“1950 in literature”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Events

January 19 – Isaac Asimov's first full-length novel, Pebble in the Sky, is published by Doubleday in the United States.

January 26 – Film noir Gun Crazy released in the United States. Co-writer Dalton Trumbo is billed under Millard Kaufman's name because of the former's appearance on the Hollywood blacklist. This year Trumbo serves 11 months in prison for Contempt of Congress, in the federal penitentiary in Ashland, Kentucky.

February – Jack Kerouac has his first novel, The Town and the City, published in the United States.

April 8 – J. D. Salinger's wartime short story "For Esmé—with Love and Squalor" is published in The New Yorker.

May 11 – Eugène Ionesco's first play, The Bald Soprano, receives its stage première in Paris.

September 10 – George Bernard Shaw is admitted to hospital, having fractured a hip falling out of a tree he was pruning.^[1] He returns home a few weeks later following a successful operation but subsequently suffers renal failure and dies at his home, Shaw's Corner (Ayot St Lawrence, Hertfordshire, England), aged 94.

October – Galaxy Science Fiction magazine launches in the United States.

October 12 – The daily comic strip Peanuts, by Charles M. Schulz, makes it debut in nine United States newspapers.

October 16 – C. S. Lewis's novel The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, first of The Chronicles of Narnia 7-book series, is published in the UK.^[2]

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn is sent to a "special camp" for political prisoners in Kazakhstan.

The 13th/14th century epic poem The Tale of the Heike is retold in modern Japanese prose by historical novelist Eiji Yoshikawa as Shin Heike monogatari ("New Tale of the Heike"), published in Asahi Weekly.

Blackwell's open the first specialist children's bookshop, in Broad Street, Oxford (England).^[3]

Adrian Bell begins writing his Countryman’s Notebook column in the Eastern Daily Press.

New books

Fiction

Marguerite de Angeli – The Door in the Wall

Reginald Arkell – Old Herbaceous (reissued 2002)

Isaac Asimov

I, Robot (collected short stories)
Pebble in the Sky

Georges Bataille – L'Abbé C

Georges Bernanos – Night Is Darkest

Ray Bradbury – The Martian Chronicles

Gwen Bristow – Jubilee Trail

Pearl S. Buck – The Child Who Never Grew

John Dickson Carr

The Bride of Newgate
Night at the Mocking Widow (as Carter Dickson)

Agatha Christie

A Murder is Announced
Three Blind Mice and Other Stories

Beverly Cleary – Henry Huggins

Catherine Cookson – Kate Hannigan^[4]

William Cooper – Scenes from Provincial Life^[4]

A. J. Cronin – The Spanish Gardener

L. Sprague de Camp and P. Schuyler Miller – Genus Homo

L. Sprague de Camp and Fletcher Pratt – The Castle of Iron

Daphne du Maurier – The Parasites

Marguerite Duras – Un Barrage contre le Pacifique (The Sea Wall)

Friedrich Dürrenmatt – The Judge and His Hangman (Der Richter und sein Henker)

Hans Fallada (died 1947) – The Drinker (Der Trinker; written 1944)

Ford Madox Ford (died 1939) – Parade's End (tetralogy first published together under this title)

James Fugaté (as James Barr) – A Modern Novel

Hugh Garner – Cabbagetown

Gaito Gazdanov – The Buddha's Return (Возвращение Будды, Vozvrashchenie Buddy, serialization completed)

Frank Gilbreth, Jr. and Ernestine Gilbreth Carey – Belles on Their Toes

Vasily Grossman – Stalingrad

Giovanni Guareschi – The Little World of Don Camillo

Frank Hardy – Power Without Glory

Ernest Hemingway – Across the River and Into the Trees

John Hersey – The Wall

Patricia Highsmith – Strangers on a Train

Elizabeth Jane Howard – The Beautiful Visit

Robert E. Howard – Conan the Conqueror

MacKinlay Kantor – Lee and Grant at Appomattox

Margaret Kennedy – The Feast

Jack Kerouac – The Town and the City

Frances Parkinson Keyes – Joy Street

Damon Knight – To Serve Man (short stories)

Manuel Mujica Láinez – Misteriosa Buenos Aires (short stories)

Doris Lessing – The Grass Is Singing

Rose Macaulay – The World My Wilderness

Roger Nimier – The Blue Hussar

Juan Carlos Onetti – La vida breve (A Brief Life)

Cesare Pavese – La Luna e i Falò

Mervyn Peake – Gormenghast

Pramoedya Ananta Toer – Perburuan (The Fugitive)

Kukrit Pramoj – Four Reigns (สี่แผ่นดิน, Si Phaen Din, serialized)

Barbara Pym – Some Tame Gazelle

Ellery Queen – Double, Double

Conrad Richter – The Town

Henry Morton Robinson – The Cardinal

Cezaro Rossetti – Kredu min, sinjorino!

Budd Schulberg – The Disenchanted

Nevil Shute – A Town Like Alice

Josef Škvorecký – Konec nylonového věku (The End of the Nylon Age)

John Steinbeck – Burning Bright

Rex Stout

Three Doors to Death
In the Best Families

Edith Templeton – Summer In The Country

Tereska Torrès – Women's Barracks

Boris Vian – L'Herbe rouge

Gore Vidal – Dark Green, Bright Red

A. E. van Vogt – The Voyage of the Space Beagle

Mika Waltari – The Adventurer

Evelyn Waugh – Helena

Denton Welch – A Voice Through a Cloud

Kathleen Winsor – Star Money

Yasushi Inoue

黯い潮 (Kuroi ushio)
その人の名は云えない (Sono hito no na ha ienai)
闘牛 (Tōgyū, The Bullfight)

Frank Yerby – Floodtide

Children and young people

Mabel Esther Allan

Over the Sea to School
A School in Danger

Leila Berg – The Adventures of Chunky (first in the Chunky series)

Joan Mary Wayne Brown as Mary Gervaise

A Pony of Your Own
Ponies and Holidays (first two in the Georgie series of ten books)

Anthony Buckeridge – Jennings Goes to School

Beverly Cleary – Henry Huggins

C. S. Forester – Mr. Midshipman Hornblower

William Glynne-Jones – Pennants on the Main

C. S. Lewis – The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (first in The Chronicles of Narnia series)

Elinor Lyon – The House in Hiding (first novel in Ian and Sovra series)

Katherine Milhous – The Egg Tree

Anne Parrish – The Story of Appleby Capple

Richard Scarry – First Book Ever

James Thurber – The 13 Clocks

Drama

Bertolt Brecht – The Tutor (Der Hofmeister, adapted from Lenz)
Emilio Carballido – Rosalba y los Llaveros
Friedrich Dürrenmatt – Romulus the Great (Romulus der Große)
Christopher Fry – Venus Observed
Hugh Hastings – Seagulls Over Sorrento
Kermit Hunter – Unto These Hills
William Inge – Come Back, Little Sheba
Eugène Ionesco – The Bald Soprano (La Cantatrice chauve)
Frederick Lonsdale – The Way Things Go
Esther McCracken – Cry Liberty
Terence Rattigan – Who Is Sylvia?
Nelly Sachs – Eli: Ein Mysterienspiel vom Leiden Israels (verse)
John Steinbeck – Burning Bright
Vernon Sylvaine – Will Any Gentleman?

Poetry

Leah Bodine Drake – A Hornbook for Witches
Pablo Neruda – Canto General
Stevie Smith – Not Waving But Drowning

Non-fiction

Roland Bainton – Here I Stand: A Life of Martin Luther
Elizabeth David – A Book of Mediterranean Food
Victor Gollancz (ed.) – A Year of Grace
Ernst Gombrich – The Story of Art
Gurbachan Singh Talib – Muslim League Attack on Sikhs and Hindus in the Punjab 1947
Thor Heyerdahl – Kon-Tiki
Octavio Paz – The Labyrinth of Solitude
Lionel Trilling – The Liberal Imagination: Essays on Literature and Society
Raymond Williams – Reading and Criticism
Cecil Woodham-Smith – Florence Nightingale
Desmond Young – The Desert Fox

Births

January 17 – Luis López Nieves, Puerto Rican writer
January 20 – Edward Hirsch, American poet
January 22 – Paul Bew, Irish historian and academic
January 24 – Benjamin Urrutia, Ecuadorian author and scholar
January 25 – Gloria Naylor, African-American novelist and academic
February 11 – Mauri Kunnas, Finnish children’s author
February 26 – Adam Cornford, English poet and essayist
March 23 – Ahdaf Soueif, Egyptian novelist
April 20 – Steve Erickson, American novelist
June 21 – Anne Carson, Canadian poet and scholar
June 25 – Barbara Gowdy, Canadian novelist
July 3 – Zhang Kangkang (张抗抗), Chinese writer
July 22 – Susan Eloise Hinton, American novelist
August 9 – Nicole Tourneur, French novelist (died 2011)
August 26 – Carl Deuker, American author
September 7 – Peggy Noonan, American columnist, political writer
September 16 – Henry Louis Gates, American literary critic
September 20 – James Blaylock, American fantasy author
October 10 – Nora Roberts, American novelist
October 12 – Edward Bloor, American novelist
October 17 – David Adams Richards, Canadian author
October 18 – Wendy Wasserstein, American playwright (died 2006)
October 27 – Fran Lebowitz, American writer
November 3 – Massimo Mongai, Italian author
November 4 – Charles Frazier, American novelist
December 18 – Leonard Maltin, American film critic and historian
December 20 – Sheenagh Pugh, English-born poet and novelist
December 30 – Timothy Mo, Hong Kong British novelist
Unknown – Bandi, North Korean fiction writer

Deaths

January 5 – Basil Williams, English historian (born 1867)
January 21 – George Orwell (Eric Arthur Blair), English novelist (tuberculosis, born 1903)^[5]
February 7 – D. K. Broster, English historical novelist (born 1877)
February 13 – Rafael Sabatini, Italian-born English-language novelist (born 1875)
February 24 – Irving Bacheller, American journalist and novelist (born 1859)
March 5 – Edgar Lee Masters, American poet (born 1868)
March 11 – Heinrich Mann, German novelist (born 1871)
March 19 – Edgar Rice Burroughs, American author (born 1875)
March 22 – Emmanuel Mounier, French philosopher, journalist and theologian (born 1905)
April 1 – F. O. Matthiessen, American historian and literary critic (born 1902)
April 8 – Albert Ehrenstein, Austrian Expressionist poet (born 1886)
April 27 – H. Bonciu, Romanian novelist, poet and translator (cancer, born 1893)
May 6 – Agnes Smedley, American journalist and writer (born 1892)
May 10 – Belle da Costa Greene, American librarian (born 1883)
May 11 – Alfred O. Andersson, English-born American journalist and newspaper publisher (born 1874)
June 4 – George Cecil Ives, German-born English poet, writer and reformer (born 1867)
June 14 – Katharine Glasier, English writer and socialist (born 1867)
July 7 – Guy Gilpatric, American short story writer (suicide, born 1896)
August 27 – Cesare Pavese, Italian poet and novelist (born 1908)
September 6 – Olaf Stapledon, English philosopher and science fiction writer (heart attack, born 1886)
September 18 – Henrik Rytter, Norwegian dramatist, lyricist and translator (born 1887)
October 9 – Nicolai Hartmann, German-Latvian philosopher (born 1882)
October 19 – Edna St. Vincent Millay, American poet (heart attack, born 1892)
October 31 – Herbert Kelly, English religious writer and cleric (born 1860)
November 2 – George Bernard Shaw, Irish dramatist, critic and activist (born 1856)
November 25 – Johannes V. Jensen, Danish author (born 1873)
December 28 – Sigizmund Krzhizhanovsky, Soviet short-story writer (born 1887)
December 31 – Xavier Villaurrutia, Mexican poet and dramatist (born 1903)
Unknown dates
- Edith Escombe, English fiction writer and essayist (born 1866)
- Cezaro Rossetti, Scottish-born Esperanto writer (born 1901)
- Helen Rowland, American journalist and humorist (born 1875)
- Cuthbert Whitaker, English yearbook editor (born 1873)

Awards

Carnegie Medal for children's literature: Elfrida Vipont, The Lark on the Wing
James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction: Robert Henriques, Through the Valley
James Tait Black Memorial Prize for biography: Cecil Woodham-Smith, Florence Nightingale
Mystery Writer Of Japan – Kazuo Shimada, Shakai-bu Kisha ("City Reporter")
Newbery Medal for children's literature: Marguerite de Angeli, The Door in the Wall
Newdigate prize: John Bayley
Nobel Prize for Literature: Bertrand Russell
Premio Nadal: Elena Quiroga, Viento del norte
Pulitzer Prize for Drama: Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II, Joshua Logan, South Pacific
Pulitzer Prize for Fiction: A. B. Guthrie, Jr., The Way West
Pulitzer Prize for Poetry: Gwendolyn Brooks, Annie Allen (first African American winner)

References

1. ^{{cite web |title=George Bernard Shaw treated in Luton after tree fall |url=http://www.dunstabletoday.co.uk/community/nostalgia/george-bernard-shaw-treated-in-luton-after-tree-fall-1-3686051 |work=Dunstable Today |date=2012-03-31 |accessdate=2013-04-11}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://cslewis.drzeus.net/forums/viewtopic.php?p=93874 |title=Lucy Barfield: The Real Lucy of Narnia|work=Into the Wardrobe |date=27 May 2006 |accessdate=2010-10-04}}
3. ^{{cite book |first=Malcolm |last=Graham |title=On foot from Broad Street |publisher=Oxford Preservation Trust |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-9576797-1-9 |page=18}}
4. ^¹{{cite book |first=David |last=Kynaston |authorlink=David Kynaston |title=Austerity Britain 1945–1951 |location=London |publisher=Bloomsbury |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-7475-7985-4}}
5. ^{{cite news|title=George Orwell, Author, 46, Dead. British Writer, Acclaimed for His '1984' and 'Animal Farm,' is Victim of Tuberculosis. Two Novels Popular Here, Distaste for Imperialism|work=The New York Times|date=22 January 1950}}

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