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词条 Red Deer (provincial electoral district)
释义

  1. History

  2. Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs)

  3. Election results

     1905 general election  1940 general election  1943 by-election 

  4. Plebiscite results

     1957 liquor plebiscite 

  5. References

{{Infobox Canada electoral district
| name =Red Deer
| province =Alberta
| image =
| caption =
| prov-rep =
| prov-rep-link =
| prov-rep-party =
| prov-rep-party-link =
| prov-status =defunct
| prov-created =1905
| prov-abolished =1986
| prov-created2 =
| prov-election-first =1905
| prov-election-last =1982
}}

Red Deer was a provincial electoral district representing the city of Red Deer, Alberta in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1905 to 1986. The district was split into Red Deer North and Red Deer South in 1986.

History

Although an antecedent Red Deer district had existed in the Northwest Territories that covered much of central Alberta, it was split into Innisfail and Lacombe for the 1902 general election. When Alberta became a province in 1905, a smaller Red Deer district was created between Lacombe and Innisfail.

For most of the district's history, it was a swing riding, with no party being able win with a second representative until the Progressive Conservatives in the 1970s.

In the 1980s the city grew too large to be contained within a single electoral district, and Red Deer was split into Red Deer North and Red Deer South.

Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs)

MLAs for Red Deer
AssemblyYearsMemberParty
See Innisfail and Lacombe 1902-1905
1st1905–1909AB|Liberal|background}}|John MooreLiberal
2nd1909–1910AB|Independent|background}}|Edward MichenerIndependent
1910–1913AB|Conservative|background}}|Conservative
3rd1913–1917
4th1917–1918
1918AB|Vacant|background}}|Vacant
1918–1921AB|Liberal|background}}|John GaetzLiberal
5th1921–1926AB|United Farmers|background}}|George SmithUnited Farmers
6th1926–1930
7th1930–1931
1931AB|Vacant|background}}|Vacant
1931–1935AB|Conservative|background}}|William PayneConservative
8th1935–1940AB|Social Credit|background}}|Alfred HookeSocial Credit
9th1940–1943AB|Independent|background}}|Alfred SpeakmanUnity Movement
1943AB|Vacant|background}}|Vacant
1943–1944AB|Social Credit|background}}|David UreSocial Credit
10th1944–1948
11th1948–1952
12th1952–1953
1953–1954AB|Vacant|background}}|Vacant
1954–1955AB|Conservative|background}}|Cam KirbyConservative
13th1955–1959
1959AB|PC|background}}|Progressive Conservative
14th1959–1963AB|Social Credit|background}}|William UreSocial Credit
15th1963–1967
16th1967–1971
17th1971–1975AB|PC|background}}|James FosterProgressive Conservative
18th1975–1979
19th1979–1982Norman Magee
20th1982–1986Jim McPherson
See Red Deer North and Red Deer South 1986–present

Red Deer elected Liberal candidate John Moore as its first MLA in 1905 over the town's founder, Leonard Gaetz. However, he was defeated in 1909 by independent candidate Edward Michener.

Michener crossed the floor to the Conservative Party in 1910, becoming party leader and Leader of the Opposition. As party leader, he presided over a revival in Conservative fortunes in the 1913 election, but after losing to the Liberals again in 1917 he stepped down as leader. Prime Minister Robert Borden appointed him to the Senate in 1918, vacating the seat for Red Deer.

The ensuing by-election saw Leonard Gaetz' son John Gaetz, running for the Liberals unlike his father, triumph over the Conservative candidate. He served the rest of the term but was also defeated in the following election by United Farmers candidate and former mayor of Red Deer George Smith.

Smith defended the seat in the 1926 and 1930 elections despite strong challenges from Gaetz and Conservative candidate William Ernest Payne. However, Smith died suddenly in 1931, again vacating the seat. Payne was able to capture Red Deer for the Conservatives in the resulting by-election.

The 1935 election saw "Bible Bill" Aberhart's Social Credit sweep into power unexpectedly, with Alfred Hooke defeating Payne in Red Deer. After one term, Hooke chose to run in the new Rocky Mountain House district. He won the seat and stayed on as MLA until Social Credit's eventual defeat in 1971, serving in various cabinet positions.

However, the Red Deer seat was left open in 1940. Former Red Deer MP Alfred Speakman was jointly endorsed by the Liberals and Conservatives in what became known as the Independent Citizen's Association, officially running as an independent on the ballot, and managed to defeat the new Social Credit candidate to win the seat. He became the fifth member for Red Deer to serve only one term upon his death in 1943.

Social Credit candidate David Ure won the seat back for the government in a by-election in late 1943. He served three terms as MLA and Agriculture Minister until he, too, was killed in office by a traffic accident in 1953.

Conservative Cam Kirby picked the seat up in a 1954 by-election (defeating David Ure's younger brother, William Ure), and was re-elected in 1955. Despite winning the leadership of the newly-renamed Progressive Conservatives, however, Kirby lost to William Ure in 1959.

The younger Ure served as Red Deer MLA for three terms. Due to a boundary redistribution in 1971, he ran for re-election in Innisfail, but Social Credit lost both seats as the Progressive Conservatives swept to power. James Foster became MLA for Red Deer with the new government, and served two terms.

When he retired in 1979, Norman Magee defended the seat for the PCs, becoming the first Red Deer MLA from the same political party as his predecessor. Magee retired after one term and Jim McPherson served the final term for Red Deer before it was split in two in 1986. The new districts, Red Deer North and Red Deer South, continued to elect PC candidates until 2015, when both were won by the New Democrats.

Election results

1905 general election

Returning Officer[1]
Frank L. Farley
1905 Alberta general election results[2]Turnout Unknown
AffiliationCandidateVotes%{{Canadian party colour|AB|Liberal|row}}LiberalJohn T. Moore52448.03%{{Canadian party colour|AB|PC|row}}ConservativeLeonard Gaetz47943.90%{{Canadian party colour|AB|Independent|row}}IndependentAlexander McKenzie888.07%
Total1,091100%
Rejected, Spoiled and Declined8

1940 general election

1940 Alberta general election[3]Turnout %Turnout %
AffiliationCandidate1st%Votes%Count{{Canadian party colour|AB|Independent|row}}IndependentAlfred Speakman2,76036.99%2,35442.80%2nd{{Canadian party colour|AB|Social Credit|row}}Social CreditJ.H. McCulloch2,11038.23%1,36824.78%{{Canadian party colour|AB|Independent|row}}Independent ProgressiveAlban MacLellan97157.20%2ndEliminated 2nd
Valid Ballots5,814100%3,722100%
Exhausted Ballots2,0922 Counts

1943 by-election

December 18, 1943 by-election[3]Turnout %
AffiliationCandidate1st%Votes%Count{{Canadian party colour|AB|Social Credit|row}}Social CreditDavid Ure2,11038.23%2,53957.20%2nd{{Canadian party colour|AB|Independent|row}}IndependentWilfred J. Edgar2,04236.99%2,35442.80%2nd{{Canadian_politics/party_colours/CCF/row}}Cooperative CommonwealthE.P. Johns1,36824.78%Eliminated 2nd
Valid Ballots5,520100%4,839100%
Exhausted Ballots6272 Counts

Plebiscite results

1957 liquor plebiscite

1957 Alberta liquor plebiscite results: Grande Prairie[4]
Question A: Do you approve additional types of outlets for the
sale of beer, wine and spirituous liquor subject to a local vote?
Ballot ChoiceVotes%
Yes3,56556.88%
No2,70343.12%
Total Votes6,268100%
Rejected, Spoiled and Declined80
14,151 Eligible Electors, Turnout 44.86%

On October 30, 1957 a stand-alone plebiscite was held province wide in all 50 of the then current provincial electoral districts in Alberta. The government decided to consult Alberta voters to decide on liquor sales and mixed drinking after a divisive debate in the Legislature. The plebiscite was intended to deal with the growing demand for reforming antiquated liquor control laws.[5]

The plebiscite was conducted in two parts. Question A asked in all districts, asked the voters if the sale of liquor should be expanded in Alberta, while Question B asked in a handful of districts within the corporate limits of Calgary and Edmonton asked if men and woman were allowed to drink together in establishments.[4]

Province wide Question A of the plebiscite passed in 33 of the 50 districts while Question B passed in all five districts. Red Deer voted in favour of the proposal with a solid majority. Voter turnout in the district was slightly under the province wide average of 46%.[4]

Official district returns were released to the public on December 31, 1957.[4] The Social Credit government in power at the time did not considered the results binding.[6] However the results of the vote led the government to repeal all existing liquor legislation and introduce an entirely new Liquor Act.[7]

Municipal districts lying inside electoral districts that voted against the Plebiscite were designated Local Option Zones by the Alberta Liquor Control Board and considered effective dry zones, business owners that wanted a license had to petition for a binding municipal plebiscite in order to be granted a license.[8]

References

1. ^{{cite news|title=Territories Elections Ordinance; Province of Alberta|publisher=The Rocky Mountain Echo|date=October 30, 1905|pages=4|work=Vol VI No. 12}}
2. ^{{cite news|title=Official Declaration|pages=10|work=Vol V No. 24| date=November 24, 1905|publisher=Alberta Advocate}}
3. ^1 {{cite news|title=Social Credit Wins in Red Deer By-election |publisher=Red Deer Advocate|date=December 22, 1943|work=Vol. XLII No. 51|pages=1}}
4. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|title=Alberta Gazette|edition=December 31|pages=2,247-2,249|publisher=Government of Alberta|year=1957|volume=53}}
5. ^{{cite news|title=Albertans Vote 2 to 1 For More Liquor Outlets|publisher=The Lethbridge Herald|date=October 31, 1957|pages=1–2|work=Vol L No 273}}
6. ^{{cite news|title=No Sudden Change In Alberta Drinking Habits Is Seen|publisher=The Lethbridge Herald|date=October 24, 1957|page=1|work=Vol L No 267}}
7. ^{{cite news|title=Entirely New Act On Liquor|publisher=The Lethbridge Herald|date=March 5, 1958|page=1|work=Vol LI No 72}}
8. ^{{cite book|title=Alberta Bills 12th Legislature 1st Session|publisher=Government of Alberta|chapter=Bill 81|page=40|year=1958}}
{{AB-former-ED}}{{coord|52.271|N|113.813|W|display=title}}

4 : Former Alberta provincial electoral districts|1905 establishments in Alberta|1986 disestablishments|Politics of Red Deer, Alberta
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