| 词条 | Catequilla |
| 释义 |
| name = Catequilla | native_name = | native_name_lang = | alternate_name = Kati-Killa | image = Catequilla.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Aerial view of the Cerro de Catequilla, archaeological site at the summit | map = | map_type = | map_alt = | map_caption = | map_size = | altitude_m = 2,638 | altitude_ref = | relief = | coordinates = | map_dot_label = | location = Pomasqui Valley | region = Ecuador | type = Archaeological site | part_of = | length = 107m | width = | area = | volume = | diameter = 68m | circumference = | height = 25cm | builder = | material = Stone | built = 800 | abandoned = | epochs = | cultures = Quitu-Cara | dependency_of = | occupants = | event = | discovered = | excavations = | archaeologists = Oswaldo Tovar | condition = | ownership = | management = | public_access = | other_designation = | website = | architectural_styles = | architectural_details = | notes = }}Monte Catequilla (also Kati-Killa) is an archaeological site in the Pomasqui Valley of Ecuador. Located in the Parish of San Antonio of Quito Canton in Pichincha Province, it has an elevation of {{convert|2638|m}} and is located on a mountaintop about {{convert|300|m|ft}} above valleys on either side. Attributed to the Pre-Columbian era Quitu-Cara culture, it was presumably used as an astronomical observatory even before the arrival of the Incas, and is the only prehispanic site in the Americas that is located precisely at the Earth's Equator.[1] HistoryCatequilla is translated from Quechua to mean "follower of the moon".[2] Its construction, circa 800 AD, is attributed to the Quitu-Cara culture.[3] The site consists of a semicircular wall, {{convert|107|m}} in length with a diameter of {{convert|68|m}}, although no clear architectural features accurately show the exact positions of its ends. It leans toward the east end south sides with at an azimuth of 113 degrees, and declines on the western end to the north side, with an azimuth of 293 degrees. The wall height varies between {{convert|25|cm}} and {{convert|1.2|m}}, but based on the broken material beside it, the wall could have been more than {{convert|2|m}} high. In the northwest of the site, there is a lithic disk (a circular stone-filled platform) {{convert|8|m}} in diameter, consisting mainly of stone masonry. It has three lines of stones. Situated on a hill,[4] there was a water source at the site at one time.[5] Along with the stone-filled circles of Jarata and Pacpo to the south, it forms a straight line along which the shade from the mountains falls during the June solstice. While many of the indigenous people today believe that the purpose of these circles was to provide a solid flat surface for the threshing of wheat and other cereals, several astronomic and geodetic alignments have been detected, questioning the validity of this theory. After several archaeological excavations by Oswaldo Tovar, many ceramics were unearthed from Incan and colonial times. Though the site is virtually abandoned, nearby mining operations in the area could jeopardize its integrity. Even so, the government has taken no action.[6] As it is located on the equator, it is said to be in the "Middle of the World". As of 2011, it is said to be "the only important pre-Inca site in Ecuador to have been commercially exploited."[7] The Inca pucara (stone fortress) of Rumicucho is located about {{convert|1550|m|ft}} north of Catequilla. References1. ^{{cite journal|surname=Cobo, Cristóbal|title=El sitio arqueológico Sobre el Monte Catequilla en la Latitud Cero|journal=Memorias del Simposio ARQ-13 del 51 Congreso Internacional de Americanistas|year=2004|publisher=Pereira editores|location=Chile|language=Spanish}} {{commonscat|Catequilla}}{{coord|0|0|0|N|78|25|43.3|W|type:landmark|display=title}}2. ^{{cite book|last1=Kelley|first1=David H.|last2=Milone|first2=Eugene F.|last3=Aveni|first3=A.F.|title=Exploring Ancient Skies: A Survey of Ancient and Cultural Astronomy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ILBuYcGASxcC&pg=PA467|accessdate=16 July 2012|date=18 February 2011|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4419-7623-9|page=467}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Adès|first1=Harry|last2=Graham|first2=Melissa|title=The Rough Guide to Ecuador|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zjxO1tW8XcAC&pg=PT245|accessdate=20 July 2012|date=4 January 2010|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-1-84836-191-1|pages=245–}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Zambrano|first=Ricardo P.|title=Quito: Patrimonio de la Humanidad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z-9Mj3cFHE0C&pg=PA49|accessdate=20 July 2012|year=2006|publisher=Libresa|language=Spanish|isbn=978-9978-49-052-5|pages=49–}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Costales|first1=Piedad Peñaherrera de|last2=Samaniego|first2=Alfredo Costales|last3=Peñaherrera|first3=Jaime Costales|title=Mitos Quitu-Cara|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j3Pf02k04hcC&pg=PA40|accessdate=20 July 2012|year=1996|publisher=Editorial Abya Yala|language=Spanish|isbn=978-9978-04-423-0|pages=40–}} 6. ^{{cite book|title=Folklore|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zq3WAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=20 July 2012|year=1942|publisher=s.n.|location=Lima|language=Spanish|page=130}} 7. ^{{cite book|last=Jacobs|first=Michael|title=Andes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XbH7MjwRsAMC&pg=PT153|accessdate=16 July 2012|date=5 May 2011|publisher=Granta Publications|isbn=978-1-84708-386-9|page=153}} 4 : Archaeological sites in Ecuador|Ancient astronomical observatories|Buildings and structures in Pichincha Province|Equator monuments |
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