| 词条 | Rankin Inlet |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Rankin Inlet |native_name = Kangiqliniq ᑲᖏᕿᓂᖅ |image_skyline = Downtown Rankin Inlet.jpg |image_caption = |pushpin_map = Canada Nunavut#Canada |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Canada |subdivision_type1 = Territory |subdivision_name1 = Nunavut |subdivision_type2 = Region |subdivision_name2 = Kivalliq Region |subdivision_type4 = Electoral districts |subdivision_name4 = Rankin Inlet North-Chesterfield Inlet Rankin Inlet South |government_footnotes =[1][2][3] |government_type = Hamlet Council |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Robert Janes |leader_title1 = MLAs |leader_name1 = Cathy Towtongie Lorne Kusugak |area_footnotes =[4] |area_total_km2 = 20.24 |area_blank1_title = Population Centre |area_blank1_km2 = 2.59 |population_as_of = 2016 |population_footnotes = [4][4] |population_total = 2,842 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_blank1_title = Population Centre |population_blank1 = 2,441 |population_density_blank1_km2 = auto |timezone = CST |utc_offset = −06:00 |timezone_DST = CDT |utc_offset_DST = −05:00 |coordinates = {{coord|62|48|35|N|092|05|58|W|region:CA-NU_type:city_scale:20000|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = [5] |elevation_m = 28 |postal_code_type = Canadian Postal code |postal_code = X0C 0G0 |area_code = 867 |blank_name = Telephone Exchange |blank_info = 645 |blank1_name = GNBC Code |blank1_info = OANSI |blank2_name = NTS Map |blank2_info = 055K16 |blank3_name = Waterway |blank3_info = Hudson Bay |website = www.rankininlet.net |footnotes = }} Rankin Inlet ({{lang-iu|Kangiqliniq}};[6] Inuktitut syllabics: ᑲᖏᕿᓂᖅ[7] or Kangirliniq,[8] ᑲᖏᖅᖠᓂᖅ,[7] or Kangir&iniq[9] meaning deep bay/inlet) is an Inuit hamlet on Kudlulik Peninsula in Nunavut, Canada.[10] Located on the northwestern Hudson Bay, between Chesterfield Inlet and Arviat, it is the regional centre for the Kivalliq Region. In the 1995 Nunavut capital plebiscite, Iqaluit defeated Rankin Inlet to become territorial capital of Nunavut. HistoryArchaeological sites suggest the area was inhabited around 1200 A.D. by Thule people, bowhead whale hunters. By the late 18th century, they were succeeded by Caribou Inuit who hunted the inland barren-ground caribou, and fished for Arctic char along the coast, as well as the Diane River and Meliadine River. The Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) established itself throughout the bay in the 17th century, and after 1717, sloops from Churchill, Manitoba traded north to Rankin Inlet and beyond. There was an unfortunate expedition shipwrecked on Marble Island, {{Convert|32|km|abbr=on}} east of Rankin Inlet: James Knight's expedition died in the island around 1722. It was surveyed by William Moor in 1747. HBC contact was followed in the mid-19th century by American and European whalers, who were followed by fur traders trapping white fox skins in the early 20th century, followed by missionaries who brought a written language system.[11][12] The town itself was founded by the owners of the Rankin Inlet Mine, just north of Johnston Cove. Starting in 1957, the mine produced nickel and copper ores from an underground operation. The mine was the first case of Inuit miners in Canada. When the mine closed in 1962, Rankin Inlet had a population of approximately 500 Inuit, and 70-80% had been mine workers. Several unsuccessful attempts followed to develop alternate sources of income for the town. These included a pig ranch in 1969 and a chicken-raising venture in the 1970s. Both animal groups were fed a diet of local fish, which gave the meat an unpleasant flavour. It was also common for the animals to freeze to death or be eaten by polar bears.[13] DemographicsIn the 2016 Census, Statistics Canada reported that Rankin Inlet had a population of 2,842 living in 795 of its 975 total dwellings, a 10.3% increase from its 2011 Census of 2,577.[14] With a land area of {{convert|20.24|km2|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|2842|20.24|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2016.[14] Arts and cultureRankin Inlet is not only notable for its artists and artisans, it is recognized as housing the only Inuit fine-arts ceramics production facility in the world.[15] Community artists work in a variety of media including ceramics, prints, bronze castings, carvings, watercolour and drawing. The Matchbox Gallery, founded in 1987, showcases art work and provides educational resources. The community is served by Kivalliq News, a weekly newspaper which publishes in both English and Inuktitut. ServicesThe community is served by the Rankin Inlet Airport, and by annual supply sealift. Groceries and household goods can be purchased at The North West Company's Northern Store or at the Kissarvik Cooperative. There are two convenience stores, one being The Red Top Variety Shop, formally the Innukshuk Shop, and the other being Kativik True Value Hardware. Both are locally owned and operated. There are several places to dine out which include The Captain's Galley (which is in the Siniktarvik Hotel), Turrarvik Inns North (Kissarvik Cooperative) and three Tim Hortons (in the Northern Store and two convenience stores)[16] outlets. Broadband communicationsThe community has been served by the Qiniq network since 2005. Qiniq is a fixed wireless service to homes and businesses, connecting to the outside world via a satellite backbone. The Qiniq network is designed and operated by SSI Micro. In 2017, the network was upgraded to 4G LTE technology, and 2G-GSM for mobile voice. LodgingRankin Inlet has several hotels, including the Siniktarvik Hotel[17] and Katimavik Suites.[18] GeographyRankin Inlet is notable for the chilling wind, severe winter storms, and water resources. The Diana River empties from the north into the hamlet's namesake inlet. The small Kivalliq Region has several lakes, the largest being Nipissa Lake, and is flanked by two bays, Melvin Bay on the west and Prairie Bay on the east. Paniqtoq Peninsula, on the inlet's far western shore, provides a barrier shelter for the smaller Kivaliq Region. Dozens of islands dot the inlet, including Thomson Island, the largest, and the Barrier Islands, the longest chain. These natural resources attract tourists who hunt, fish, and canoe. The Iqalugaarjuup Nunanga Territorial Park, {{Convert|10|km|abbr=on}} northwest of Rankin Inlet, is notable for hiking, fishing, bird watching and Thule archaeological sites.[19][20] ClimateRankin Inlet has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc), just short of a tundra climate. It is above the tree line. Temperatures stay below freezing from late September to early June. Although the climate is subarctic, temperatures rise and fall too rapidly and do not stay above {{convert|10|C}} for long enough (30 days) for trees to grow. Under the alternate formula for determining the boundary between Arctic and subarctic climates posited by Otto Nordenskiöld, however, Rankin Inlet, along with Arviat and Baker Lake, qualify as Arctic based on the relationship between the temperatures of the coldest and warmest months; in the case of Rankin Inlet, with a coldest-month (January) mean of {{convert|-30.8|C|}}, said boundary for the warmest month would be {{convert|12.1|C}} and Rankin Inlet’s warmest month (July) averages only {{convert|10.5|C}}. Beginning on January 16, 2008, Rankin Inlet endured the longest recorded blizzard in Canada.[21] Wind speed was {{Convert|74|km/h|abbr=on}} or above, with gusts to {{Convert|90|km/h|abbr=on}}, and wind chill values were as low as {{convert|−58|C|}}. This blizzard lasted 7 days 5 hours.[22] {{Weather box|location = Rankin Inlet Airport |metric first = Y |single line = Y |Jan maximum humidex= -3.0 |Feb maximum humidex= -4.4 |Mar maximum humidex= 1.1 |Apr maximum humidex= 2.5 |May maximum humidex= 13.4 |Jun maximum humidex= 26.3 |Jul maximum humidex= 32.2 |Aug maximum humidex= 31.8 |Sep maximum humidex= 21.8 |Oct maximum humidex= 11.7 |Nov maximum humidex= 1.4 |Dec maximum humidex= 0.8 |year maximum humidex= 32.2 |Jan record high C = -2.5 |Feb record high C = -4.4 |Mar record high C = 1.3 |Apr record high C = 3.4 |May record high C = 14.1 |Jun record high C = 26.1 |Jul record high C = 28.9 |Aug record high C = 30.5 |Sep record high C = 20.6 |Oct record high C = 11.8 |Nov record high C = 1.5 |Dec record high C = 0.9 |year record high C= 30.5 |Jan high C = -27.3 |Feb high C = -26.1 |Mar high C = -20.6 |Apr high C = -11.1 |May high C = -2.4 |Jun high C = 7.9 |Jul high C = 14.9 |Aug high C = 13.1 |Sep high C = 6.3 |Oct high C = -1.9 |Nov high C = -13.0 |Dec high C = -21.9 |year high C = -6.9 |Jan mean C= -30.8 |Feb mean C= -29.9 |Mar mean C= -25.0 |Apr mean C= -15.6 |May mean C= -5.8 |Jun mean C= 4.2 |Jul mean C= 10.5 |Aug mean C= 9.7 |Sep mean C= 3.8 |Oct mean C= -4.6 |Nov mean C= -17.0 |Dec mean C= -25.7 |year mean C= -10.5 |Jan low C = -34.4 |Feb low C = -33.6 |Mar low C = -29.2 |Apr low C = -20.1 |May low C = -9.0 |Jun low C = 0.5 |Jul low C = 6.1 |Aug low C = 6.2 |Sep low C = 1.3 |Oct low C = -7.3 |Nov low C = -20.9 |Dec low C = -29.4 |year low C = -14.2 |Jan record low C = -46.1 |Feb record low C = -49.8 |Mar record low C = -43.4 |Apr record low C = -35.7 |May record low C = -23.8 |Jun record low C = -9.4 |Jul record low C = -1.9 |Aug record low C = -1.4 |Sep record low C = -9.0 |Oct record low C = -27.4 |Nov record low C = -36.5 |Dec record low C = -43.6 |year record low C= -49.8 |Jan chill = -66.8 |Feb chill = -70.5 |Mar chill = -64.4 |Apr chill = -53.6 |May chill = -35.9 |Jun chill = -17.6 |Jul chill = -5.3 |Aug chill = -8.8 |Sep chill = -18.1 |Oct chill = -42.7 |Nov chill = -55.3 |Dec chill = -62.4 |year chill= -70.5 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 8.7 |Feb precipitation mm = 8.2 |Mar precipitation mm = 12.3 |Apr precipitation mm = 19.9 |May precipitation mm = 19.5 |Jun precipitation mm = 26.6 |Jul precipitation mm = 42.0 |Aug precipitation mm = 57.4 |Sep precipitation mm = 42.9 |Oct precipitation mm = 38.0 |Nov precipitation mm = 21.7 |Dec precipitation mm = 12.8 |year precipitation mm = 310.1 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 0.0 |Feb rain mm = 0.0 |Mar rain mm = 0.0 |Apr rain mm = 1.1 |May rain mm = 7.0 |Jun rain mm = 22.1 |Jul rain mm = 41.9 |Aug rain mm = 57.2 |Sep rain mm = 39.1 |Oct rain mm = 12.9 |Nov rain mm = 0.3 |Dec rain mm = 0.1 |year rain mm= 181.8 |snow colour = green |Jan snow cm = 8.9 |Feb snow cm = 8.5 |Mar snow cm = 12.5 |Apr snow cm = 19.2 |May snow cm = 13.0 |Jun snow cm = 4.6 |Jul snow cm = 0.1 |Aug snow cm = 0.2 |Sep snow cm = 3.8 |Oct snow cm = 25.5 |Nov snow cm = 22.4 |Dec snow cm = 13.3 |year snow cm = 131.9 |Jan humidity= 66.2 |Feb humidity= 67.3 |Mar humidity= 71.3 |Apr humidity= 79.0 |May humidity= 82.3 |Jun humidity= 72.3 |Jul humidity= 66.6 |Aug humidity= 70.6 |Sep humidity= 76.3 |Oct humidity= 84.5 |Nov humidity= 78.4 |Dec humidity= 70.2 |year humidity= 73.7 |precip days colour = green |unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm |Jan precipitation days = 7.8 |Feb precipitation days = 6.6 |Mar precipitation days = 9.0 |Apr precipitation days = 8.5 |May precipitation days = 8.7 |Jun precipitation days = 7.7 |Jul precipitation days = 10.4 |Aug precipitation days = 13.2 |Sep precipitation days = 12.7 |Oct precipitation days = 14.9 |Nov precipitation days = 12.6 |Dec precipitation days = 10.0 |year precipitation days = 122.1 |unit rain days = 0.2 mm |Jan rain days = 0.0 |Feb rain days = 0.0 |Mar rain days = 0.0 |Apr rain days = 0.7 |May rain days = 2.3 |Jun rain days = 6.3 |Jul rain days = 10.4 |Aug rain days = 13.2 |Sep rain days = 10.5 |Oct rain days = 4.2 |Nov rain days = 0.4 |Dec rain days = 0.1 |year rain days= 48.4 |unit snow days = 0.2 cm |Jan snow days = 7.8 |Feb snow days = 6.7 |Mar snow days = 9.0 |Apr snow days = 8.2 |May snow days = 7.1 |Jun snow days = 2.0 |Jul snow days = 0.1 |Aug snow days = 0.1 |Sep snow days = 3.3 |Oct snow days = 12.4 |Nov snow days = 12.5 |Dec snow days = 10.0 |year snow days= 79.3 |source 1 = Environment Canada Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010[23] }} Notable people
See also
References1. ^Nunavummiut vie for council positions in upcoming hamlet elections 2. ^Results for the constituency of Rankin Inlet North-Chesterfield Inlet {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114000204/http://www1.elections.nu.ca/apps/Elections/dspResults.aspx?election=21&const=Rankin%20Inlet%20North-Chesterfield%20Inlet |date=2013-11-14 }} at Elections Nunavut 3. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www2.elections.nu.ca/apps/Elections/dspResults.aspx?election=21&const=Rankin%20Inlet%20South |title=Results for the constituency of Rankin Inlet South |access-date=2017-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404145338/http://elections.nu.ca/apps/Elections/dspResults.aspx?election=21&const=Rankin%20Inlet%20South |archive-date=2016-04-04 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=POPC&Code1=1320&Geo2=CD&Code2=6205&Data=Count&SearchText=Rankin%20Inlet&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=1320&TABID=1 | title=Census Profile, 2016 Census Rankin Inlet [Population centre], Nunavut and Keewatin, Region [Census division], Nunavut| publisher=Statistics Canada |accessdate=2017-02-18}} 5. ^Elevation at airport. {{CFS}} 6. ^Rankin Inlet 7. ^1 Research Database 8. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.nwmb.com/english/resources/harvest_study/33%20NWHS%20Rankin%20Inlet.pdf |title=Harvest Estimates |access-date=2011-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425151933/http://www.nwmb.com/english/resources/harvest_study/33%20NWHS%20Rankin%20Inlet.pdf |archive-date=2012-04-25 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 9. ^'Language watchdog needed in Nunavut 10. ^[https://archive.is/20120708022732/http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/search/search_results?expression=Kudlulik+Peninsula&image2.x=7&image2.y=7 nkin Inlet] at the Atlas of Canada 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.arcticomi.ca/2rankin.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030503191104/http://www.arcticomi.ca/2rankin.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2003-05-03 |title=NOTRE DAME DU CAP |publisher=arcicomi.ca |accessdate=2008-01-26 }} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.pulaarvik.ca/community/Inuit.html |title=Pulaarvik Kablu Friendship Centre |publisher=pulaarvik.ca |accessdate=2008-01-26}} 13. ^History of the Development of Agriculture in the N.W.T. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929071142/http://www.farmnwt.com/history.pdf |date=2007-09-29 }} 14. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6205017&Geo2=CD&Code2=6205&Data=Count&SearchText=Rankin%20Inlet&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=6205017&TABID=1 | title=Census Profile, 2016 Census| publisher=Statistics Canada | accessdate=February 18, 2017}} 15. ^Rankin Inlet art and artists {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022095841/http://matchboxgallery.com/about.htm |date=2007-10-22 }} 16. ^Tim Hortons hype out of line, says Nunavut restaurant-owner 17. ^Siniktarvik Hotel 18. ^Katimavik Suites 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://res.worldviewtravel.com/destinations/guide.rvlx?dg_id=712&dgd_id=15427 |title=Landmarks |publisher=worldviewtravel.com |accessdate=2008-01-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105175710/http://res.worldviewtravel.com/destinations/guide.rvlx?dg_id=712 |archivedate=2007-11-05 |df= }} 20. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nunavutparks.com/on_the_land/igalugaarjuup_park.cfm |title= Iqalugaarjuup Nunanga Territorial Park. |publisher=Nunavut Parks |accessdate=2008-01-26 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070608182828/http://www.nunavutparks.com/on_the_land/igalugaarjuup_park.cfm |archivedate= 2007-06-08}} 21. ^Environment Canada defines a blizzard as a snowstorm with sustained wind speed above {{Convert|40|km/h|abbr=on}}, visibility below {{convert|400|m|abbr=on}} and conditions will last for at least six hours. Blizzard 22. ^{{cite journal|journal=up here|title=Home of the blizzard|date=Oct–Nov 2008|accessdate=2011-09-17|url=http://uphere.ca/node/294|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110901000548/http://uphere.ca/node/294|archive-date=2011-09-01|dead-url=yes|df=}} 23. ^{{cite web | publisher = Environment Canada | url = ftp://client_climate@ftp.tor.ec.gc.ca/Pub/Normals/English/English_CSV_files/NU/NU_ALER-WHAL_ENG.csv | format = CSV (4222 KB) | id = Climate ID: 2303401 | title = Rankin Inlet A | work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 | accessdate = 2013-11-27 | df = }}{{cbignore}}{{dead link|date=September 2018}} Further reading{{refbegin}}
External links{{Commons category}}
4 : Mining communities in Nunavut|Populated places on Hudson Bay|Hamlets in the Kivalliq Region|Road-inaccessible communities of Nunavut |
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