| 词条 | Ernest Moniz |
| 释义 |
|name = Ernest Moniz |image = Moniz official portrait standing.jpg |office = 13th United States Secretary of Energy |president = Barack Obama |deputy = Daniel Poneman Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall |term_start = May 21, 2013 |term_end = January 20, 2017 |predecessor = Steven Chu |successor = Rick Perry |office1 = Under Secretary of Energy for Energy and Environment |president1 = Bill Clinton |term_start1 = October 29, 1997 |term_end1 = January 20, 2001 |predecessor1 = Steven Chu |successor1 = Robert G. Card |birth_name = Ernest Jeffrey Moniz |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1944|12|22}} |birth_place = Fall River, Massachusetts, U.S. |death_date = |death_place = |party = Democratic |spouse = Naomi Moniz |education = Boston College (BS) Stanford University (MS, PhD) }} Ernest Jeffrey Moniz, GCIH[1] (born December 22, 1944) is an American nuclear physicist and former United States Secretary of Energy, serving under U.S. President Barack Obama from May 2013 to January 2017. In June 2017, Moniz became co-chairman and chief executive officer of the Nuclear Threat Initiative, a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization working to prevent catastrophic attacks with weapons of mass destruction and disruption—nuclear, biological, radiological and cyber.[2] He served as the Associate Director for Science in the Office of Science and Technology Policy in the Executive Office of the President of the United States from 1995 to 1997 and was Under Secretary of Energy from 1997 to 2001 during the Clinton Administration. Moniz is one of the founding members of The Cyprus Institute and has served at Massachusetts Institute of Technology as the Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics and Engineering Systems, as the Director of the Energy Initiative, and as the Director of the Laboratory for Energy and the Environment.[3] On March 4, 2013, Moniz was nominated by President Obama to replace outgoing Energy Secretary Steven Chu for his second term.[4] His appointment was confirmed by the Senate in a unanimous vote on May 16, 2013.[5] Early life and educationMoniz was born in 1944 in Fall River, Massachusetts, the son of Georgina (Pavão) Moniz and Ernest Perry Moniz, both of whose parents were Portuguese immigrants from São Miguel Island, Azores.[6] He graduated from Durfee High School in Fall River, Massachusetts in 1962, where he was a member of the National Honor Society and was the president of the school's math club.[7] Moniz attended Boston College, where he received his Bachelor of Science {{Lang|la|summa cum laude}} in physics. He received his PhD in theoretical physics from Stanford University in 1972.[8][9] CareerMoniz joined the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1973, serving as head of the Department of Physics from 1991 to 1995 and as director of the Bates Linear Accelerator Center.[10] He co-chairs the MIT research council. He served in the Clinton administration as Associate Director for Science in the Office of Science and Technology Policy in the Executive Office of the President from 1995 to 1997.[11] Moniz worked in the United States Department of Energy, serving as Under Secretary of Energy from 1997 to 2001.[12] Moniz is one of the founding members of The Cyprus Institute, where he and other scholars undertook the coordination, research and planning of the project. In 2013, he received the title of Doctor Honoris Causa from the Universidad Pontificia Comillas de Madrid as a recognition of his research on energy policies and technologies.[13] U.S. Secretary of Energy (2013–2017)On May 16, 2013, his appointment was confirmed on a 97–0 vote by the Senate.[5] He succeeded Steven Chu as Secretary of Energy. Moniz was sworn in as Energy Secretary on May 21, 2013 by Deputy Energy Secretary Daniel Poneman. Secretary Moniz played a crucial role in negotiations toward a comprehensive agreement on the Iranian nuclear program, directly negotiating technical details with the Iranian atomic energy minister Ali Akbar Salehi, an MIT graduate, and reassuring President Obama that concessions important to the Iranians would not pose a major threat.[14] The comprehensive agreement between Iran and the so-called "P5+1" (which includes the 5 permanent members of the UN Security Council, plus Germany and a representative from the European Union) was finalized on July 14, 2015, to much fanfare and criticism.[15] Honors
References1. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.presidencia.pt/?idc=10&idi=95254 |title=Presidente recebeu Secretário de Energia norte-americano Ernest Moniz |work=President of Portugal |location= Lisbon |date=10 July 2015 |accessdate=10 July 2015}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.nti.org/newsroom/news/ernest-j-moniz-named-new-ceo-nti/|title=Ernest J. Moniz Named New CEO of NTI {{!}} NTI News|last=|first=|date=|website=www.nti.org|access-date=2017-06-08}} 3. ^{{cite web | url=http://esd.mit.edu/Faculty_Pages/moniz/moniz.htm | title = Faculty & Teaching Staff | publisher =MIT Engineering Systems Division | author =Massachusetts Institute of Technology | date = | accessdate =February 24, 2013}} 4. ^[https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/environment/jan-june13/climate_03-04.html President Obama Nominates Candidates for Energy and Environmental Team] March 4, 2013 PBS NewsHour 5. ^1 {{cite news|last=Weiner|first=Rachel|title=Ernest Moniz confirmed as Energy secretary|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2013/05/16/ernest-moniz-confirmed-as-energy-secretary/|accessdate=16 May 2013|newspaper= The Washington Post |date=16 May 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web | url=http://ojornal.com/portuguese-brazilian-news/2013/03/obama-to-name-portuguese-american-scientist-to-head-energy-department/#axzz2Mf74deOw | title =Obama to name Fall River Native to head Energy Department | publisher =ojornal.com | author = | year =2013 | accessdate =March 5, 2013}} 7. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.southcoasttoday.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19970806/NEWS/308069995&template=printart | title =Durfee grad nominated to energy post | publisher =southcoasttoday.com | author1 =Carol Lee Costa-Crowell |author2=Lurdes da Silva | date =August 6, 1997 | accessdate =February 24, 2013}} 8. ^{{cite web | url=http://energy.gov/contributors/dr-ernest-moniz | title =Department of Energy "About Us" | publisher =energy.gov | author = |year =2013 | accessdate =December 12, 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web | url=http://gcep.stanford.edu/events/symposium/symposium2005/keynote.html | title =Events GCEP Research Symposium 2005 Keynote Speakers Prof. Freeman Dyson Prof. Ernest Moniz Prof. David Victor | publisher =stanford.edu | year =2005 | accessdate =February 24, 2013}} 10. ^{{cite web | url=http://web.mit.edu/ipc/people/faculty/moniz.html | title =Ernest Moniz Professor of Physics and Cecil and Ida Green Distinguished Professor Co-Director of the Laboratory for Energy and the Environment | publisher =mit.edu | accessdate =February 24, 2013}} 11. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/Energy-Voices/2013/0211/Will-Ernest-Moniz-be-the-next-Energy-secretary | title =Will Ernest Moniz be the next Energy secretary? | publisher =Christian Science Monitor | author =David J. Unger | date =February 11, 2013 | accessdate =February 24, 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nationaljournal.com/energy/who-is-ernest-moniz-obama-s-likely-pick-for-energy-secretary-20130221 |title=Who Is Ernest Moniz, Obama's Likely Pick for Energy Secretary? |publisher=nationaljournal.com |author=Niraj Chokshi |date=February 21, 2013 |accessdate=February 24, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130224071809/http://www.nationaljournal.com/energy/who-is-ernest-moniz-obama-s-likely-pick-for-energy-secretary-20130221 |archivedate=February 24, 2013 |df= }} 13. ^{{cite web | url=http://web.upcomillas.es/noticias/noticia.aspx?ID=1347 | title =Ernest Moniz, Ministro de Energía de EE.UU., nuevo doctor honoris causa por Comillas | publisher =comillas.edu | year =2013 | accessdate =April 5, 2015}} 14. ^{{cite news|title=An Iran Nuclear Deal Built on Coffee, All-Nighters and Compromise|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/04/world/middleeast/an-iran-nuclear-deal-built-on-coffee-all-nighters-and-compromise.html?_r=0|work=The New York Times}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Iran nuclear deal shifts tectonic plates in the Middle East|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/7/14/iran-nuclear-deal-shifts-mideast-tectonic-plates.html|publisher=Aljazeera America}} External links{{commons category}}
{{small|Acting}}}}{{s-ttl|title=United States Secretary of Energy|years=2013–2017}}{{s-aft|after=Grace Bochenek {{small|Acting}}}}{{s-end}}{{Obama cabinet}}{{United States Secretaries of Energy}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Moniz, Ernest}} 15 : 1944 births|21st-century American politicians|American nuclear physicists|American people of Azorean descent|Boston College alumni|Clinton administration personnel|Living people|Massachusetts Democrats|Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty|Obama administration cabinet members|Office of Science and Technology Policy officials|Politicians from Fall River, Massachusetts|Recipients of the Order of Prince Henry|Stanford University alumni|United States Secretaries of Energy |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。