- Examples Affine Stacks Weighted Projective Line Non-Example
- References
In algebraic geometry, a Deligne–Mumford stack is a stack F such that
- (i) the diagonal morphism
is representable, quasi-compact and separated. - (ii) There is a scheme U and étale surjective map
(called an atlas).
Pierre Deligne and David Mumford introduced this notion in 1969 when they proved that moduli spaces of stable curves of fixed arithmetic genus are proper smooth Deligne–Mumford stacks.
If the "étale" is weakened to "smooth", then such a stack is called an algebraic stack (also called an Artin stack, after Michael Artin). An algebraic space is Deligne–Mumford.
A key fact about a Deligne–Mumford stack F is that any X in 
, where B is quasi-compact, has only finitely many automorphisms.
A Deligne–Mumford stack admits a presentation by a groupoid; see groupoid scheme.
Examples
Affine Stacks
Deligne–Mumford stacks are typically constructed by taking the stack quotient of some variety where the stabilizers are finite groups. For example, consider the action of the cyclic group 
on 
given by
.
Then the stack quotient 
is an affine smooth Deligne–Mumford stack with a non-trivial stabilizer at the origin. If we wish to think about this as a category fibered in groupoids over 
then given a scheme 
the over category is given by
Note that we could be slightly more general if we consider the group action on 
.
Weighted Projective Line
Non-affine examples come up when taking the stack quotient for weighted projective space/varieties. For example, the space 
is constructed by the stack quotient 
where the 
-action is given by
Notice that since this quotient is not from a finite group we have to look for points with stabilizers and their respective stabilizer groups. Then 
if and only if 
or 
and 
or 
, respectively, showing that the only stabilizers are finite, hence the stack is Deligne–Mumford.
Non-Example
One simple non-example of a Deligne–Mumford stack is 
since this has an infinite stabilizer. Stacks of this form are examples of Artin stacks.
References
- {{Citation | last1=Deligne | first1=Pierre | author1-link=Pierre Deligne | last2=Mumford | first2=David | author2-link=David Mumford | title=The irreducibility of the space of curves of given genus | url=http://www.numdam.org/item?id=PMIHES_1969__36__75_0 |mr=0262240 | year=1969 | journal=Publications Mathématiques de l'IHÉS | issue=1 | pages=75–109 | doi=10.1007/BF02684599 | volume=36| citeseerx=10.1.1.589.288 }}