| 词条 | Clearblue |
| 释义 |
| name = Clearblue | logo = | image = | caption = | currentowner = SPD Swiss Precision Diagnostics GmbH | introduced = 1985 | markets = World | previousowners = Unilever | website = {{URL|http://www.clearblue.com}} }}Clearblue is a brand of SPD Swiss Precision Diagnostics GmbH and offers consumer home diagnostic products such as pregnancy tests, ovulation tests and fertility monitors.[1][2][3] The Clearblue brand is distributed in 47 countries and was first launched in United Kingdom in 1985.[4][5] Product historyClearblue was introduced in 1985 with the launch of the first Clearblue Home Pregnancy Test system, which at the time was owned by Unilever.[4] It was the world’s first “rapid home test” that gave pregnancy test results in 30 minutes and allowed a woman to take a test before going to the doctor.[4] The test was a three-step process using a dipstick and small tray.[4] In 1988, Clearblue launched the first one-step pregnancy test with the invention of lateral flow technology.[3][6] This one-step test gave a result in 3 minutes, subsequently reduced to a 1-minute result when Clearblue introduced the world’s first one-minute home pregnancy test in 1996.[7] In 2003, Clearblue released the first digital pregnancy test to show the result in words ‘Pregnant’ or ‘Not Pregnant’ on a digital screen.[8][9] In 2008, Clearblue released the Clearblue Digital Pregnancy Test with Conception Indicator.[2][10] It was the first and only pregnancy test which showed the time since ovulation occurred (1-2, 2-3 or over 3 weeks) alongside a pregnant result.[10] It was released in Europe in 2008 and in the U.S in August 2013 under the name “Clearblue Advanced Digital Pregnancy Test with Weeks Estimator.”[1][11] Clearblue has also launched ovulation and fertility home diagnostic products to help women identify their fertile days and to maximize their chances of conception.[12] In 1989, Clearblue released the first one-step home ovulation test, enabling women to measure their surge in Luteinising Hormone (LH) to determine their most fertile days.[9][12] In 1999, the brand launched the world’s first dual-hormone fertility monitor, which allowed women to measure estrone3-glucuronide (estrogen) in combination with LH.[13] The company created the first digital ovulation test in 2004.[14] In 2013, the company also began offering an ovulation test with a dual hormone read detecting both estrogen and LH. Clearblue won the 2012 Red Dot Design Award in the product design category for its Clearblue Plus Pregnancy Test.[15] The Clearblue Digital Ovulation test was the 2011 Platinum winner in the Prima Baby Reader Awards.[16] Clearblue is a donor to Flight for Every Mother Ltd, a humanitarian project led by Dr. Sophia Webster which aims to improve maternal health in Africa.[17] SPD Swiss Precision Diagnostics GmbHUnilever’s diagnostics subsidiary, Unipath, was sold to Inverness Medical Innovations Group in 2001, later renamed ALERE.[4] Since 2007, Clearblue has been produced and distributed by SPD Swiss Precision Diagnostics GmbH, a 50/50 joint venture between Procter & Gamble and ALERE.[18][19][20][21][22] The company is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.[23] In addition to Clearblue, the company also manufactures and distributes other consumer diagnostic products including Accu-Clear, Fact Plus Pregnancy Test, Clearplan and the PERSONA monitor.[18][20][24] Clearblue Research CenterThe Clearblue research and development facility is based in Bedford, United Kingdom and employs over 130 people. The Research Center has conducted over 100 clinical studies involving over 500,000 clinical trial participants over the last 25 years.[25][26] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite journal |url=http://healthland.time.com/2013/08/28/finally-the-first-home-pregnancy-test-that-tells-you-how-pregnant-you-are/#ixzz2e2UqG3ub |accessdate=2013-10-07 |title=Finally, The First Home Pregnancy Test That Tells You How Pregnant You Are |journal=Time |author=Alexandra Sifferlin |date=2013-08-28 }} 2. ^1 {{cite web there are two windows a result line and a control line, if control like doesn't show up that doesn't always mean it is inaquarate. About 98% of the time they are right. You should still get a pregnancy test the following morning or go to your local doctor. |url=http://www.boston.com/lifestyle/health/2013/09/08/new-home-pregnancy-test-reveals-how-pregnant-you-are/UpQFvWgbq8Mhza8VKxmnSL/story.html |author=Deborah Kotz |date=2013-09-08 |accessdate=2013-10-07 |title=New home pregnancy test reveals how pregnant you are |publisher=Boston.com}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/29/magazine/who-made-that-home-pregnancy-test.html?_r=0 |title=Who Made That Home Pregnancy Test? |author=Pagan Kennedy |date=2012-07-27 |accessdate=2013-10-07 |publisher=New York Times}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |title=Corporate venturing: the origins of Unilever's pregnancy test |author1=Geoffrey Jones |author2=Alison Kraft |date=2010-06-04 |journal=Business History |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages = 100–122|doi=10.1080/00076790412331270139}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/societes/2013/09/11/20005-20130911ARTFIG00551-les-pharmaciens-defendent-leur-monopole-sur-les-tests-de-grossesse.php |accessdate=2013-10-07 |title=Les pharmacien défendent leur monopole sur les tests de grossesse |date=2013-11-09 |publisher=Le Figaro}} 6. ^{{cite book |chapter-url =http://lib.nmu.org.ua/genofond/?r=site/view&doc_id=1108607 | title=The Immunoassay Handbook |pages=533–536 |chapter=7.3: Lateral Flow and Consumer Diagnostics |author=Sarah Tiplady |year=2013 |accessdate=2013-10-17}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,288735,00.html |title=David Lynch Takes a Pregnancy Pause |author=A.J. Jacobs |date=1997-07-18 |publisher=Entertainment Weekly |accessdate=2013-10-07}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://history.nih.gov/exhibits/thinblueline/timeline.html |title=A Timeline of Pregnancy Testing |publisher=The Office of NIH History |accessdate=2013-10-07}} 9. ^1 {{cite book |chapter-url = http://lib.nmu.org.ua/genofond/?r=site/view&doc_id=1108607 | title=The Immunoassay Handbook |author= Sarah Tiplady |chapter=Chapter 7.4: Consumer Diagnostics—Clearblue Pregnancy and Fertility Testing |pages=537–540 |accessdate=2013-10-17}} 10. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.drugstorenews.com/article/swiss-precision-launches-pregnancy-test-also-provides-estimate-time-ovulation |title=Swiss Precision launches pregnancy test that also provides an estimate of time since ovulation |publisher=Drug Store News |author=Michael Johnsen |date=2013-08-28 |accessdate=2013-10-07}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://commonhealth.wbur.org/2013/09/pregnancy-test-miscarriage |publisher=NPR News Station |title=Can New Pregnancy Test Be Used To Watch For Early Miscarriage? |accessdate=2013-10-07 |date=2013-09-06 |author=Carey Goldberg}} 12. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.ucalgary.ca/uofc/Others/HOM/Proceedings-2004.pdf |title=History of Medicine Days |publisher=The University of Calgary |year=2004 |accessdate=2013-10-07 |editor-last=Whitelaw |editor-first=Dr. W. A.}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://hereandnow.wbur.org/2013/09/11/test-miscarriage-risk |title=New Pregnancy Test May Also Show Miscarriage Risk |accessdate=2013-10-07 |date=2013-07-11 |publisher=NPR News Station}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.swissprecisiondiagnostics.com/downloads/DigitalOvulation.pdf |accessdate=2013-10-07 |title=Clearblue Digital Ovulation Test}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.red-dot-21.com/products/clearblueplus-pregnancytest |title=ClearBlue Plus |publisher=Red Dot 21 |accessdate=2013-10-07}} 16. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.babyexpert.com/awards/pregnancy/platinum-winner---ovulation-test/1485.html |title=Platinum winner - ovulation test |publisher=Babyexpert.com |accessdate=2013-10-23}} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.flightforeverymother.com/sponsors |accessdate=2013-10-07 |publisher=Flight For Every Mother |title=Sponsors}} 18. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.drugstorenews.com/article/nad-recommends-modification-clearblue-easy-digital-ad-claims |title=NAD recommends modification of Clearblue Easy Digital ad claims |author=Michael Johnsen |date=2011-02-14 |publisher=Drug Store News |accessdate=2013-10-07}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.pgconnectdevelop.com/home/stories/jvs-joint-ventures/20121010-clearblue.html |title=Clearblue |date=10 Oct 2012 |publisher=Procter & Gamble |accessdate=17 Oct 2013}} 20. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.insideview.com/directory/spd-swiss-precision-diagnostics-gmbh |publisher=InsideView |title=SPD Swiss Precision Diagnostics GmbH |accessdate=2013-10-07}} 21. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2007/05/17/idUSIN20070517175152IMA20070517 |title=Inverness Medical and Procter & Gamble form consumer diagnostics joint venture – SPD Swiss Precision Diagnostics GmbH |date=17 May 2007 |accessdate=17 Oct 2013 |publisher=Thomson Reuters}} 22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.streetinsider.com/Corporate+News/Inverness+Medical+Innovations+(IMA)+Forms+Joint+Venture+with+Procter+%26+Gamble+(PG)/1454951.html |publisher=StreetInsider.com |date=27 Dec 2006 |title=Inverness Medical Innovation (IMA) Forms Joint Venture with Procter & Gamble (PG) |accessdate=17 Oct 2013}} 23. ^{{cite web |url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=39864851| title=SPD Swiss Precision Diagnostics GmbH |publisher=Bloomberg Businessweek |accessdate=2013-10-07}} 24. ^{{cite web |url=http://booksite.elsevier.com/9780080970370/content/Texts_chapter_pages/Texts_chapter%20pages/a7_4_Consumer_Diagnostics_Clearblue.html |title=7.4 Consumer Diagnostics—Clearblue Pregnancy and Fertility Testing |accessdate=2013-10-07}} 25. ^{{cite journal |author1=Sarah R. Johnson |author2=Fernando Miro |author3=Sophie Barrett |author4=Jayne E. Ellis |journal=Current Medical Research and Opinion |volume=25 |issue=3 |year=2009 |title=Levels of urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) following conception and variability of menstrual cycle length in a cohort of women attempting to conceive }} 26. ^{{cite journal |journal=Human Reproduction |title=Abstracts of the 27th Annual Meeting of ESHRE, Stockholm, Sweden, 3 July—6 July 2011 |date=2013-09-06 |author=Janet Grannells}} External links
2 : Tests for pregnancy|Fertility awareness |
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