map.baidu.com/|Baidu Maps}} | commercial = Yes | type = Web mapping | key_people = | language = Chinese | registration = | owner = Baidu | launch date = {{start date and age|2005}} | current status = Active | revenue = }} Baidu Maps is a desktop and mobile web mapping service application and technology provided by Baidu, offering satellite imagery, street maps, street view ("Panorama" - zh:百度全景) and indoor view[1] perspectives, as well as functions such as a route planner for traveling by foot, car, or with public transportation. Android and iOS applications are available. Baidu Maps is available only in the Chinese language and before 2016, it offered maps only of mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, the rest of the world appearing unexplored.[2] Currently Baidu Maps also offers maps of various other countries.[3] It's reported that more than 150 countries will be supported by the end of 2016.[4] Baidu uses map data supplied by NavInfo, MapKing, Here, LocalKing and OpenStreetMap.[5] In 2016, it is reported that Baidu Maps has over 348 million monthly active users, and will "transform from a Chinese map provider to a world map provider and become the Chinese brand that provides global services for mobile travel applications", which also outlines Baidu's plans for global expansion.[6][7] Countries and territories supported
Rest of the World{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} History
Coordinate systemBaidu Map uses a variant of web Mercator projection for slicing map data into tiles, with distances expressed in degrees. It's associated with an underlying latitude-longitude reference. However, the reference uses the BD-09 coordinate system, which adds further obfuscation to the already obfuscated national standard in China, GCJ-02[11] (which in turn is defined in terms of the de facto standard around the world, WGS 84). Baidu alleges that adopting BD-09 "protects users' privacy".[12] The Baidu Map API documentation specifies that "real" (WGS-84) GPS coordinates must be converted via a coordinate conversion interface.[13] An HTTP interface, JavaScript API, Android SDK, and iOS SDK are available. The JavaScript coordinate conversion API is demonstrated online by Baidu, but without any reverse (to GCJ-02) conversion capabilities.[14] Open source implementations in R [15] and various other languages[16] exist, implemented in a manner much like the reverse GCJ-02 algorithm. BD-09's lat-lon coordinates are derived by scrambling a polar version of GCJ-02 coordinates and adding a fixed offset:[15] from cmath import polar, rect from math import sin, cos, pi
coords = complex
def gcj_bd(gcj: coords) -> coords: r, θ = polar(gcj) r += 2e-5 * sin(gcj.imag * pi * 3000 / 180) θ += 3e-6 * cos(gcj.real * pi * 3000 / 180) return rect(r, θ) + (0.0065 + 0.006j) Street view serviceThe street view service of Baidu Maps was first launched on August 21, 2013.[17] This is a list of cities supported as of March 11, 2015:
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Indoor view of Chinese restaurant|url=http://map.baidu.com/#panoid=d3ed1e688c1aaf46d2f49e55&panotype=inter&heading=161.9316813553592&pitch=-7.380378484300118&l=4&tn=B_NORMAL_MAP&sc=0&newmap=1&shareurl=1&pid=0800030000140531153905833IN&iid=d3ed1e688c1aaf46d2f49e55&psp=%7B%22PanoIndoorPoiModule%22%3A%7B%22uid%22%3A%228741d637411abe0bcbe33c54%22%7D%7D|publisher=Baidu Maps|accessdate=5 April 2015}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Why do Baidu and Tencent QQ Map(s) only show China, and blank for the rest of the world?|url=https://www.quora.com/Why-do-Baidu-and-Tencent-QQ-Map-s-only-show-China-and-blank-for-the-rest-of-the-world|date=5 April 2015}} 3. ^{{cite news | url=http://tech.huanqiu.com/original/2016-02/8485453.html | title=百度地图和支付宝抢在春节前登陆日本 | work=环球网 | date=2016-02-01| accessdate=2016-02-14}} 4. ^{{cite web | url=http://home.baidu.com/2016-05-09/1467556573.html | title=百度地图宣布国际化战略 年底覆盖150个国家 | work=百度 | date=2016-04-22| accessdate=2016-06-26}} 5. ^{{cite web|last1=Lee|first1=Mark|title=Apple Shares Google China Map Partner in Win for AutoNavi: Tech|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-07-05/apple-shares-google-china-map-partner-in-win-for-autonavi|publisher=Bloomberg|date=6 July 2012}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Baidu maps out global expansion - Business - Chinadaily.com.cn|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/tech/2016-11/29/content_27510421.htm|work=www.chinadaily.com.cn}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=https://expandedramblings.com/index.php/baidu-stats/}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Baidu beats Google when it comes to mapping|url=http://visualjournalism.com/baidu-beats-google-when-it-comes-to-mapping/2010/11/23/|accessdate=5 April 2015|date=23 November 2010}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Millward|first1=Steven|title=Baidu Maps Gets 8-Bit 3D Views, Makes Real Life Feel Like Sim City [UPDATED]|url=https://www.techinasia.com/china-baidu-maps-3d/|publisher=TechInAsia|accessdate=5 April 2015|date=3 September 2012}} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Custer|first1=Charlie|title=Baidu Maps Launches Satellite View|url=https://www.techinasia.com/baidu-maps-launches-satellite-view/|publisher=TechInAsia|accessdate=5 April 2015|date=6 November 2011}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://developer.baidu.com/map/question.htm#qa0022|website=developer.baidu.com/map|publisher=Baidu|language=Chinese}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://developer.baidu.com/map/question.htm#qa0023 |title=Baidu LBS Open Platform FAQ |publisher=Baidu Developer |date= |accessdate=2016-12-19}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Coordinate Conversion API|url=http://developer.baidu.com/map/changeposition.htm|website=developer.baidu.com/map|publisher=Baidu|language=Chinese}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Conversion from GCJ-02 coordinates used by Google Maps in China to BD-09|url=http://developer.baidu.com/map/jsdemo.htm#a5_1|website=Baidu Map JavaScript demos|language=Chinese}} 15. ^1 {{cite web|title=A package for geocoding, reverse geocoding and coordinate transformations between WGS-84, GCJ-02 and BD-09 coordinate systems|url=https://github.com/caijun/geoChina|date=15 February 2014}} 16. ^{{cite web|author1=[https://www.linkedin.com/in/googollee Lee, Googol]|title=Transform coordinates between Earth (WGS-84) and Mars in China (GCJ-02)|url=https://github.com/googollee/eviltransform}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.techweb.com.cn/news/2013-09-03/1321393.shtml|title=百度全景：真实世界 百度地图触手可及}} External links
4 : Baidu|Web mapping|Internet properties established in 2005|Street view services |
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