“German submarine U-565”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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German submarine U-565

释义

Design
Service history
Wolfpacks
Summary of raiding history
See also
References
Notes Citations
Bibliography
External links

{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=

Ship caption=
}}{{Infobox ship career

Hide header=

Ship country=Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany|naval}}

Ship name=U-565

Ship ordered=24 October 1939

Ship builder=Blohm & Voss, Hamburg

Ship yard number=541

Ship laid down=3 March 1940

Ship launched=20 February 1941

Ship commissioned=10 April 1941

37|57|N|23|40|E}} in the Mediterranean.
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

Hide header=

Header caption=

Ship class=Type VIIC submarine

Ship displacement=

{{convert|769|t|LT|0}} surfaced
{{convert|871|t|LT|0|abbr=on}} submerged

Ship length=

{{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
{{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull

Ship beam=

{{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a
{{convert|4.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull

9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}

Ship power=

{{convert|2800|–|3200|PS|kW bhp|abbr=on}} (diesels)
{{convert|750|PS|kW shp|abbr=on}} (electric)

Ship propulsion=

2 shafts
2 × diesel engines
2 × electric motors

Ship speed=

{{convert|17.7|kn|lk=in}} surfaced
{{convert|7.6|kn}} submerged

Ship range=

{{convert|8500|nmi|abbr=on|lk=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced
{{convert|80|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged

Ship test depth=

{{convert|230|m|ft|abbr=on}}
Crush depth: {{convert|250|–|295|m|ft|abbr=on}}

Ship complement=4 officers, 40–56 enlisted

Ship sensors=

Ship EW=

Ship armament=

5 × {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four bow, one stern)
14 × torpedoes or 26 TMA mines
1 × {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} deck gun (220 rounds)
1 x {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 AA gun

Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox service record

is_ship=yes

label=Service record^[1]

partof=

1st U-boat Flotilla
10 April – 1 July 1941 - Training
1st U-boat Flotilla
1 July – 31 December 1941
29th U-boat Flotilla
1 January 1942 – 24 September 1944

codes=

commanders=

Oblt.z.S. Johann Jebsen
10 April 1941 – 17 March 1942
Kptlt. Wilhelm Franken
17 March 1942 – 7 October 1943
Kptlt. Fritz Henning
8 October 1943 – 24 September 1944

operations=

1st patrol: 8 July - 6 August 1941
2nd patrol: 1 September – 7 October 1941
3rd patrol: 3 November – 25 December 1941
4th patrol: 21 January – 17 March 1942
5th patrol: 11–30 April 1942
6th patrol: 7 May – 10 June 1942
7th patrol: 9 July – 4 August 1942
8th patrol: 16–25 August 1942
9th patrol: 31 August – 4 September 1942
10th patrol: 25 October – 13 November 1942
11th patrol: 23 November 1942 – 1 January 1943
12th patrol: 14 February – 5 March 1943
13th patrol: 8 April – 12 May 1943
14th patrol: 17 June – 23 July 1943
15th patrol: 7 September – 1 October 1943
16th patrol: 23 October – 4 November 1943
17th patrol: 6–23 November 1943
18th patrol: 12–27 December 1943
19th patrol: 15–7 March 1944
20th patrol: 1 April – 2 May 1944
21st patrol: 26 August – 13 September 1944

victories=

3 merchant ships sunk ({{GRT|11,347}})
2 merchant ship damaged ({{GRT|17,565}})
2 warships sunk (6,990 tons)

}}

German submarine U-565 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.

She was laid down on 3 March 1940 by Blohm & Voss in Hamburg as yard number 541, launched on 20 February 1941 and commissioned on 10 April 1941 under Oberleutnant Johann Jebsen.

Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-565 had a displacement of {{convert|769|t|LT}} when at the surface and {{convert|871|t|LT}} while submerged.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} She had a total length of {{convert|67.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a pressure hull length of {{convert|50.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|6.20|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a height of {{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a draught of {{convert|4.74|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of {{convert|2800 to 3200|PS|kW shp|-1}} for use while surfaced, two BBC GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of {{convert|750|PS|kW shp}} for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two {{convert|1.23|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to {{convert|230|m}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}}

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|17.7|kn}} and a maximum submerged speed of {{convert|7.6|kn}}.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}} When submerged, the boat could operate for {{convert|80|nmi}} at {{convert|4|kn}}; when surfaced, she could travel {{convert|8500|nmi}} at {{convert|10|kn}}. U-565 was fitted with five {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one {{convert|8.8|cm|in|2|abbr=on}} SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and a {{convert|2|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.{{sfn|Gröner|1991|pp=43-46}}

Service history

The boat's service began on 10 April 1941 with training as part of the 1st U-boat Flotilla. She was transferred to the 29th flotilla on 1 January 1942 in the Mediterranean where she remained until being scuttled in 1944. In 21 patrols she sank three merchant ships, for a total of {{GRT|11,347|disp=long}}, plus two warships sunk and another two merchant ships damaged.{{sfn|Busch|Röll|1999}}

Wolfpacks

She took part in two wolfpacks, namely,

Arnauld (5–18 November 1941)
Wal (10–12 November 1942)

U-565 was badly damaged by bombs dropped by US aircraft on 19 September 1944 in the Mediterranean near Skaramanga in Greece. She was eventually scuttled in Salamis by 3 depth charges on 24 September 1944.

Summary of raiding history

Date	Name	Nationality	Tonnage^[2]	Fate^[3]
11 March 1942	{{HMS\|Naiad\|93\|6}}	{{navy\|United Kingdom}}	5,450	Sunk
23 April 1942	Kirkland	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	1,361	Sunk
18 December 1942	{{HMS\|Partridge\|G30\|6}}	{{navy\|United Kingdom}}	1,540	Sunk
24 February 1943	Nathanael Greene	{{flag\|United States\|1912}}	7,176	Damaged
27 February 1943	Seminole	{{flag\|United Kingdom\|civil}}	10,389	Damaged
20 April 1943	Michigan	{{flag\|United States\|1912}}	5,594	Sunk
20 April 1943	Sidi-Bel-Abbès	{{flag\|Free France}}	4,392	Sunk

References

Notes

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/u565.html |title=The Type VIIC boat U-565 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=15 May 2014}}
2. ^Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement.
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u565.html |title=Ships hit by U-565 |last=Helgason |first=Guðmundur |website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net |accessdate=15 May 2014}}

Citations

Bibliography

{{cite book | last1 = Busch | first1 = Rainer | last2 = Röll | first2 = Hans-Joachim | translator-last = Brooks | translator-first = Geoffrey | title = German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary | publisher = Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press | location = London, Annapolis, Md | year = 1999 | isbn = 1-55750-186-6 | ref = harv}}
{{cite book

|last1=Busch
|first1=Rainer
|last2=Röll
|first2=Hans-Joachim
|title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945
|trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945
|work=Der U-Boot-Krieg
|volume=IV
|publisher=Mittler
|location=Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn
|year=1999
|isbn=3-8132-0514-2
|language=German
|ref=harv
}}

{{cite book

|last1=Gröner
|first1=Erich
|author-link1=
|author-mask1=
|last2=Jung
|first2=Dieter
|display-authors=
|last-author-amp=
|last3=Maass
|first3=Martin
|translator-last1=Thomas
|translator-first1=Keith
|translator-last2=Magowan
|translator-first2=Rachel
|year=1991
|title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels
|volume=2
|work=German Warships 1815–1945
|location=London
|publisher=Conway Maritime Press
|isbn=0-85177-593-4
|ref=CITEREFGr.C3.B6ner1991
}}

{{cite book

|last=Sharpe
|first=Peter
|title=U-Boat Fact File
|publisher=Midland Publishing
|location=Great Britain
|year=1998
|isbn=1-85780-072-9}}{{Refend}}

External links

{{Cite web

|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u565.html
|title=The Type VIIC boat U-565
|last=Helgason
|first=Guðmundur
|website=German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net
|accessdate=28 December 2014
}}

{{cite web

|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0565.html
|title=U 565
|last=Hofmann
|first=Markus
|website=Deutsche U-Boote 1935-1945 - u-boot-archiv.de
|language=German
|accessdate=28 December 2014
}}{{German Type VII submarines}}{{September 1944 shipwrecks}}{{Subject bar
| portal1=Military of Germany
| portal2=Submarine
| portal3=World War II
}}{{use dmy dates|date=December 2014}}{{DEFAULTSORT:U0565}}

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